Information-theoretic active contour model for microscopy image segmentation using texture

High throughput technologies have increased the need for automated image analysis in a wide variety of microscopy techniques. Geometric active contour models provide a solution to automated image segmentation by incorporating statistical information in the detection of object boundaries. A statistical active contour may be defined by taking into account the optimisation of an information-theoretic measure between object and background. We focus on a product-type measure of divergence known as Cauchy-Schwartz distance which has numerical advantages over ratio-type measures. By using accurate shape derivation techniques, we define a new geometric active contour model for image segmentation combining Cauchy-Schwartz distance and Gabor energy texture filters. We demonstrate the versatility of this approach on images from the Brodatz dataset and phase-contrast microscopy images of cells

Physiological basis and image processing in functional magnetic resonance imaging: Neuronal and motor activity in brain

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is recently developing as imaging modality used for mapping hemodynamics of neuronal and motor event related tissue blood oxygen level dependence (BOLD) in terms of brain activation. Image processing is performed by segmentation and registration methods. Segmentation algorithms provide brain surface-based analysis, automated anatomical labeling of cortical fields in magnetic resonance data sets based on oxygen metabolic state. Registration algorithms provide geometric features using two or more imaging modalities to assure clinically useful neuronal and motor information of brain activation. This review article summarizes the physiological basis of fMRI signal, its origin, contrast enhancement, physical factors, anatomical labeling by segmentation, registration approaches with examples of visual and motor activity in brain. Latest developments are reviewed for clinical applications of fMRI along with other different neurophysiological and imaging modalities

Acrocallosal syndrome: report of five Turkish patients

Acrocallosal syndrome is characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, craniofacial anomalies, psychomotor retardation, and polydactyly. The clinical spectrum of this syndrome is broader than previous reports suggest Five Turkish patients including dizygotic twins are reported. (C) 2004 Lippincott Williams Wilkins

<title>Self-organizing features for regularized standardization of brain images</title>

A semi-automatic, feature-based standardization technique is proposed to complement the existing global image standardization methods. The benefits of our method are speed and accuracy in local alignment. The method consists of three phases: In phase one, templates are generated from the atlas structures, using Self-Organizing Maps (SOMs). The parameters of each SOM are determined using a new topology evaluation technique. In phase two, the atlas templates are reconfigured using points from individual features, to establish a one-to-one correspondence between the atlas and individual structures. During training, a regularization procedure can be optionally invoked to guarantee smoothness in areas where the discrepancy between the atlas and individual feature is high. In the final phase, difference vectors are generated using the corresponding points of the atlas and the individual structure. The whole image is warped by interpolation of the difference vectors through Gaussian radial basis functions, whic h are determined by minimizing a membrane energy. Results are demonstrated on selected sulci in brain MRIs

Use of modelling for development of management strategies in control of eutrophication for lake system of Mogan and Eymir

Two natural lakes named Eymir and Mogan are experiencing with eutrophication problem. Rehabilitation alternatives for the lake system have been studied in detail; suitable management and pollution prevention plans were established using an integrated system analysis and modelling approach. The effectiveness of different management scenarios have been evaluated