The challenges faced by NAFDAC in the national regulatory process as it relates to essential drugs for prevention of maternal and newborn deaths in Nigeria

No Abstract

The global threat of counterfeit drugs: why industry and governments must communicate the dangers.

The production of substandard and fake drugs is a vast and underreported problem, particularly affecting poorer countries. Cockburn and colleagues argue that the pharmaceutical industry and governments must both take actio

Fake and counterfeit drugs in the health sector: The role of medical doctors

No Abstract. Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine Vol. 2 (2) 2004: pp. 19-2

Ocular dynamics of <i>Garcinia cola</i> (Heckel) on healthy volunteers following bolus ingestion

Garcinia cola Heckel, an angiospermae belonging to the  family Guttiferae, is known in commerce as bitter cola. It is a plant found in the West African subregion, mostly in moist conditions, and often in association with Cola acuminata. The seeds are highly valued ingredients in African ethonomedicine. The seeds have several social uses and applications in folk medicine. These seeds are ordinarily chewed by the local people without prescription or restriction. In an in vivo case control study, the effects of Garcinia cola on some visual functions: pupil diameter, near point of convergence (NPC), amplitude of accommodation (AA), intraocular pressure (IOP), visual acuity (VA) and habitual phoria; following bolus ingestion of 20 g was undertaken using healthy visually active volunteers. Results showed that bolus ingestion of Garcinia cola constricted the pupil by 68%, reduced the NPC by 28%, increased the AA by 17.8% at peak effect and decreased the intraocular pressure by 31% without affecting the distance and near VA. The lateral phoria at far and near tended towards esophoria. Possibly the miotic effect and reduction in IOP could be of benefit to patients with raised IOP where conventional drugs may not be effective. Also it is possible that the effects on phoria could be exploited in oculomotor function in combination with visual training

Effects Of Aqueous Leaf Extract Of Vernonia Amygdalina On Blood Glucose And Triglyceride Levels Of Alloxan–Induced Diabetic Rats (Rattus rattus)

The effect of Vernonia amygdalina aqueous leaf extract on serum glucose and triglyceride level of diabetic rats were investigated. The aqueous extract was administered to alloxan –diabetic rats. The bood glucose and serum triglyceride levels were estimated at time intervals post oral administration of the extract (80 mg/kg). The extract caused significant (

Ocular effects of acute ingestion of Cola <i>nitida</i>(Linn) on healthy adult volunteers

Cola nitida Linn (Sterculiaceae) is an economic plant widely distributed throughout West Africa and possibly other parts of Africa.Members are malvalves because of their lobular nature. Because of its ubiquity, the plant plays an important role in commerce, and in social activities where it is casually eaten without prescription or restriction. The ethnopharmacological effects of bolus ingestion of 30g of Cola nitida was investigated on visually acute and healthy volunteers in order to determine its ocular implications or effects. Results showed that Cola nitida had no effecton the pupil diameter, visual acuity and intraocular pressure but improved the near point of convergence by 43% and increased the amplitude of accommodation by 11% while existing heterophorias are ameliorated. The stimulating effect of Cola nitida might overcome asthenopic symptoms with convergence insufficiency and allows near work to be donewithout stress. Somnolence and ocular muscle imbalance common features of the elderly canbe ameliorated or relieved