MAGNETOELECTRIC EFFECTS IN FERROMAGNETIC/PIEZOELECTRIC MULTILAYER COMPOSITES

The observation of strong magnetoelectric effects is reported in thick film bilayers and multilayers of ferrite-lead titanate zirconate (PZT) and lanthanum nanganite-PZT. The ferrites used in our studies included pure and zinc substituted cobalt-, nickel- and lithium ferrites. Samples were prepared by sintering 10-40 µm thick films obtained by tape-casting. Measurements of ME voltage coefficients at 10-1000 Hz indicated a giant ME effect in nickel ferrite-PZT, but a relatively weak coupling in other ferrite-PZT and manganite-PZT systems. Multilayers prepared by hot pressing was found to show a higher ME coefficient than sintered samples. Evidence was found for enhancement in ME coefficients when Zn was substituted in ferrites. The Zn-assisted increase was attributed to low anisotropy and high permeability that resulted in favorable magneto-mechanical coupling in the composites. We analyzed the data in terms of our recent comprehensive theory that takes into account actual interface conditions by introducing an interface coupling parameter. Theoretical longitudinal and transverse ME voltage coefficients for unclamped and clamped samples are in general agreement with data. From the analysis we inferred excellent interface coupling for nickel zinc ferrite-PZT and weak coupling for other layered systems

Prevalence Of Three Rooted Primary Mandibular Molars In Children Visiting A University Hospital In Chennai - A Retrospective Study

Awareness and knowledge of the presence of accessory roots and variation in the root canal morphology in primary mandibular molars are essential to determine the positive outcome of the treatment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the presence of three rooted primary mandibular molars in children of Chennai population.This study was designed as a retrospective study, conducted among patients who reported to the University dental hospital.Subjects aged 2 to 10 years of chennai population, subjects who underwent endodontic procedures with complete data were included in this study. Subjects of other regions were excluded from this study.Data was collected and tabulated in excel. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistical Analyzer(23.0 version).Frequency distribution and descriptive analysis were carried out. The association between the variables was analysed and assessed using Pearson Chi-square test.p value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.The total occurrence of there rooted primary mandibular molars among the study subjects was found to be 0.8% among different age as well as gender.Prevalence of three rooted primary mandibular molars was found to be higher in males compared to females among the study population

THERAPEUTIC EFFECTIVENESS OF A SIDDHA FORMULATION NILAVAAGAI CHOORANAM: A REVIEW

Siddha system of medicine is one of the ancient systems of medicine practiced among Tamil speaking community particularly in southern parts of India. The medicine in this system prepared from raw drugs which is obtained from herbals, mineral, metals and animal products. “Nilavaagaichooranam” is one of the Sastric Siddha herbo-mineral preparation with ingredients of 18 herbal and one mineral ingredient. It is used to treat the skin disorders particularly for “Karappan (Eczema)”. This review is aimed to bring out scientific evidence for the therapeutic usuage of “Nilavaagaichooranam” in skin disorders particularly in Karappan (Eczema) and focused on the pharmacological activity responsible for the curative nature of the drug in Karappan (Eczema). Most of the raw drugs used for the preparation of Nilavaagai chooranam have antihistamine activity, anti-inflammatory activity, immunomodulatory activity hence justifying its usage in Karappan (Eczema)

Analysis Of Factors Associated With Dental Caries In Children Aged 6-12 Years Visiting A Private Dental Hospital

Dental caries is the most common oral health disease of school aged children around the world. In the present study we aimed to analyse the factors associated with dental caries among 6 to 12 years old children visiting Private Dental Hospital.This study was designed as a retrospective study, conducted among patients who reported to the University Hospital.Subjects of age group 6-12 years, patient records with complete data were included in this study.Medically compromised patients and patients records with incomplete data were excluded from this study.Data was collected and tabulated in Excel and Data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistical Analyser(23.0 version).Frequency distribution and descriptive analysis were carried out.The association between the variables was analysed and assessed using Chi-square test.p value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Mean decay value was found to be higher in 6 years old and Mean DMFT value was found to be higher in 9 years old.These mean differences were statistically significant.Increased prevalence of dental caries was most commonly seen in maxillary molars and least in maxillary canines.Prevalence of dental caries was observed to be higher in children with more sugar consumption and irregular oral hygiene practices.Dietary factors and oral Hygiene habits play significant roles in the prevalence of dental caries among school children

An Economic Analysis on Production of Grapes in Theni District of Tamilnadu

This study was mainly concentrated on grape production. The results of analysis would throw light on the extent of cost and returns of grape cultivation, constraints faced by farmers ranked using Garett’s ranking technique. The cost and return of the grape farm per acre were analyzed and the average total cost was worked out to Rs.73,815.45 per acre and the average gross return was Rs 1,20,290 per acre.The result of the study indicates that grape cultivation is highly profitable and the benefit cost ratio was more than one (1.6). The major constraints faced by the sample farmers in the cultivation of grapes were pest attack followed by weeds, water shortage, credit availability and lack of input availability. The results would help the policy makers in formulating suitable programs and devising strategy for increasing production of grapes in Tamil Nadu

Isolation, characterization and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of haemophilus influenzae in a Tertiary care hospital

Haemophilus influenza is strictly a human pathogen responsible for many diseases like community acquired pneumonia, meningitis, sinusitis, epiglottitis and otitis media. Haemophilus type b is the most common strain responsible for all the infections. Non type able strains are at emerging risk. Ampicillin resistance is being reported and is due to production of betalactamases. Ampicillin resistance is being reported and is due to production of betalactamase, but rarely can also be due to aminoacid substitutions in the Penicillin binding proteins (PBP) which is known as BLNAR Out of 103 Haemophilus influenzae isolates, majority of them were isolated from elderly male patients (49%) and show higher incidence during the winter months. Due to the vaccination available against type b Haemophilus influenzae, Non type b Haemophilus influenzae shows higher risk (67%) when compared to type b (33%). None of the cases of type b is seen in children below 5 years of age. Haemophilus influenzae shows higher sensitivity pattern to ceftriaxone (91%), Azithromycin (96%)and Tetracycline (97%). There is no difference in the susceptibility to drugs between type b and Non type b isolates. Beta lactamase positive H. influenzae were seen in 15 isolates. Out of them, 13 showed TEM-1 beta lactamase gene by PCR

Finding the Link Between Cyberbullying and Suicidal Behavior Among School Going Adolescents

Background: Studies have shown that cyberbullying or online bullying has increased the risk of suicidal thoughts and suicidal behaviours. Although suicide or suicidal behaviours are not directly related to cyberbullying it can be said that cyberbullying increases depression rates and feelings of isolation which end up in suicidal calls. This research aims to understand the nexus between cyberbullying and suicidal behaviour. Methods and materials: A self-administered and anonymous online questionnaire was used to survey 410 higher secondary school adolescents aged 16 to 18 and the data analysis has been carried out by statistical analysis with the help of IBM-SPSS software of version 22.  Results: The findings of the results have revealed that cyberbullying was more prevalent among the respondents than cyber victimization. There was a small fraction of the population that said that they had undergone suicidal behaviour due to cyberbullying. Between text messaging and multimedia messaging, the best platform for cyberbullying was multimedia messaging. The reason behind this was its usage around the world, its popularity, and its ease. Teenagers over the age of 17 years have reported the highest percentage share for suicide rates and most of them were female. Conclusion: It can be concluded that cyber bullying is a threat to those girls who is currently studying in 11th standard and or age 17 years whose parents are separated or not living together

AUTONOMOUS PIPELINE ROBOT

ABSTRACT Crack inspection is an important task in the maintenance of pipe line and it is closel

A cross-sectional study on knowledge and perception about preventive strategies of selected vector-borne diseases among the rural population of coastal Karnataka

Background and Objectives: Malaria and other vector-borne diseases (Dengue, Chikungunya and Filariasis) are a major public health problem in WHO’s South-East Asia Region. Due to the growing resistance to pesticides and drugs, there is a need to set up integrated vector management strategies. These strategies should involve local communities in managing the environment to decrease the health risks and increase the sustainability of programmes to control these vector-borne diseases. Hence, an important step in disease management is educating the local community regarding vector-borne diseases and their prevention. Objectives: To assess the Knowledge & perception regarding preventive strategies of selected vector-borne diseases among the study population. Methods: This study was conducted in two selected villages. A cross-sectional study design was used with a sample size of 966. A questionnaire method was used to collect the data. Results: Around 46.5% of them had good knowledge regarding preventive strategies of vector-borne diseases. Whereas, Around 42.2% and 40% of the population had average perception and high perception respectively. Conclusion: Even though only half of the population had good knowledge regarding preventive strategies for vector-borne diseases. Most of them had average to high perceptions about preventive strategies. Hence to increase their knowledge many camps and health education activities should be conducted on vector-borne diseases and should mainly emphasize community participation to increase their awareness. So that it leads to better practice which in turn will lead to a decrease in vector-borne diseases