Genetic Stasis of Dominant West Nile Virus Genotype, Houston, Texas

The accumulation and fixation of mutations in West Nile virus (WNV) led to the emergence of a dominant genotype throughout North America. Subsequent analysis of 44 isolates, including 19 new sequences, from Houston, Texas, suggests that WNV has reached relative genetic stasis at the local level in recent years

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI

On gravitational waves generated during inflation

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is one of the most common infectious agents related to high morbidity rates in dogs. In addition, the virus is associated with severe gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and vomiting, resulting in high death rates, especially in puppies and nonvaccinated dogs. To date, there are 3 variants of the virus (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c) circulating worldwide. In Mexico, reports describing the viral variants circulating in dog populations are lacking. In response to this deficiency, a total of 41 fecal samples of suspected dogs were collected from October 2013 through April 2014 in the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Guadalajara in western Mexico. From these, 24 samples resulted positive by polymerase chain reaction, and the viral variant was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Five positive diagnosed samples were selected for partial sequencing of the vp2 gene and codon analysis. The results demonstrated that the current dominant viral variant in Mexico is CPV-2c. The current study describes the genotyping of CPV strains, providing valuable evidence of the dominant frequency of this virus in a dog population from western Mexico. " 2014 The Author(s).",,,,,,"10.1177/1040638714559969",,,"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12104/41739","http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84919623979&partnerID=40&md5=623684c798863274066493789f9ba76

Genotyping of Canine parvovirus in western Mexico

Canine parvovirus (CPV) is one of the most common infectious agents related to high morbidity rates in dogs. In addition, the virus is associated with severe gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and vomiting, resulting in high death rates, especially in puppies and nonvaccinated dogs. To date, there are 3 variants of the virus (CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c) circulating worldwide. In Mexico, reports describing the viral variants circulating in dog populations are lacking. In response to this deficiency, a total of 41 fecal samples of suspected dogs were collected from October 2013 through April 2014 in the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Guadalajara in western Mexico. From these, 24 samples resulted positive by polymerase chain reaction, and the viral variant was determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Five positive diagnosed samples were selected for partial sequencing of the vp2 gene and codon analysis. The results demonstrated that the current dominant viral variant in Mexico is CPV-2c. The current study describes the genotyping of CPV strains, providing valuable evidence of the dominant frequency of this virus in a dog population from western Mexico. © 2014 The Author(s)

A review of the importance of research in Anatomy, an evidence-based science

Considered an absolute unchanging truth, and not research-led, human anatomy has been subject to a steady decline in course hours and funding. However, this is a misconstruction, as anatomy plays an important role in the clinical and surgical field, with the need of evidencebased data, more so now than ever. Research in anatomy not only establishes an evolutionary and functional database with variability between populations, sex, and age, but develops the tools needed for patient safety, development of prostheses, technology and surgical materials, improves interpretation of imaging studies, and provides evidence of clinical and anatomical implications. Evidence-based education is an exponentially growing field in anatomical sciences, providing the best evidence for technological and pedagogical strategies integrated in the classroom and laboratory. The gold-standard cadaveric dissections are currently only one of the wide range of educational resources available, with imaging studies and clinical scenarios playing an important role. Anatomy research needs to be continued, evolving with the generations the availability of new resources and the demands of the field. This review breaks down the available data, recommendations, and guidelines, as well as the importance behind the continuing research in anatomical sciences.</jats:p

Síndrome de trombosis con trombocitopenia asociado a vacunas de adenovirus frente a la COVID-19: Epidemiología y presentación clínica de la serie española

Resumen: Introducción: Se describen las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de los casos de síndrome de trombosis con trombocitopenia (STT) notificados en España. Métodos: Se incluyeron los casos de trombosis venosa o arterial con trombocitopenia tras recibir vacuna con vectores de adenovirus no replicantes frente a la COVID-19 (AstraZeneca y Janssen) del 1 de febrero al 26 de septiembre de 2021. Se describe la tasa de notificación (número de casos notificados/número de dosis administradas), y el análisis de casos observados vs. esperados (O/E). Se evaluaron los predictores de mortalidad. Resultados: Se notificaron 61 casos, cumpliendo 45 los criterios de elegibilidad, 82% mujeres. La tasa de notificación global fue 4/1.000.000 dosis y 14-15/1.000.000 dosis entre los 30-49 años. El número de casos de trombosis de senos cerebrales observados fue 6-18 veces superior al esperado en menores de 49 años. Los síntomas comenzaron 10 (rango intercuartílico: 7-14) días tras la vacunación. El 80% (intervalo de confianza [IC] al 95%: 65-90%) tenía trombocitopenia en el momento de su visita a urgencias y el 65% (IC 95%: 49-78%) elevación del dímero D (> 2.000 ng/mL). La trombosis fue de múltiples localizaciones en 36% y fatal en 24% de los pacientes. Un valor nadir de trombocitopenia 2,000 ng/mL. Patients had multiple location thrombosis in 36% and fatal outcome in 24% cases. A platelet nadir < 50,000/μL (odds ratio [OR]: 7.4; CI 95%: 1.2-47.5) and intracranial hemorrhage (OR: 7.9; IC 95%: 1.3-47.0) were associated with fatal outcome. Conclusion: TTS must be suspected in patients with symptoms 10 days after vaccination and thrombocytopenia and/or D-dimer increase