Implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah Dalam Pemberdayaan Guru Pada SMP Negeri 6 Kota Banda Aceh

: School based management is a management which gives the bigger authority on the school in making and implementing the policies in empowering the teachers. The empowering teachers\u27 purpose is to improve the teachers\u27 ability in developing the quality\u27s learning. This research intends to get the data of the SBM implementation in empowering the Junior high school teachers in Banda Aceh by using descriptive, qualitative research\u27s method on the headmaster, vice of the headmaster and teachers as the subjects of the research. The techniques in collecting the observation\u27s data are interview, study of documentation and qualitative data analysis, this research summarizes that (1) the headmaster has already arranged the SBM program in empowering teachers comprehensively. (2) The implementation in empowering the teachers has already been done based on the intended purposes and (3) the obstacles which are faced in implementing SBM in empowering the teachers is the situation and the way of the teachers\u27 work still poorly in general

Fermion Quasi-Spherical Harmonics

Spherical Harmonics, $Y_\ell^m(\theta,\phi)$, are derived and presented (in a Table) for half-odd-integer values of $\ell$ and $m$. These functions are eigenfunctions of $L^2$ and $L_z$ written as differential operators in the spherical-polar angles, $\theta$ and $\phi$. The Fermion Spherical Harmonics are a new, scalar and angular-coordinate-dependent representation of fermion spin angular momentum. They have $4\pi$ symmetry in the angle $\phi$, and hence are not single-valued functions on the Euclidean unit sphere; they are double-valued functions on the sphere, or alternatively are interpreted as having a double-sphere as their domain.Comment: 16 pages, 2 Tables. Submitted to J.Phys.

Bottleneck and selection in the germline and maternal age influence transmission of mitochondrial DNA in human pedigrees.

Heteroplasmy-the presence of multiple mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes in an individual-can lead to numerous mitochondrial diseases. The presentation of such diseases depends on the frequency of the heteroplasmic variant in tissues, which, in turn, depends on the dynamics of mtDNA transmissions during germline and somatic development. Thus, understanding and predicting these dynamics between generations and within individuals is medically relevant. Here, we study patterns of heteroplasmy in 2 tissues from each of 345 humans in 96 multigenerational families, each with, at least, 2 siblings (a total of 249 mother-child transmissions). This experimental design has allowed us to estimate the timing of mtDNA mutations, drift, and selection with unprecedented precision. Our results are remarkably concordant between 2 complementary population-genetic approaches. We find evidence for a severe germline bottleneck (7-10 mtDNA segregating units) that occurs independently in different oocyte lineages from the same mother, while somatic bottlenecks are less severe. We demonstrate that divergence between mother and offspring increases with the mother's age at childbirth, likely due to continued drift of heteroplasmy frequencies in oocytes under meiotic arrest. We show that this period is also accompanied by mutation accumulation leading to more de novo mutations in children born to older mothers. We show that heteroplasmic variants at intermediate frequencies can segregate for many generations in the human population, despite the strong germline bottleneck. We show that selection acts during germline development to keep the frequency of putatively deleterious variants from rising. Our findings have important applications for clinical genetics and genetic counseling

A Note on Doubly Warped Product Contact CR-Submanifolds in trans-Sasakian Manifolds

Warped product CR-submanifolds in Kaehlerian manifolds were intensively studied only since 2001 after the impulse given by B.Y. Chen. Immediately after, another line of research, similar to that concerning Sasakian geometry as the odd dimensional version of Kaehlerian geometry, was developed, namely warped product contact CR-submanifolds in Sasakian manifolds. In this note we proved that there exists no proper doubly warped product contact CR-submanifolds in trans-Sasakian manifolds.Comment: 5 Latex page

Realistic modelling of quantum point contacts subject to high magnetic fields and with current bias at out of linear response regime

The electron and current density distributions in the close proximity of quantum point contacts (QPCs) are investigated. A three dimensional Poisson equation is solved self-consistently to obtain the electron density and potential profile in the absence of an external magnetic field for gate and etching defined devices. We observe the surface charges and their apparent effect on the confinement potential, when considering the (deeply) etched QPCs. In the presence of an external magnetic field, we investigate the formation of the incompressible strips and their influence on the current distribution both in the linear response and out of linear response regime. A spatial asymmetry of the current carrying incompressible strips, induced by the large source drain voltages, is reported for such devices in the non-linear regime.Comment: 16 Pages, 9 Figures, submitted to PR

PCA-based lung motion model

Organ motion induced by respiration may cause clinically significant targeting errors and greatly degrade the effectiveness of conformal radiotherapy. It is therefore crucial to be able to model respiratory motion accurately. A recently proposed lung motion model based on principal component analysis (PCA) has been shown to be promising on a few patients. However, there is still a need to understand the underlying reason why it works. In this paper, we present a much deeper and detailed analysis of the PCA-based lung motion model. We provide the theoretical justification of the effectiveness of PCA in modeling lung motion. We also prove that under certain conditions, the PCA motion model is equivalent to 5D motion model, which is based on physiology and anatomy of the lung. The modeling power of PCA model was tested on clinical data and the average 3D error was found to be below 1 mm.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. submitted to International Conference on the use of Computers in Radiation Therapy 201

The Effect of the Pairing Interaction on the Energies of Isobar Analog Resonances in 112−124^{112-124}Sb and Isospin Admixture in 100−124^{100-124}Sn Isotopes

In the present study, the effect of the pairing interaction and the isovector correlation between nucleons on the properties of the isobar analog resonances (IAR) in $^{112-124}$Sb isotopes and the isospin admixture in $^{100-124}$Sn isotopes is investigated within the framework of the quasiparticle random phase approximation (QRPA). The form of the interaction strength parameter is related to the shell model potential by restoring the isotopic invariance of the nuclear part of the total Hamiltonian. In this respect, the isospin admixtures in the $^{100-124}$Sn isotopes are calculated, and the dependence of the differential cross section and the volume integral $J_{F}$ for the Sn($^{3}$He,t)Sb reactions at E($^{3}$He)$=200$ MeV occurring by the excitation of IAR on mass number A is examined. Our results show that the calculated value for the isospin mixing in the $^{100}$Sn isotope is in good agreement with Colo et al.'s estimates $(4-5$, and the obtained values for the volume integral change within the error range of the value reported by Fujiwara et al. (53$\pm$5 MeV fm$^{3}$). Moreover, it is concluded that although the differential cross section of the isobar analog resonance for the ($^{3}$He,t) reactions is not sensitive to pairing correlations between nucleons, a considerable effect on the isospin admixtures in $N\approx Z$ isotopes can be seen with the presence of these correlations.Comment: 16 pages, 5 EPS figures and 2 tables, Late