Affleck-Dine Baryogenesis after Thermal Inflation

We argue that an extension of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model that gives rise to viable thermal inflation, and so does not suffer from a Polonyi/moduli problem, should contain right-handed neutrinos which acquire their masses due to the vacuum expectation value of the flaton that drives thermal inflation. This strongly disfavours SO(10) Grand Unified Theories. The $\mu$-term of the MSSM should also arise due to the vev of the flaton. With the extra assumption that $m_L^2 - m_{H_u}^2 < 0$, but of course $m_L^2 - m_{H_u}^2 + |\mu|^2 > 0$, we show that a complicated Affleck-Dine type of baryogenesis employing an $LH_u$ $D$-flat direction can naturally generate the baryon asymmetry of the Universe.Comment: 17 pages, LaTeX, 4 postscript figures, version to be published in Phys. Rev. D, new figures, references added, minor changes in the tex

Inhomogeneous baryogenesis, cosmic antimatter, and dark matter

A model of inhomogeneous baryogenesis based on the Affleck and Dine mechanism is described. A simple coupling of the scalar baryon field to the inflaton allows for formation of astronomically significant bubbles with a large baryon (or antibaryon) asymmetry. During the farther evolution these domains form compact stellar-like objects, or lower density clouds, or primordial black holes of different size. According to the scenario, such high baryonic number objects occupy relatively small fraction of space but despite that they may significantly contribute to the cosmological mass density. For some values of parameters the model allows the possibility the whole dark matter in the universe to be baryonic. Furthermore, the model allows the existence of the antibaryonic B-bubbles, i.e. a significant fraction of the mass density in the universe can be in the form of the compact antimatter objects (e.g. anti-stars).Comment: 31 pages, 5 figures, three references are adde

General treatment of isocurvature perturbations and non-Gaussianities

We present a general formalism that provides a systematic computation of the linear and non-linear perturbations for an arbitrary number of cosmological fluids in the early Universe going through various transitions, in particular the decay of some species (such as a curvaton or a modulus). Using this formalism, we revisit the question of isocurvature non-Gaussianities in the mixed inflaton-curvaton scenario and show that one can obtain significant non-Gaussianities dominated by the isocurvature mode while satisfying the present constraints on the isocurvature contribution in the observed power spectrum. We also study two-curvaton scenarios, taking into account the production of dark matter, and investigate in which cases significant non-Gaussianities can be produced.Comment: Substantial improvements with respect to the first version. In particular, we added a discussion on the confrontation of the models with future observational data. This version is accepted for publication in JCA

Gapless Magnetic and Quasiparticle Excitations due to the Coexistence of Antiferromagnetism and Superconductivity in CeRhIn5_5 : A study of 115^{115}In-NQR under Pressure

We report systematic measurements of ac-susceptibility, nuclear-quadrupole-resonance spectrum, and nuclear-spin-lattice-relaxation time ($T_1$) on the pressure ($P$)- induced heavy-fermion (HF) superconductor CeRhIn$_5$. The temperature ($T$) dependence of $1/T_1$ at $P$ = 1.6 GPa has revealed that antiferromagnetism (AFM) and superconductivity (SC) coexist microscopically, exhibiting the respective transition at $T_N = 2.8$ K and $T^{MF}_c$ = 0.9 K. It is demonstrated that SC does not yield any trace of gap opening in low-lying excitations below $T_c^{onset} = 2$ K, but $T_c^{MF} = 0.9$ K, followed by a $T_1T$ = const law. These results point to the unconventional characteristics of SC coexisting with AFM. We highlight that both of the results deserve theoretical work on the gapless nature in low-lying excitation spectrum due to the coexistence of AFM and SC and the lack of the mean-field regime below $T_c^{onset} = 2$ K.Comment: 4pages,5figures,revised versio

Mode coupling theory in the FDR-preserving field theory of interacting Brownian particles

We develop a renormalized perturbation theory for the dynamics of interacting Brownian particles, which preserves the fluctuation-dissipation relation order by order. We then show that the resulting one-loop theory gives a closed equation for the density correlation function, which is identical with that in the standard mode coupling theory.Comment: version to be published in Fast Track Communication in Journal of Physics A:Math. Theo

Critical behavior of self-assembled rigid rods on triangular and honeycomb lattices

Using Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling analysis, the critical behavior of self-assembled rigid rods on triangular and honeycomb lattices at intermediate density has been studied. The system is composed of monomers with two attractive (sticky) poles that, by decreasing temperature or increasing density, polymerize reversibly into chains with three allowed directions and, at the same time, undergo a continuous isotropic-nematic (IN) transition. The determination of the critical exponents, along with the behavior of Binder cumulants, indicate that the IN transition belongs to the q=1 Potts universality class.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure

New Superconducting and Magnetic Phases Emerge on the Verge of Antiferromagnetism in CeIn3_3

We report the discovery of new superconducting and novel magnetic phases in CeIn$_3$ on the verge of antiferromagnetism (AFM) under pressure ($P$) through the In-nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements. We have found a $P$-induced phase separation of AFM and paramagnetism (PM) without any trace for a quantum phase transition in CeIn$_3$. A new type of superconductivity (SC) was found in $P=2.28-2.5$ GPa to coexist with AFM that is magnetically separated from PM where the heavy fermion SC takes place. We propose that the magnetic excitations such as spin-density fluctuations induced by the first-order magnetic phase transition might mediate attractive interaction to form Cooper pairs.Comment: 4 pages, 4 EPS figures, submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jp

Non-Gaussianity from Baryon Asymmetry

We study a scenario that large non-Gaussianity arises from the baryon asymmetry of the Universe. There are baryogenesis scenarios containing a light scalar field, which may result in baryonic isocurvature perturbations with some amount of non-Gaussianity. As an explicit example we consider the Affleck-Dine mechanism and show that a flat direction of the supersymmeteric standard model can generate large non-Gaussianity in the curvature perturbations, satisfying the observational constraints on the baryonic isocurvature perturbations. The sign of a non-linearity parameter, f_{NL}, is negative, if the Affleck-Dine mechanism accounts for the observed baryon asymmetry; otherwise it can be either positive or negative.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figures; minor correction, references added; version to appear in JCA

Spectrum of Background X-rays from Moduli Dark Matter

We examine the $X$-ray spectrum from the decay of the dark-matter moduli with mass $\sim {\cal O}(100)$keV, in particular, paying attention to the line spectrum from the moduli trapped in the halo of our galaxy. It is found that with the energy resolution of the current experiments ($\sim 10$%) the line intensity is about twice stronger than that of the continuum spectrum from the moduli that spread in the whole universe. Therefore, in the future experiments with higher energy resolutions it may be possible to detect such line photons. We also investigate the $\gamma$-ray spectrum emitted from the decay of the multi-GeV moduli. It is shown that the emitted photons may form MeV-bump in the $\gamma$-ray spectrum. We also find that if the modulus mass is of the order of 10 GeV, the emitted photons at the peak of the continuum spectrum loses their energy by the scattering and the shape of the spectrum is significantly changed, which makes the constraint weaker than that obtained in the previous works.Comment: 14 pages (RevTeX file) including four postscript figures, reviced version to be published in Physical Review