Effects of discontinued endurance methods on VO2max in judokas

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar el efecto de dos diferentes planes de entrenamiento de resistencia basados en la metodología discontinua (intermitente e interválica), sobre el VO2Máx de atletas Antioqueños de Judo de rendimiento. Para ello, 21 Judokas de la Selección Antioqueña pertenecientes a la categoría Senior (20,43±4,18 años), fueron distribuidos aleatoriamente en tres grupos, dos grupos experimentales y un grupo control. Ambos grupos experimentales entrenaron la resistencia durante 4 semanas con 4 estímulos por semana, uno de los grupos experimentales basó su entrenamiento en el método interválico y el otro en el intermitente. Por su parte, el grupo control no realizó ningún tipo de entrenamiento de la resistencia. No se hallaron diferencias significativas entre pretest y postest de ninguno de los grupos ni experimentales ni el de grupo control (p>0,05). Se concluyó que el entrenamiento de la resistencia basado en métodos discontinuos no produjo diferencias significativas en el VO2Máx

Exome sequencing of an isolated Chilean population affected by Specific Language Impairment (SLI)

Speech and language impairments that are a primary deficit and have no obvious cause (e.g. a comorbid neurological disorder like autism) are diagnosed as Specific Language Impairment (SLI). SLI affects 5–8 % of preschool children and represents a lifelong disability associated with an increased risk of behavioural disorders, social problems and literacy deficits. SLI is highly heritable and twin studies indicate a strong genetic basis. Nonetheless, the underlying genetic mechanisms are expected to be multifactorial and, to date, only three risk variants have been identified. One way to increase the power to detect contributory genetic factors is to study isolated populations derived from relatively recent shared ancestors (founder populations). In 2008, Villanueva described a founder population with a particularly high incidence of SLI (10 times that expected). They inhabit the Robinson Crusoe Island, which lies 677 km to the west of Chile and was colonised in the late 19th century by 8 European and Amerindian families. 77 % of the current island population have a colonising surname and 14 % of marriages involve consanguineous unions. More than 80 % of language impaired individuals can be traced to a pair of founder brothers. This population thus has a short (5-generations) and well documented history and represents a unique resource which could make valuable contributions to the elucidation of genetic mechanisms underpinning SLI. We applied exome sequencing technologies to five language impaired individuals from this population and identified nine nonsynonymous coding changes or splice site mutations that were present in at least three of the five affected individuals sequenced. Sequencing of the entire cohort identified a single non-synonymous coding change that was significantly more frequent in cases than controls (genotype frequencies of 46 and 11 % respectively, p = 4.48 9 10-5). We suggest that this rare coding variant may contribute to the elevated frequency of SLI in this population

Combinación de imágenes satelitales con datos meteorológicos para la estimación de la evapotranspiración de referencia

[EN] The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in its publication No. 56 of the Irrigation and Drainage Series presents the FAO Penman-Monteith procedure for the estimation of reference evapotranspiration from meteorological data, however, its calculation may be complicated in areas where there are no weather stations. This paper presents an evaluation of the potential of the Land Surface Temperature and Digital Elevation Models products derived from the MODIS and ASTER sensors, both on board the Terra EOS AM-1 satellite, for the estimation of reference evapotranspiration using the Penman-Monteith FAO-56, Hargreaves, Thornthwaite and Blaney-Criddle models. The four models were compared with the method proposed by FAO calculated with the observed data of a ground based meteorological station, finding a significant relation with the models Penman-Monteith FAO-56 and Hargreaves.[ES] La Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO) en su publicación No 56 de la Serie de Riego y Drenaje presenta el procedimiento FAO Penman-Monteith para la estimación de la evapotranspiración de referencia a partir de datos meteorológicos, no obstante, su cálculo puede complicarse en zonas donde no se cuenta con estaciones meteorológicas. El presente artículo exhibe una evaluación del potencial de productos de Temperatura Superficial Terrestre y Modelos Digitales de Elevación derivados de imágenes adquiridas por los sensores MODIS y ASTER, ambos a bordo del satélite Terra EOS AM-1, para la estimación de la evapotranspiración de referencia utilizando los modelos de Penman-Monteith FAO-56, Hargreaves, Thornthwaite y Blaney-Criddle. Los cuatro modelos fueron comparados con el método propuesto por la FAO calculado con datos observados de una estación meteorológica en tierra, encontrando una relación significativa con los modelos Penman-Monteith FAO-56 y Hargreaves.The authors thank the Sugarcane Research Center of Colombia (Cenicaña) for providing the necessary data and sharing their knowledge in several of the areas covered here.Montero, D.; Echeverry, F.; Hernández, F. (2018). Combination of satellite imagery with meteorological data for estimating reference evapotranspiration. Revista de Teledetección. (51):75-85. doi:10.4995/raet.2018.7688SWORD758551Ackerman, S., Strabala, K., Menzel, P., Frey, R., Moeller, C., Gumley, L., Baum, B., Seemann, S., Zhang, H. 2006. Discriminating clear-sky from clouds with MODIS, Algorithm theoretical basis document (MOD35). Madison, Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin-Madison.Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., Smith, M. 2006. Evapotranspiración del cultivo, Guías para la determinación de los requerimientos de agua de los cultivos. Roma: FAO.Berti, A., Tardivo, G., Chiaudani, A., Rech, F., Borin, M. 2014. Assessing reference evapotranspiration by the Hargreaves method in north-eastern Italy. Agricultural Water Management, 140, 20-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2014.03.015Blaney, H. F., Criddle, W. D., 1950. Determining water requirements in irrigated areas from climatological and irrigation data. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Soil Conservation Service.Byun, K., Waqas Liaqat, U., Choi, M. 2014. Dual-model approaches for evapotranspiration analyses over homo and heterogeneous land surface conditions. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 197, 169-187. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.07.001Cai, J., Liu, Y., Lei, T., Santos Pereira, L. 2007. Estimating reference evapotranspiration with the FAO Penman-Monteith equation using daily weather forecast messages. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 145, 22-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.agrformet.2007.04.012Cervantes-Osornio, R., Arteaga-Ramírez, R., VázquezPeña, M. A., Ojeda-Bustamante, W., QuevedoNolasco, A. 2013. Modelos Hargreaves PriestleyTaylor y redes neuronales artificiales en la estimación de la evapotranspiración de referencia. Ingeniería Investigación y Tecnología, 14(2), 163-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1405-7743(13)72234-0Cruz-Blanco, M., Gavilán, P., Santos, C., Lorite, I. J. 2014. Assessment of reference evapotranspiration using remote sensing andforecasting tools under semi-arid conditions. 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Evaluation of evapotranspiration estimation methods and development of crop coefficients for potato crop in a sub-humid region. Agricultural Water Management, 50(1), 9-25. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378- 3774(01)00102-0López-Urrea, R., Martín de Santa Olalla, F., Fabeiro, C., Moratalla, A. 2006. Testing evapotranspiration equations using lysimeter observations in a semiarid climate. Agricultural Water Management, 85, 15-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2006.03.014Maeda, E. E., Wiberg, D. A., Pellikka, P. K. E. 2011. Estimating reference evapotranspiration using remote sensing and empirical models in a region with limited ground data availability in Kenya. Applied Geography, 31, 251-258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2010.05.011Manesh, S. S., Ahani, H., Rezaeian-Zadeh, M. 2014. ANN-based mapping of monthly reference crop evapotranspiration by using altitude, latitude and longitude data in Fars province, Iran. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 16(1), 103-122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-013-9465-xMartínez-Cob, A., Tejero-Juste, M. 2004. A windbased qualitative calibration of the Hargreaves ET0 estimation equation in semiarid regions. Agricultural Water Management, 64(3), 251-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-3774(03)00199-9Maselli, F., Papale, D., Chiesi, M., Matteucci, G., Angeli, L., Raschi, A., Seufert, G. 2014. Operational monitoring of daily evapotranspiration by the combination of MODIS NDVI and ground meteorological data: Application and evaluation in Central Italy. Remote Sensing of Environment, 152, 279-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2014.06.021Meyer, D. J., Tachikawa, T., Abrams, M., Crippen, R., Krieger, T., Gesch, D., Carabajal, C. 2012. Summary of the validation of the second version of the ASTER GDEM. In: International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XXXIX-B4. Melbourne, Australia, 15th August - 1st September. pp 291-293. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchivesXXXIX-B4-291-2012Mildrexler, D. J., Zhao, M., Running, S. W. 2011. A global comparison between station air temperatures and MODIS land surface temperatures reveals the cooling role of forests. Journal Of Geophysical Research, 116, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JG001486Nolan, R. H., Resco de Dios, V., Boer, M. M., Caccamo, G., Goulden, M. L., Bradstock, R. A. 2016. Predicting dead fine fuel moisture at regional scales using vapour pressure deficit from MODIS and gridded weather data. Remote Sensing of Environment, 174, 100-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.12.010Rahimikhoob, A., Hosseinzadeh, M. 2014. Assessment of Blaney-Criddle Equation for Calculating Reference Evapotranspiration with NOAA/AVHRR Data. Water Resour Manage, 28(10), 3365-3375. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-014-0670-7Sánchez, M., Chuvieco, E. 2000. 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Neuropathic Pain in Rats with a Partial Sciatic Nerve Ligation Is Alleviated by Intravenous Injection of Monoclonal Antibody to High Mobility Group Box-1

High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases. A previous study reported that intravenous injection of anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody significantly attenuated brain edema in a rat model of stroke, possibly by attenuating glial activation. Peripheral nerve injury leads to increased activity of glia in the spinal cord dorsal horn. Thus, it is possible that the anti-HMGB1 antibody could also be efficacious in attenuating peripheral nerve injury-induced pain. Following partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL), rats were treated with either anti-HMGB1 or control IgG. Intravenous treatment with anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody (2 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated PSNL-induced hind paw tactile hypersensitivity at 7, 14 and 21 days, but not 3 days, after ligation, whereas control IgG had no effect on tactile hypersensitivity. The expression of HMGB1 protein in the spinal dorsal horn was significantly increased 7, 14 and 21 days after PSNL; the efficacy of the anti-HMGB1 antibody is likely related to the presence of HMGB1 protein. Also, the injury-induced translocation of HMGB1 from the nucleus to the cytosol occurred mainly in dorsal horn neurons and not in astrocytes and microglia, indicating a neuronal source of HMGB1. Markers of astrocyte (glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)), microglia (ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba1)) and spinal neuron (cFos) activity were greatly increased in the ipsilateral dorsal horn side compared to the sham-operated side 21 days after PSNL. Anti-HMGB1 monoclonal antibody treatment significantly decreased the injury-induced expression of cFos and Iba1, but not GFAP. The results demonstrate that nerve injury evokes the synthesis and release of HMGB1 from spinal neurons, facilitating the activity of both microglia and neurons, which in turn leads to symptoms of neuropathic pain. Thus, the targeting of HMGB1 could be a useful therapeutic strategy in the treatment of chronic pain

Fine-mapping of the HNF1B multicancer locus identifies candidate variants that mediate endometrial cancer risk.

Common variants in the hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 homeobox B (HNF1B) gene are associated with the risk of Type II diabetes and multiple cancers. Evidence to date indicates that cancer risk may be mediated via genetic or epigenetic effects on HNF1B gene expression. We previously found single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the HNF1B locus to be associated with endometrial cancer, and now report extensive fine-mapping and in silico and laboratory analyses of this locus. Analysis of 1184 genotyped and imputed SNPs in 6608 Caucasian cases and 37 925 controls, and 895 Asian cases and 1968 controls, revealed the best signal of association for SNP rs11263763 (P = 8.4 × 10(-14), odds ratio = 0.86, 95% confidence interval = 0.82-0.89), located within HNF1B intron 1. Haplotype analysis and conditional analyses provide no evidence of further independent endometrial cancer risk variants at this locus. SNP rs11263763 genotype was associated with HNF1B mRNA expression but not with HNF1B methylation in endometrial tumor samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Genetic analyses prioritized rs11263763 and four other SNPs in high-to-moderate linkage disequilibrium as the most likely causal SNPs. Three of these SNPs map to the extended HNF1B promoter based on chromatin marks extending from the minimal promoter region. Reporter assays demonstrated that this extended region reduces activity in combination with the minimal HNF1B promoter, and that the minor alleles of rs11263763 or rs8064454 are associated with decreased HNF1B promoter activity. Our findings provide evidence for a single signal associated with endometrial cancer risk at the HNF1B locus, and that risk is likely mediated via altered HNF1B gene expression

A barcode of organellar genome polymorphisms identifies the geographic origin of Plasmodium falciparum strains.

Malaria is a major public health problem that is actively being addressed in a global eradication campaign. Increased population mobility through international air travel has elevated the risk of re-introducing parasites to elimination areas and dispersing drug-resistant parasites to new regions. A simple genetic marker that quickly and accurately identifies the geographic origin of infections would be a valuable public health tool for locating the source of imported outbreaks. Here we analyse the mitochondrion and apicoplast genomes of 711 Plasmodium falciparum isolates from 14 countries, and find evidence that they are non-recombining and co-inherited. The high degree of linkage produces a panel of relatively few single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that is geographically informative. We design a 23-SNP barcode that is highly predictive (~92%) and easily adapted to aid case management in the field and survey parasite migration worldwide

Spoken term detection ALBAYZIN 2014 evaluation: overview, systems, results, and discussion

The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13636-015-0063-8Spoken term detection (STD) aims at retrieving data from a speech repository given a textual representation of the search term. Nowadays, it is receiving much interest due to the large volume of multimedia information. STD differs from automatic speech recognition (ASR) in that ASR is interested in all the terms/words that appear in the speech data, whereas STD focuses on a selected list of search terms that must be detected within the speech data. This paper presents the systems submitted to the STD ALBAYZIN 2014 evaluation, held as a part of the ALBAYZIN 2014 evaluation campaign within the context of the IberSPEECH 2014 conference. This is the first STD evaluation that deals with Spanish language. The evaluation consists of retrieving the speech files that contain the search terms, indicating their start and end times within the appropriate speech file, along with a score value that reflects the confidence given to the detection of the search term. The evaluation is conducted on a Spanish spontaneous speech database, which comprises a set of talks from workshops and amounts to about 7 h of speech. We present the database, the evaluation metrics, the systems submitted to the evaluation, the results, and a detailed discussion. Four different research groups took part in the evaluation. Evaluation results show reasonable performance for moderate out-of-vocabulary term rate. This paper compares the systems submitted to the evaluation and makes a deep analysis based on some search term properties (term length, in-vocabulary/out-of-vocabulary terms, single-word/multi-word terms, and in-language/foreign terms).This work has been partly supported by project CMC-V2 (TEC2012-37585-C02-01) from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. This research was also funded by the European Regional Development Fund, the Galician Regional Government (GRC2014/024, “Consolidation of Research Units: AtlantTIC Project” CN2012/160)

Factors influencing success of clinical genome sequencing across a broad spectrum of disorders

To assess factors influencing the success of whole-genome sequencing for mainstream clinical diagnosis, we sequenced 217 individuals from 156 independent cases or families across a broad spectrum of disorders in whom previous screening had identified no pathogenic variants. We quantified the number of candidate variants identified using different strategies for variant calling, filtering, annotation and prioritization. We found that jointly calling variants across samples, filtering against both local and external databases, deploying multiple annotation tools and using familial transmission above biological plausibility contributed to accuracy. Overall, we identified disease-causing variants in 21% of cases, with the proportion increasing to 34% (23/68) for mendelian disorders and 57% (8/14) in family trios. We also discovered 32 potentially clinically actionable variants in 18 genes unrelated to the referral disorder, although only 4 were ultimately considered reportable. Our results demonstrate the value of genome sequencing for routine clinical diagnosis but also highlight many outstanding challenges