cDNA and gene nucleotide sequence of porcine plasminogen activator.

We have isolated cDNA and genomic clones coding for porcine plasminogen activator (urokinase, uPA). The cDNA is 2375 nucleotides long: it consists of a 5'-non-coding region (104 nucleotides), an open reading frame of 1329 nucleotides, and 3'-non-coding region of 942 nucleotides apart from the poly A tail. The genomic segment corresponding to the transcribed sequence is 5.85 kb long; it is composed of 11 exons and 10 introns. The 5'-flanking genomic region contains a number of sequences of potential regulatory significance, including possible hormone receptor binding sites and a sequence which we tentatively propose may be involved in activation of transcription by cAMP. The full sequence of both cDNA and genomic clones, the latter including 1.3 kb of flanking region, is presented and discussed, and the deduced amino acid sequence compared with that of human uPA

Efficacy and maintenance of an education program for a consumer cooperative.

We examined the effects of contingency management on participation in and maintenance of an education program by new members of a student housing cooperative. With credit and fine contingencies in place, the percentage of participants completing study guides was five times higher than without the contingencies. Members continued to implement the program for 9 years without researcher involvement

Cost effectiveness of treatment models of care for hepatitis C: the South Australian state-wide experience

Abstract not available.Jeyamani Ramachandran, Billingsley Kaambwa, Kate Muller, James Haridy, Edmund Tse, Emma Tilley, Rosalie Altus, Victoria Waddell, David Gordon, David Shaw, Dep Huynh, Jeffrey Stewart, Renjy Nelson, Morgyn Warner, Mark A. Boyd, Mohamed A. Chinnaratha, Damian Harding, Lucy Ralton, Anton Colman, Richard Woodman and Alan J. Wig

Leaf teeth, transpiration and the retrieval of apoplastic solutes in balsam poplar

The rapid flow of the transpiration stream through major veins to leaf teeth was followed in leaves of Populus balsamifera L., using the tracer sulphorhodamine G (SR), which probes for cells with H+‐extrusion pumps. The tracer accumulated quickly in the hydathodes of the teeth. It was shown by freeze‐substitution and anhydrous processing that SR was taken up by phloem parenchyma and epithem cells of the hydathode. When 14C‐labelled aspartate was fed to the leaves in the transpiration stream, it also was taken up most strongly by the same phloem parenchyma and epithem cells. It is proposed that one function of the hydathodes in leaf teeth is the retrieval of solutes from the transpiration stream. Copyrigh