Uma ação sinérgica por direitos reprodutivos: uma história sem fim

No Brasil, os direitos reprodutivos estão previstos em legislação nacional e normativas do Ministério da Saúde, devendo ser objeto de políticas públicas, e também uma agenda do movimento de mulheres desde os anos 1970. O planejamento familiar integra essas políticas, tendo como base os princípios da não coerção e escolha informada e responsável, implicando em parâmetros éticos. O Conselho Municipal de Saúde de Porto Alegre, mecanismo instituído por lei para exercer o controle social sobre essas políticas, foi instado em 2006 a assegurar os parâmetros éticos e legais quando um programa de implantes hormonais em adolescentes foi autorizado pela prefeitura sem debate no Conselho. A proposta deste artigo é refletir a partir da Ciência Política e do Feminismo sobre as estratégias utilizadas pelo movimento de mulheres para a reversão desse programa, suas alianças e argumentos, bem como as lições aprendidas. Como resultado se obteve a reversão do programa de implantes e o reposionamento do Conselho como órgão deliberativo da política de saúde.In Brazil, reproductive rights are provided for a national legislation and regulations of the Ministry of Health, should be the object of public policy, and is an agenda of women's movement since 1970 decade. Family planning integrates these policies, based on the principles of non-coercion, informed choice and responsible, resulting in ethical standards. The health council of Porto Alegre, a mechanism established by law to exercise social control over those policies, was asked in 2006 to ensure the ethical and legal parameters when a program of hormone implants in adolescents has been authorized by the city without a debate in the Council. The purpose of this paper is to discuss, from the Political Science and Feminist Theory the strategies used by the feminist movement for the reversal of this program, its alliances and arguments, as well as lessons learned. As a result is has obtained the reversal of the implants program and the deliberative body of the Health Council on health public policy

Intake, digestibility and feeding behaviour of grazing dairy cows supplemented with common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) residue

Context In Brazil, dairy cattle pasture-based systems use grass pasture as the main feed source, with little or no supplementation. However, it is necessary to invest in nutritional technologies that allow dairy cattle systems to produce milk with a high protein and energy content, and better total bacterial counts at low costs. Aims This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding a common bean residue (CBR) to cattle diets on feed intake, digestibility and feeding behaviour of lactating dairy cows. Methods Eight lactating Holstein × Zebu crossbred cows, with an average bodyweight of 500 ± 30 kg (mean ± s.d.) and a mean daily milk yield of 13 ± 2 kg/cow were randomly assigned in a double 4 × 4 Latin square. The treatments consisted of four increasing levels of CBR (134, 240, 348 and 449 g/kg) in the concentrate. Key results The inclusion of CBR linearly decreased (P ≤ 0.034) the DM intake and neutral detergent fibre intake of pasture, sugarcane and the total diet. The inclusion of CBR did not affect (P ≥ 0.111) grazing, rumination or idle time. The feeding efficiency in kg DM/h and kg neutral detergent fibre corrected for ash and protein/h linearly decreased (P &amp;lt; 0.001), with an estimated decrease of 39.1 and 23.4 g/h respectively for every 10 g/kg of CBR added to the concentrate. The number of boluses per day and the time spent per ruminated bolus were not affected (P ≥ 0.086) by CBR inclusion. Conclusions The results obtained in this study indicate that the inclusion of up to 240 g/kg of CBR to the diets of lactating dairy cows with a mean daily milk yield of 13 kg, managed on pastures, is recommended. Implications The use of CBR, which has high availability in several countries, may be an alternative to supplying small ruminants. </jats:p

Oscillatory Pattern of Sympathetic Nerve Bursts Is Associated With Baroreflex Function in Heart Failure Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction

Sympathetic hyperactivation and baroreflex dysfunction are hallmarks of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, it is unknown whether the progressive loss of phasic activity of sympathetic nerve bursts is associated with baroreflex dysfunction in HFrEF patients. Therefore, we investigated the association between the oscillatory pattern of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (LFMSNA/HFMSNA) and the gain and coupling of the sympathetic baroreflex function in HFrEF patients. In a sample of 139 HFrEF patients, two groups were selected according to the level of LFMSNA/HFMSNA index: (1) Lower LFMSNA/HFMSNA (lower terciles, n = 46, aged 53 ± 1 y) and (2) Higher LFMSNA/HFMSNA (upper terciles, n = 47, aged 52 ± 2 y). Heart rate (ECG), arterial pressure (oscillometric method), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (microneurography) were recorded for 10 min in patients while resting. Spectral analysis of muscle sympathetic nerve activity was conducted to assess the LFMSNA/HFMSNA, and cross-spectral analysis between diastolic arterial pressure, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity was conducted to assess the sympathetic baroreflex function. HFrEF patients with lower LFMSNA/HFMSNA had reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (26 ± 1 vs. 29 ± 1%, P = 0.03), gain (0.15 ± 0.03 vs. 0.30 ± 0.04 a.u./mmHg, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and coupling of sympathetic baroreflex function (0.26 ± 0.03 vs. 0.56 ± 0.04%, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and increased muscle sympathetic nerve activity (48 ± 2 vs. 41 ± 2 bursts/min, P &amp;lt; 0.01) and heart rate (71 ± 2 vs. 61 ± 2 bpm, P &amp;lt; 0.001) compared with HFrEF patients with higher LFMSNA/HFMSNA. Further analysis showed an association between the LFMSNA/HFMSNA with coupling of sympathetic baroreflex function (R = 0.56, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and left ventricular ejection fraction (R = 0.23, P = 0.02). In conclusion, there is a direct association between LFMSNA/HFMSNA and sympathetic baroreflex function and muscle sympathetic nerve activity in HFrEF patients. This finding has clinical implications, because left ventricular ejection fraction is less in the HFrEF patients with lower LFMSNA/HFMSNA.</jats:p

Contemporâneo clássico: a recepção de Pierre Bourdieu no Brasil

O Brasil foi um dos casos pioneiros na recep&#231;&#227;o internacional de Pierre Bourdieu, soci&#243;logo que, desde a d&#233;cada de 1990, tornou-se um dos mais citados em todo o pa&#237;s. Essa quest&#227;o &#233; discutida articulando-se duas s&#233;ries hist&#243;ricas: a produ&#231;&#227;o e consagra&#231;&#227;o da obra de Bourdieu a partir da Fran&#231;a e a din&#226;mica da institucionaliza&#231;&#227;o das ci&#234;ncias sociais no Brasil. Desde o final dos anos de 1960, a circula&#231;&#227;o de pesquisadores brasileiros na Fran&#231;a aumentou consideravelmente, e alguns deles se constitu&#237;ram em importantes mediadores da recep&#231;&#227;o de Bourdieu no Brasil; suas trajet&#243;rias e os pap&#233;is desempenhados s&#227;o avaliados neste artigo. Inicialmente recebido como um dos autores contempor&#226;neos mais propensos &#224; renova&#231;&#227;o te&#243;rica e metodol&#243;gica das ci&#234;ncias sociais nas d&#233;cadas de 1970/80, o autor seria institu&#237;do, a partir da d&#233;cada de 1990, como refer&#234;ncia obrigat&#243;ria, a despeito das resist&#234;ncias que suscitou