Engineering two-mode interactions in ion traps

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Preparation of nonclassical states in cavities with a moving mirror

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Landmark-based evaluation of a block-matching registration framework on the RESECT pre- and intra-operative brain image data set

In this paper, we describe the application of an established block-matching based registration method to the CuRIOUS 2019 MICCAI registration challenge. Directional and symmetric approaches with different parameters are evaluated to select the most suitable setting of this fully automatic and general registration method. The results can be used as a baseline, for example when evaluating methods specialised in ultrasound (US) to MRI registration or registration of different interventional US (iUS) data. This work is a continuation of our contribution to the CuRIOUS 2018 challenge. We provide a more extensive analysis of main parameters as well as add pre- to post-resection iUS registration to the previous MRI-iUS registration. The proposed approach achieves an average target registration error of 2.68 mm and 1.92 mm for the MR-iUS and the iUS-iUS task respectively.</p

Alzheimer's Disease: a Review of its Visual System Neuropathology. Optical Coherence Tomography-a Potential Role As a Study Tool in Vivo

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a prevalent, long-term progressive degenerative disorder with great social impact. It is currently thought that, in addition to neurodegeneration, vascular changes also play a role in the pathophysiology of the disease. Visual symptoms are frequent and are an early clinical manifestation; a number of psychophysiologic changes occur in visual function, including visual field defects, abnormal contrast sensitivity, abnormalities in color vision, depth perception deficits, and motion detection abnormalities. These visual changes were initially believed to be solely due to neurodegeneration in the posterior visual pathway. However, evidence from pathology studies in both animal models of AD and humans has demonstrated that neurodegeneration also takes place in the anterior visual pathway, with involvement of the retinal ganglion cells' (RGCs) dendrites, somata, and axons in the optic nerve. These studies additionally showed that patients with AD have changes in retinal and choroidal microvasculature. Pathology findings have been corroborated in in-vivo assessment of the retina and optic nerve head (ONH), as well as the retinal and choroidal vasculature. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) in particular has shown great utility in the assessment of these changes, and it may become a useful tool for early detection and monitoring disease progression in AD. The authors make a review of the current understanding of retinal and choroidal pathological changes in patients with AD, with particular focus on in-vivo evidence of retinal and choroidal neurodegenerative and microvascular changes using OCT technology.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Quantum interference in three-photon down-conversion

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A multicentre matched case control study of risk factors for Preeclampsia in healthy women in Pakistan

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality world-wide. The risk for developing preeclampsia varies depending on the underlying mechanism. Because the disorder is heterogeneous, the pathogenesis can differ in women with various risk factors. Understanding these mechanisms of disease responsible for preeclampsia as well as risk assessment is still a major challenge. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with preeclampsia, in healthy women in maternity hospitals of Karachi and Rawalpindi.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We conducted a hospital based matched case-control study to assess the factors associated with preeclampsia in Karachi and Rawalpindi, from January 2006 to December 2007. 131 hospital-reported cases of PE and 262 controls without history of preeclampsia were enrolled within 3 days of delivery. Cases and controls were matched on the hospital, day of delivery and parity. Potential risk factors for preeclampsia were ascertained during in-person postpartum interviews using a structured questionnaire and by medical record abstraction. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate matched odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In multivariate analysis, women having a family history of hypertension (adjusted OR 2.06, 95% CI; 1.27-3.35), gestational diabetes (adjusted OR 6.57, 95% CI; 1.94 -22.25), pre-gestational diabetes (adjusted OR 7.36, 95% CI; 1.37-33.66) and mental stress during pregnancy (adjusted OR 1.32; 95% CI; 1.19-1.46, for each 5 unit increase in Perceived stress scale score) were at increased risk of preeclampsia. However, high body mass index, maternal age, urinary tract infection, use of condoms prior to index pregnancy and sociodemographic factors were not associated with higher risk of having preeclampsia.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Development of preeclampsia was associated with gestational diabetes, pregestational diabetes, family history of hypertension and mental stress during pregnancy. These factors can be used as a screening tool for preeclampsia prediction. Identification of the above mentioned predictors would enhance the ability to diagnose and monitor women likely to develop preeclampsia before the onset of disease for timely interventions and better maternal and fetal outcomes.</p

Alimentos, superficies y COVID-19

El COVID-19 es una enfermedad infecciosa respiratoria causada por un coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) que provoca afecciones que varían de moderadas a severas. Los datos disponibles indican que la transmisión más frecuente del SARS-CoV-2 ocurre a través de gotas respiratorias a corta distancia (<2 m). Existen ejemplos recientes documentados en los que parece haberse transmitido a través del aire a distancias superiores. De todos modos, estos eventos serían poco comunes e involucrarían la presencia de aerosoles infectivos en i) espacios cerrados, ii) con personas infectadas realizando actividades que aumentan la generación de partículas respiratorias, iii) en sitios mal ventilados, y iv) por períodos prolongados (30 min a varias horas). Una tercera forma de transmisión que se ha especulado es el contacto directo con personas infectadas o con un artículo o superficie contaminada. Esto incluye a cualquier objeto (alimento o no). De todos modos, de momento no existe evidencia científica fuerte que apoye esta forma de transmisión.Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Agroindustriale