Multiplicity fluctuations in hadron-hadron and nucleus-nucleus collisions and percolation of strings

We argue that recent NA49 results on multiparticle distributions and fluctuations, as a function of the number of participant nucleons, suggest that percolation plays an important role in particle production at high densities.Comment: 13 pages, 5 eps figures, late

Evaluasi Kebijakan Nasionalisasi Pertanahan

Evaluasi terhadap implementasi UU No.1/2003 di Timor Leste. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan, mengevaluasi dan menganalisis proses nasionalisasi eks-tanah dan bangunan yang ditinggalkan oleh pemiliknya dan pemerintahan Indonesia dan Portugis yang berkaitan dengan hak kepemilikan. Sebagai akibat adanya sertifikat hak atas tanah yang telah diterbitkan oleh dua pemerintahan yang berbeda dapat menimbulkan persoalan-persoalan di masyarakat setelah kemerdekaannya. Oleh karena itu pemerintah Timor Leste segera merumuskan suatu kebijakan yang dimanifestasikan dalam bentuk undang-undang yang selanjutnya dikenal dengan UU No.1/2003. Pemberlakuan UU No.1/2003 ini pada dasarnya mengatur 3 ketentuan hukum prioritas: pertama, kepentingan umum (negara); kedua, kepentingan bekas pemegang hak, dan; ketiga pemanfaatkan tanah atau bangunan oleh masyarakat. metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. DNTPSC sebagai badan pelaksana telah memaksimalkan seluruh unit kerja yang ada di struktur baik di tingkat pusat maupun daerah. Dalam Implementasi kebijakan pemerintah ini dengan kontribusi yang signifikan dari berbagai pihak. Hasil temuan dalam penelitian menunjukkan telah terdaftarnya 12943 pengaduan atau klaim dengan pemanfaatannya sebesar 11343 sedangkan 1927 sebagai Asset Milik Negara (AMN) telah dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Implementasi kebijakan nasionalisasi telah mencapai target, hal ini tidak terlepas dari koordinasi antar institusi pemerintah yang baik, adanya aturan hukum yang jelas, dukungan donator Internasional, partisipasi masyarakat dan sarana prasarana. Kata Kunci: Evaluasi Kebijakan, Nasionalisas

Infanticide in Chimpanzees: Taphonomic Case Studies from Gombe

Objectives We present a study of skeletal damage to four chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) infanticide victims from Gombe National Park, Tanzania. Skeletal analysis may provide insight into the adaptive significance of infanticide by examining whether nutritional benefits sufficiently explain infanticidal behavior. The nutritional hypothesis would be supported if bone survivorship rates and skeletal damage patterns are comparable to those of monkey prey. If not, other explanations, such as the resource competition hypothesis, should be considered. Methods Taphonomic assessment of two chimpanzee infants included description of breakage and surface modification, data on MNE, %MNE, and bone survivorship. Two additional infants were assessed qualitatively. The data were compared to published information on monkey prey. We also undertook a review of published infanticide cases. Results The cases were intercommunity infanticides (one male and three female infants) committed by males. Attackers partially consumed two of the victims. Damage to all four infants included puncture marks and compression fractures to the cranium, crenulated breaks to long bones, and incipient fractures on ribs. Compared to monkey prey, the chimpanzee infants had an abundance of vertebrae and hand/foot bones. Conclusions The cases described here suggest that chimpanzees may not always completely consume infanticide victims, while reports on chimpanzee predation indicated that complete consumption of monkey prey usually occurred. Infanticidal chimpanzees undoubtedly gain nutritional benefits when they consume dead infants, but this benefit may not sufficiently explain infanticide in this species. Continued study of infanticidal and hunting behavior, including skeletal analysis, is likely to be of interest

Applicability of a Representation for the Martin's Real-Part Formula in Model-Independent Analyses

Using a novel representation for the Martin's real-part formula without the full scaling property, an almost model-independent description of the proton-proton differential cross section data at high energies (19.4 GeV - 62.5 GeV) is obtained. In the impact parameter and eikonal frameworks, the extracted inelastic overlap function presents a peripheral effect (tail) above 2 fm and the extracted opacity function is characterized by a zero (change of sign) in the momentum transfer space, confirming results from previous model-independent analyses. Analytical parametrization for these empirical results are introduced and discussed. The importance of investigations on the inverse problems in high-energy elastic hadron scattering is stressed and the relevance of the proposed representation is commented. A short critical review on the use of Martin's formula is also presented.Comment: Two comments and one reference added at the end of Subsec. 3.3; 23 pages, 9 figures; to be published in Int. J. Mod. Phys.

Penambahan Nutrisi Pada Tiga Varietas Melon Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Dan Kualitas Buah [Nutrition in Addition to Improve the Tree Varieties of Melon and Fruit Quality]

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui interaksi antara penambahan nutrisi dan tiga varietas terhadap produksi dan kualitas buah melon dan untuk menentukan pengaruh penambahan nutrisi atau mengetahui respons varietas yang berbeda terhadap produksi dan kualitas buah melon. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lahan UPT Agrotekno Park, Universitas Jember, Indonesia mulai dari April sampai Juni 2014. Penelitian ini dirancang dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial 3x3, dengan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama, penambahan nutrisi yang terdiri dari 0 g NPK + ZA 0 g, 1,5 g NPK + ZA 1,5 g, dan 3 g NPK + ZA 3 g. Faktor kedua, varietas melon terdiri dari varietas Glamour, Aromis dan Action 434. Data eksperimen dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians dan dilanjutkan dengan Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) jika ada efek yang signifikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara gizi dan varietas berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar gula buah dan vitamin C. Penambahan nutrisi berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan kualitas buah melon, dosis 3 g pupuk NPK + 3 g ZA menunjukkan dosis terbaik. Varietas berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan kualitas buah melon dan varietas Glamour sebagai varietas terbaik

Efeito de diferentes períodos de alagamento no desenvolvimento de Brachiaria brizantha cv. marandu.

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a resposta da Brachiaria brizantha cv Marandu a diferentes períodos de alagamento O experimento foi conduzido em casa-de-vegetação nas dependências da Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, com delineamento de blocos completos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 5x2, e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por 5 períodos de alagamento: zero, cinco, dez, quinze e vinte dias de alagamento, e 2 épocas de coleta: a primeira foi realizada ao final do Período de alagamento e a segunda após 15 dias de rebrota. No experimento conduzido não houve efeito significativo do alagamento sobre a taxa de alongamento foliar (P>0,05), sendo seu resultado inverso ao esperado. Observouse que a percentagem de raízes foi maior para as plantas que não sofreram alagamento e menor nas plantas que permaneceram por 20 dias com lâmina d?água. Concluiu-se que períodos de 20 dias de alagamento restringem o desenvolvimento do sistema radicular da espécie de Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu

The current knowledge on Anastrepha Schiner (Dip., Tephritidae) in the State of Amapá, Brazil.

Resumo simples

A model for net-baryon rapidity distribution

In nuclear collisions, a sizable fraction of the available energy is carried away by baryons. As the baryon number is conserved, the net-baryon $B-\bar{B}$ retains information on the energy-momentum carried by the incoming nuclei. A simple and consistent model for net-baryon production in high energy proton-proton and nucleus-nucleus collisions is presented. The basic ingredients of the model are valence string formation based on standard PDFs with QCD evolution and string fragmentation via the Schwinger mechanism. The results of the model are presented and compared with data at different centre-of-mass energies and centralities, as well as with existing models. These results show that a good description of the main features of net-baryon data is possible in the framework of a simplistic model, with the advantage of making the fundamental production mechanisms manifest.Comment: 9 pages, 12 figures; in fig. 11 a) the vertical scale was correcte

Production of Secondaries in High Energy d+Au Collisions

In the framework of Quark-Gluon String Model we calculate the inclusive spectra of secondaries produced in d+Au collisions at intermediate (CERN SPS) and at much higher (RHIC) energies. The results of numerical calculations at intermediate energies are in reasonable agreement with the data. At RHIC energies numerically large inelastic screening corrections (percolation effects) should be accounted for in calculations. We extract these effects from the existing RHIC experimental data on minimum bias and central d+Au collisions. The predictions for p+Au interactions at LHC energy are also given.Comment: 18 pages and 10 figure

Índices de infestação de Geissospermum argenteum Woodson (Apocynaceae) por Anastrepha atrigona Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae) em Laranjal do Jari, Amapá.

Geissospermum argenteum Woodson, conhecida como "quina", é uma espécie vegetal nativa da Amazônia, frequentemente utilizada por populações tradicionais no tratamento da malária. No estado do Amapá, frutos dessa espécie comumente são infestados por Anastrepha atrigona Hendel. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o índice de infestação de frutos de G. argenteum por A. atrigona em áreas de floresta de terra firme no município de Laranjal do Jari, Amapá. Foram coletadas 20 amostras (30 frutos por amostra) nos dias 30 e 31/05/2013 (latitudes 00° 41' a 00° 47' e longitudes 52°22' a 52°28'), totalizando 600 frutos (8,8 kg). Em campo os frutos foram processados segundo metodologia utilizada para obtenção de moscas- das-frutas (amostras individualizadas) e conduzidos ao Laboratório de Entomologia da Embrapa Amapá, em Macapá. O material foi examinado a cada cinco dias, sendo os pupários retirados e transferidos para frascos de plástico, contendo uma fina camada de vermiculita umedecida. Todas as amostras apresentaram infestação por A. atrigona, variando de 46,0% a 93,0% dos frutos infestados (média de 74,1 ± 2,52%). Considerando apenas os frutos infestados, o índice médio de infestação foi de 8,4 ± 0,59 pupários/fruto (variando de 2,3 a 12,3 pupários/fruto). O maior número de pupários obtidos de um fruto foi 36, sendo muito frequente a obtenção de mais de 20 pupários/fruto. Deve-se considerar que a infestação pode ser ainda maior, visto que outros fatores podem contribuir para subestimar o índice de infestação: 1) quando coleta-se frutos caídos no solo, algumas larvas podem já ter abandonado os frutos, partindo para o processo de pupação no solo; 2) a alta infestação dos frutos pode prejudicar o desenvolvimento das larvas, causando mortalidade de algumas delas; e 3) a longa distância dos pontos de coleta, no sul do Estado, até a capital, bem como as condições de trafegabilidade da rodovia podem contribuir para aumentar a mortalidade de larvas. O presente estudo evidencia a importância de G. argenteum na manutenção populacional de A. atrigona no Estado do Amapá. Ressalta-se que A. atrigona não é considerada uma espécie-praga, contudo contribui para a manutenção de espécies de parasitoides de moscas-das-frutas.US39