Experimental evidence of solitary wave interaction in Hertzian chains

We study experimentally the interaction between two solitary waves that approach one to another in a linear chain of spheres interacting via the Hertz potential. When these counter propagating waves collide, they cross each other and a phase shift respect to the noninteracting waves is introduced, as a result of the nonlinear interaction potential. This observation is well reproduced by our numerical simulations and it is shown to be independent of viscoelastic dissipation at the beads contact. In addition, when the collision of equal amplitude and synchronized counter propagating waves takes place, we observe that two secondary solitary waves emerge from the interacting region. The amplitude of secondary solitary waves is proportional to the amplitude of incident waves. However, secondary solitary waves are stronger when the collision occurs at the middle contact in chains with even number of beads. Although numerical simulations correctly predict the existence of these waves, experiments show that their respective amplitude are significantly larger than predicted. We attribute this discrepancy to the rolling friction at the beads contacts during solitary wave propagation

Gravitational waves from spinning eccentric binaries

This paper is to introduce a new software called CBwaves which provides a fast and accurate computational tool to determine the gravitational waveforms yielded by generic spinning binaries of neutron stars and/or black holes on eccentric orbits. This is done within the post-Newtonian (PN) framework by integrating the equations of motion and the spin precession equations while the radiation field is determined by a simultaneous evaluation of the analytic waveforms. In applying CBwaves various physically interesting scenarios have been investigated. In particular, we have studied the appropriateness of the adiabatic approximation, and justified that the energy balance relation is indeed insensitive to the specific form of the applied radiation reaction term. By studying eccentric binary systems it is demonstrated that circular template banks are very ineffective in identifying binaries even if they possess tiny residual orbital eccentricity. In addition, by investigating the validity of the energy balance relation we show that, on contrary to the general expectations, the post-Newtonian approximation should not be applied once the post-Newtonian parameter gets beyond the critical value $\sim 0.08-0.1$. Finally, by studying the early phase of the gravitational waves emitted by strongly eccentric binary systems---which could be formed e.g. in various many-body interactions in the galactic halo---we have found that they possess very specific characteristics which may be used to identify these type of binary systems.Comment: 37 pages, 18 figures, submitted to Class. Quantum Gra

DOC1-Dependent Recruitment of NURD Reveals Antagonism with SWI/SNF during Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition i

The Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase (NURD) complex is a key regulator of cell differentiation that has also been implicated in tumorigenesis. Loss of the NURD subunit Deleted in Oral Cancer 1 (DOC1) is associated with human oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Here, we show that restoration of DOC1 expression in OSCC cells leads to a reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This is caused by the DOC1-dependent targeting of NURD to repress key transcriptional regulators of EMT. NURD recruitment drives extensive epigenetic reprogramming, including eviction of the SWI/SNF remodeler, formation of inaccessible chromatin, H3K27 deacetylation, and binding of PRC2 and KDM1A, followed by H3K27 methylation and H3K4 demethylation. Strikingly, depletion of SWI/SNF mimics the effects of DOC1 re-expression. Our results suggest that SWI/SNF and NURD function antagonistically to control chromatin state and transcription. We propose that disturbance of this dynamic equilibrium may lead to defects in gene expression that promote oncogenesis

Mark Carney and the gendered political economy of British central banking

In this article we explore Mark Carney’s place in the gendered political economy of British central banking. We document the gendered narratives surrounding Carney around the time of his appointment as Governor of the Bank of England, suggesting that they worked to naturalise certain gender constructions in finance. We show how Carney seemingly had the ability to successfully embody a combination of two ideal-types of masculinity: both ‘transnational business masculinity’ and ‘traditional bourgeois masculinity’. We argue this contributed to three depoliticising moves, each of which gain their strength in part from the naturalisation of masculinities in finance, while obfuscating important questions of gendered finance. To elucidate the latter, we highlight some of the gendered outcomes that are obscured by the furore surrounding Carney’s character, suggesting that the monetary and financial stability concerns of the Bank under his stewardship are likely to reproduce the uneven and exploitative relations of gendered finance

Lack of evidence for a causal role of CALR3 in monogenic cardiomyopathy

The pathogenicity of previously published disease-associated genes and variants is sometimes questionable. Large-scale, population-based sequencing studies have uncovered numerous false assignments of pathogenicity. Misinterpretation of sequence variants may have serious implications for the patients and families involved, as genetic test results are increasingly being used in medical decision making. In this study, we assessed the role of the calreticulin-3 gene (CALR3) in cardiomyopathy. CALR3 has been included in several cardiomyopathy gene panels worldwide. Its inclusion is based on a single publication describing two missense variants in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. In our national cardiomyopathy cohort (n = 6154), we identified 17 unique, rare heterozygous CALR3 variants in 48 probands. Overall, our patient cohort contained a significantly higher number of rare CALR3 variants compared to the ExAC population (p = 0.0036). However, after removing a potential Dutch founder variant, no statistically significant difference was found (p = 0.89). In nine probands, the CALR3 variant was accompanied by a disease-causing variant in another, well-known cardiomyopathy gene. In three families, the CALR3 variant did not segregate with the disease. Furthermore, we could not demonstrate calreticulin-3 protein expression in myocardial tissues at various ages. On the basis of these findings, it seems highly questionable that variants in CALR3 are a monogenic cause of cardiomyopathy

The accessible chromatin landscape of the human genome

DNaseI hypersensitive sites (DHSs) are markers of regulatory DNA and have underpinned the discovery of all classes of cis-regulatory elements including enhancers, promoters, insulators, silencers, and locus control regions. Here we present the first extensive map of human DHSs identified through genome-wide profiling in 125 diverse cell and tissue types. We identify ~2.9 million DHSs that encompass virtually all known experimentally-validated cis-regulatory sequences and expose a vast trove of novel elements, most with highly cell-selective regulation. Annotating these elements using ENCODE data reveals novel relationships between chromatin accessibility, transcription, DNA methylation, and regulatory factor occupancy patterns. We connect ~580,000 distal DHSs with their target promoters, revealing systematic pairing of different classes of distal DHSs and specific promoter types. Patterning of chromatin accessibility at many regulatory regions is choreographed with dozens to hundreds of co-activated elements, and the trans-cellular DNaseI sensitivity pattern at a given region can predict cell type-specific functional behaviors. The DHS landscape shows signatures of recent functional evolutionary constraint. However, the DHS compartment in pluripotent and immortalized cells exhibits higher mutation rates than that in highly differentiated cells, exposing an unexpected link between chromatin accessibility, proliferative potential and patterns of human variation

Patterns of protein carbonylation during Medicago truncatula seed maturation

Seeds mainly acquire their physiological quality during maturation, whereas oxidative conditions reign within cells triggering protein carbonylation. To better understand the role of this protein modification in legume seeds, we compared by proteomics patterns of carbonylated proteins in maturing seeds of Medicago truncatula naturally desiccated or prematurely dried, a treatment known to impair seed quality acquisition. In both cases, protein carbonylation increased in these seeds, accompanying water removal. We identified several proteins whose extent of carbonylation varied when comparing natural desiccation and premature drying and that could therefore be responsible for the impairment of seed quality acquisition or expression. In particular, we focused on PM34, a protein specific to seeds exhibiting a high sensitivity to carbonylation and of which function in dicotyledons was not known before. PM34 proved to have a cellulase activity presumably associated with cell elongation, a process required for germination and subsequent seedling growth. We discuss the possibility that PM34 (abundance or redox state) could be used to assess crop seed quality

Brain Imaging of Normal Subjects (BRAINS) age-specific MRI atlases from young adults to the very elderly (v1.0)

We have developed seven age-specific atlases of T1 brain MRI from 25 to 92 years../derivatives/group00001/anatomy/group00001_T1w_CSF_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00001/anatomy/group00001_T1w_CSF_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00001/anatomy/group00001_T1w_GM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00001/anatomy/group00001_T1w_GM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00001/anatomy/group00001_T1w_mean_icv_mask.nii ./derivatives/group00001/anatomy/group00001_T1w_mean.nii ./derivatives/group00001/anatomy/group00001_T1w_WM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00001/anatomy/group00001_T1w_WM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00002/anatomy/group00002_T1w_CSF_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00002/anatomy/group00002__T1w_CSF_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00002/anatomy/group00002_T1w_GM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00002/anatomy/group00002__T1w_GM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00002/anatomy/group00002_T1w_mean_icv_mask.nii ./derivatives/group00002/anatomy/group00002_T1w_mean.nii ./derivatives/group00002/anatomy/group00002_T1w_WM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00002/anatomy/group00002__T1w_WM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00003/anatomy/group00003_T1w_CSF_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00003/anatomy/group00003__T1w_CSF_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00003/anatomy/group00003_T1w_GM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00003/anatomy/group00003__T1w_GM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00003/anatomy/group00003_T1w_mean_icv_mask.nii ./derivatives/group00003/anatomy/group00003_T1w_mean.nii ./derivatives/group00003/anatomy/group00003_T1w_WM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00003/anatomy/group00003__T1w_WM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00004/anatomy/group00004_T1w_CSF_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00004/anatomy/group00004__T1w_CSF_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00004/anatomy/group00004_T1w_GM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00004/anatomy/group00004__T1w_GM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00004/anatomy/group00004_T1w_mean_icv_mask.nii ./derivatives/group00004/anatomy/group00004_T1w_mean.nii ./derivatives/group00004/anatomy/group00004_T1w_WM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00004/anatomy/group00004__T1w_WM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00005/anatomy/group00005_T1w_CSF_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00005/anatomy/group00005__T1w_CSF_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00005/anatomy/group00005_T1w_GM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00005/anatomy/group00005__T1w_GM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00005/anatomy/group00005_T1w_mean_icv_mask.nii ./derivatives/group00005/anatomy/group00005_T1w_mean.nii ./derivatives/group00005/anatomy/group00005_T1w_WM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00005/anatomy/group00005__T1w_WM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00006/anatomy/group00006_T1w_CSF_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00006/anatomy/group00006__T1w_CSF_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00006/anatomy/group00006_T1w_GM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00006/anatomy/group00006__T1w_GM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00006/anatomy/group00006_T1w_mean_icv_mask.nii ./derivatives/group00006/anatomy/group00006_T1w_mean.nii ./derivatives/group00006/anatomy/group00006_T1w_WM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00006/anatomy/group00006__T1w_WM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00007/anatomy/group00007_T1w_CSF_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00007/anatomy/group00007__T1w_CSF_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00007/anatomy/group00007_T1w_GM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00007/anatomy/group00007__T1w_GM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./derivatives/group00007/anatomy/group00007_T1w_mean_icv_mask.nii ./derivatives/group00007/anatomy/group00007_T1w_mean.nii ./derivatives/group00007/anatomy/group00007_T1w_WM_probability.nii ./derivatives/group00007/anatomy/group00007__T1w_WM_probability_thresholded.1.nii ./experiment_description.doc

A bibliography of parasites and diseases of marine and freshwater fishes of India

With the increasing demand for fish as human food, aquaculture both in freshwater and salt water is rapidly developing over the world. In the developing countries, fishes are being raised as food. In many countries fish farming is a very important economic activity. The most recent branch, mariculture, has shown advances in raising fishes in brackish, estuarine and bay waters, in which marine, anadromous and catadromous fishes have successfully been grown and maintained