The EVN view of the highly variable TeV active galaxy IC 310

Very-high-energy $\gamma$-ray observations of the active galaxy IC 310 with the MAGIC telescopes have revealed fast variability with doubling time scales of less than 4.8min. This implies that the emission region in IC 310 is smaller than 20% of the gravitational radius of the central supermassive black hole with a mass of $3\times 10^8 M_\odot$, which poses serious questions on the emission mechanism and classification of this enigmatic object. We report on the first quasi-simultaneous multi-frequency VLBI observations of IC 310 conducted with the EVN. We find a blazar-like one-sided core-jet structure on parsec scales, constraining the inclination angle to be less than $\sim 20^\circ$ but very small angles are excluded to limit the de-projected length of the large-scale radio jet.Comment: 4 pages, proceedings of the 12th European VLBI Network Symposium and Users Meeting - EVN 2014, 7-10 October 2014, Cagliari, Italy. Published online in PoS, ID.10

Structural Variability of 3C 111 on Parsec Scales

We discuss the parsec-scale structural variability of the extragalactic jet 3C111 related to a major radio flux density outburst in 2007. The data analyzed were taken within the scope of the MOJAVE, UMRAO, and F-GAMMA programs, which monitor a large sample of the radio brightest compact extragalactic jets with the VLBA, the University of Michigan 26 m, the Effelsberg 100 m, and the IRAM 30m radio telescopes. The analysis of the VLBA data is performed by fitting Gaussian model components in the visibility domain. We associate the ejection of bright features in the radio jet with a major flux-density outburst in 2007. The evolution of these features suggests the formation of a leading component andmultiple trailing component

SIMULTANEOUS FITS IN ISIS ON THE EXAMPLE OF GRO J1008–57

Parallel computing and steadily increasing computation speed have led to a new tool for analyzing multiple datasets and datatypes: fitting several datasets simultaneously.  With this technique, physically connected parameters of individual data can be treated as a single parameter by implementing this connection directly into the fit. We discuss the terminology, implementation, and possible issues of simultaneous fits based on the Interactive Spectral Interpretation System (ISIS) X-ray data analysis tool. While all data modeling tools in X-ray astronomy in principle allow data to be fitted individually from multiple data sets, the syntax used in these tools is not often well suited for this task. Applying simultaneous fits to the transient X-ray binary GRO J1008–57, we find that the spectral shape is only dependent on X-ray flux. We determine time independent parameters e.g., the folding energy Efold, with unprecedented precision

Structural Variability of 3C 111 on Parsec Scales

We discuss the parsec-scale structural variability of the extragalactic jet 3C 111 related to a major radio flux density outburst in 2007, The data analyzed were taken within the scope of the MOJAVE, UMRAO, and F-GAMMA programs, which monitor a large sample of the radio brightest compact extragalactic jets with the VLBA, the University of Michigan 26 m, the Effelsberg 100 m, and the IRAM 30 m radio telescopes. The analysis of the VLBA data is performed by fitting Gaussian model components in the visibility domain, We associate the ejection of bright features in the radio jet with a major flux-density outburst in 2007, The evolution of these features suggests the formation of a leading component and multiple trailing component

SIMULTANEOUS FITS IN ISIS ON THE EXAMPLE OF GRO J1008–57

Parallel computing and steadily increasing computation speed have led to a new tool for analyzing multiple datasets and datatypes: fitting several datasets simultaneously.  With this technique, physically connected parameters of individual data can be treated as a single parameter by implementing this connection directly into the fit. We discuss the terminology, implementation, and possible issues of simultaneous fits based on the Interactive Spectral Interpretation System (ISIS) X-ray data analysis tool. While all data modeling tools in X-ray astronomy in principle allow data to be fitted individually from multiple data sets, the syntax used in these tools is not often well suited for this task. Applying simultaneous fits to the transient X-ray binary GRO J1008–57, we find that the spectral shape is only dependent on X-ray flux. We determine time independent parameters e.g., the folding energy Efold, with unprecedented precision

Presencia de enfermedades en majadas caprinas de las quebradas áridas de Jujuy y Salta

Una encuesta transversal ad hoc se llevó a cabo en 40 unidades productoras familiares (UPF) de las áridas en las provincias de Jujuy y Salta, con el objetivo de describir la presencia de enfermedades en sus majadas caprinas. Se recabaron datos del manejo general y sanitario en particular. Se procesaron sueros para el diagnóstico de brucelosis por las pruebas tamiz del antígeno bufferado en placa (BPA) y confirmadas por polarización fluorecente (FPA), para paratuberculosis (PTBC), artritis-encefalitis (CAEV), chlamydiosis, herpesvirus caprino tipo 1 (CaHV-1), fiebre Q y toxoplasmosis se utilizó ELISA indirecto y para leptospirosis microaglutinación. Se determinaron los valores de Cu2+, Zn2+, Mg2+ y Ca2+ sérico por espectofotómetría de absorción atómica. En heces, se realizó el recuento de huevos de helmintos por gramo (hpg) y la diferenciación de géneros por coprocultivo.Las UPF tuvieron en promedio 91,4±75 caprinos (sin contar cabritos), siendo el 80,9% cabras madres. La cría fue extensiva con encierre nocturno y la alimentación de la majada se basó mayormente en el pastoreo de los cerros y de cultivos y rastrojos. La parición se concentró en dos períodos, uno principal en abril-julio y una segunda parición de menor número de cabras ubicada en octubre-diciembre. El 92,3% de los productores desparasitaba en forma rutinaria toda la majada con ivermectina, albendazole o closantel y el 71,8 % trataba los piojos. En un 61,5% de las UPF se inyectaba mineralizantes-vitamínicos a toda la majada y en solo un 15,4% se vacunaba contra enfermedades clostridiales. El promedio de la tasa de mortalidad anual por majada fue del 14,2±11%. En el 86,4% de las UPF se registró la ocurrencia de abortos, y de estos el 42,9% presentó retención de placenta. El promedio intramajada de abortos comunicados fue del 8,6±8,5%. El 75% de las UPF declaró tener ectima contagioso, aunque solo el 22% dijo que era grave. Se registraron un 30,4% cuadros de muertes agudas probablemente por infecciones clostridiales. En el 72,7% de las UPF se registraron problemas de mastitis. El porcentaje de UPF con seroprevalencia positiva a brucelosis, leptospirosis, paratuberculosis, toxoplasmosis, clamidiosis, CpHV-1, CAEV y fiebre Q fue respectivamente de 0%, 25%, 50%, 42,8%, 88,8%, 85,7%, 12,5% y 0%. Las UPF destacaron la importancia de los piojos (Linognathus spp.: 87%). Los promedios de los hpg fueron en abril-mayo, julio-agosto y septiembre-noviembre respectivamente de 407, 332 y 59 con Haemonchus y en menor medida Trichostrongylus como nematodes predominantes. En el 76% de las UPF se diagnosticó Fasciolosis. El 30,8% de las UPF describió la presencia a la faena de quistes hidatídicos. En un 31% de las majadas se describió bocio. Los promedios por UPF de cobre, zinc, magnesio y calcio séricos fueron respectivamente 0,48 ±0,10 ppm, 0,73±0,16 ppm, 2,4±0,47mg/d y 7,25±2,25 mg/dl. Se describieron casos de timpanismo espumoso (43,5%), muertes (36%) atribuidas por los propietarios a la ingesta de ñusco, mio mio y sunchillo y un 38,1% de las UPF dijeron padecer casos de intoxicación con cegadera (Heterophyllaea pustulata). Un 66,7% de los propietarios declararon tener problemas de pérdidas de animales en el monte a causa mayormente de pumas. Estos primeros resultados en cuanto a mortandad y presencia de enfermedades y zoonosis, muestran la importancia de llevar a cabo estudios más específicos respecto de la salud de las majadas para incrementar la producción y el bienestar general de las familias productoras.Fil: Suarez, V. H.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Dodero, Ana Mariela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Nievas, J. D.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, G. M.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional Salta-Jujuy. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Salta; ArgentinaFil: Bertoni, E. A.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Salatin, A. O.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Viñabal, A. E.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Grossberger, G.. No especifíca;Fil: Brihuega, Bibiana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Veterinarias y Agronómicas; ArgentinaFil: Romera, Sonia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Pinto, G.. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; Argentin

The eROSITA X-ray telescope on SRG

eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) is the primary instrument on the Spectrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) mission, which was successfully launched on July 13, 2019, from the Baikonour cosmodrome. After the commissioning of the instrument and a subsequent calibration and performance verification phase, eROSITA started a survey of the entire sky on December 13, 2019. By the end of 2023, eight complete scans of the celestial sphere will have been performed, each lasting six months. At the end of this program, the eROSITA all-sky survey in the soft X-ray band (0.2-2.3 keV) will be about 25 times more sensitive than the ROSAT All-Sky Survey, while in the hard band (2.3-8 keV) it will provide the first ever true imaging survey of the sky. The eROSITA design driving science is the detection of large samples of galaxy clusters up to redshifts z > 1 in order to study the large-scale structure of the universe and test cosmological models including Dark Energy. In addition, eROSITA is expected to yield a sample of a few million AGNs, including obscured objects, revolutionizing our view of the evolution of supermassive black holes. The survey will also provide new insights into a wide range of astrophysical phenomena, including X-ray binaries, active stars, and diffuse emission within the Galaxy. Results from early observations, some of which are presented here, confirm that the performance of the instrument is able to fulfil its scientific promise. With this paper, we aim to give a concise description of the instrument, its performance as measured on ground, its operation in space, and also the first results from in-orbit measurements

Genomic view of the evolution of the complement system

The recent accumulation of genomic information of many representative animals has made it possible to trace the evolution of the complement system based on the presence or absence of each complement gene in the analyzed genomes. Genome information from a few mammals, chicken, clawed frog, a few bony fish, sea squirt, fruit fly, nematoda and sea anemone indicate that bony fish and higher vertebrates share practically the same set of complement genes. This suggests that most of the gene duplications that played an essential role in establishing the mammalian complement system had occurred by the time of the teleost/mammalian divergence around 500 million years ago (MYA). Members of most complement gene families are also present in ascidians, although they do not show a one-to-one correspondence to their counterparts in higher vertebrates, indicating that the gene duplications of each gene family occurred independently in vertebrates and ascidians. The C3 and factor B genes, but probably not the other complement genes, are present in the genome of the cnidaria and some protostomes, indicating that the origin of the central part of the complement system was established more than 1,000 MYA