Cutting Parameters Effects on Surface Roughness During End Milling of Aluminium 6061 Alloy Under Dry Machining Operation

In this project an experimental investigation of the cutting parameters effects on surface roughness during end milling of aluminium 6061 under dry machining operation was carried out. The experiments were carried out to investigate surface quality of the four machined parameters and to developed mathematical models using least square approximation techniques. Spindle speed (N), axial depth of cut (a) radial depth of cut (r) and feed rate (f), has been chosen as input variables in order to predict surface roughness. The experiment was designed by using central composite design (CCD) in which 30 samples were run in a CNC milling machine. Each of the experimental result was measured using Press-o-firm and Mitutoyo surface tester. After the predicted surface roughness values have been obtained the average percentage errors were calculated. The mathematical model developed by using least square approximation method shows accuracy of 91% which is reasonably reliable for surface roughness prediction. With the obtained optimum input parameters for surface roughness, production operations will be enhanced

Recent Results From the EU POF-PLUS Project: Multi-Gigabit Transmission Over 1 mm Core Diameter Plastic Optical Fibers

Recent activity to achieve multi-gigabit transmission over 1 mm core diameter graded-index and step-index plastic optical fibers for distances up to 50 meters is reported in this paper. By employing a simple intensity-modulated direct-detection system with pulse amplitude or digital multi-tone modulation techniques, low-cost transceivers and easy to install large-core POFs, it is demonstrated that multi-gigabit transmission up to 10 Gbit/s over 1-mm core diameter POF infrastructure is feasible. The results presented in this paper were obtained in the EU FP7 POF-PLUS project, which focused on applications in different scenarios, such as in next-generation in-building residential networks and in datacom applications

Investigating the cyclic breaking of butyl-, methyland ethyl-biodiesel from waste vegetable oil using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry

The main advantage of biodiesel to fossil-diesel is attributed to the ester functional group in its structure. Many researchers have affirmed that the functional group assists the diesel engine to function at its peak. However, the efficiency of the biodiesel to keep the mechanical piston-strokes in the diesel engine is experimentally presumed low especially if the engine works for a long time. In this research, it was proposed that the cyclic break down of the ester functional group of biodiesel is a major disadvantage. Butanol, ethanol and methanol biodiesel were produced in the laboratory using waste vegetable oil from restaurant. The Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy or spectrophotometer (UV–Vis) was used to investigate the cyclic break down in the Butyl-, Methyl- and Ethyl- biodiesel. The Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy or spectrophotometer (UV–Vis) was used to probe the various biodiesel samples with a start and stop wavelength of 500 and 900 nm respectively. The wavelength interval was 1 nm at a high scanning speed. Between 500–550 and 800–850 nm, the Ethyl- and Butyl- biodiesel had an absorbance of 2.7 and 1.6 respectively with 3 peaks each. Methyl-biodiesel had the highest absorbance of 1.7 at 600–650 nm with 1 peak. The computational extrapolation of all outcomes affirms that cyclic breaking is highest in Butylbiodiesel. The most resilient biodiesel type was the Ethyl-biodiesel. However, it was recommended that cyclic breaking may be preserved by ratio-mixing of biodiesel with fossil-diesel

Gender and corruption in Nigerian politics

This article explores the relationships, or the lack thereof, between gender and grand corruption in Nigeria. Methodologically, Butler’s theory of subject formation/performativity, and Kothari’s critique of participation, was used to interrogate selected Nigerian grand corruption literature and public indictment records. The objective was to tease-out and explain under-emphasized influences on grand corruption, such as the roles of godfathers, women’s political socialization and self-interests. Findings indicate that powerful political, cultural, military and industrial godfathers and mothers regulate aspirants’ selection, electoral funding, appointments and extraconstitutional protection from prosecution when they engage in grand corruption. Godfathers regulate political participation in a manner that encourage protégées fantasies about, and imitative adoption of their patrons’ corrupt worldviews and practices. Consequently, godfather political socialization, extra-constitutional pressures on office holders, and crass materialist accumulation interests of indicted female leaders seem to matter more than the gender binary.Keywords: Nigeria; Godfathers; Subjection; Gender; Corruptio

Physical activity attitudes, intentions and behaviour among 18-25 year olds: a mixed method study

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Feasibility of upright patient positioning and intubation success rates at two academic emergency departments

Objectives Endotracheal intubation is most commonly taught and performed in the supine position. Recent literature suggests that elevating the patient's head to a more upright position may decrease peri-intubation complications. However, there is little data on the feasibility of upright intubation in the emergency department. The goal of this study was to measure the success rate of emergency medicine residents performing intubation in supine and non-supine, including upright positions. Methods This was a prospective observational study. Residents performing intubation recorded the angle of the head of the bed. The number of attempts required for successful intubation was recorded by faculty and espiratory therapists. The primary outcome of first past success was calculated with respect to three groups: 0–10° (supine), 11–44° (inclined), and ≥ 45° (upright); first past success was also analyzed in 5 degree angle increments. Results A total of 231 intubations performed by 58 residents were analyzed. First pass success was 65.8% for the supine group, 77.9% for the inclined group, and 85.6% for the upright group (p = 0.024). For every 5 degree increase in angle, there was increased likelihood of first pass success (AOR = 1.11; 95% CI = 1.01–1.22, p = 0.043). Conclusions In our study emergency medicine residents had a high rate of success intubating in the upright position. While this does not demonstrate causation, it correlates with recent literature challenging the traditional supine approach to intubation and indicates that further investigation into optimal positioning during emergency department intubations is warranted

RETHINKING LINEAR ACCOUNTS OF TRANSACTIONAL SEX IN LITERATURE WITH STRUCTURATION THEORY…. FEMALE NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS AS A CASE STUDY

Dominant transactional sex literature attribute Nigerian female university students’ engagement in transactional sex to mostly their structures. In contrast, this thesis argues that both structure and agency are instantaneously implicated in transactional sex. To corroborate this stance, Giddens’ structural duality construct is adapted to Stones’ reconstruction of structuration theory for empirical research and used to interrogate, synthesize and re-orientate Nigerian transactional sex literature. Based on the analytical device of the students’ context and conduct analysis, findings strongly indicate that components of the students’ analytical external structure, such as gender structure, patterns their internal structure or habitus, such as their sexual scripts, which suggests that women depend on men for financial and material security in exchange for sex. The students’ own knowledgeability about, and orientation toward transactional sex in turn, informs their agencies or active engagement in transactional sex, which produces intended outcomes, such as the students’ acquisition of luxury goods, which enhances their social status on campus, and/or unintended outcomes, such as poor grades. These outcomes filter back into society through socialisation, peer ideologies and adaptation, which (un)intentionally renews the transactional sex structuration cycle. Essentially, findings corroborate this thesis claim that structure and agency are simultaneously implicated in female Nigerian university students’ transactional sex – in a manner that grants neither structure nor agency instigative primacy

Cross-over study of novice intubators performing endotracheal intubation in an upright versus supine position

There are a number of potential physical advantages to performing orotracheal intubation in an upright position. The objective of this study was to measure the success of intubation of a simulated patient in an upright versus supine position by novice intubators after brief training. This was a cross-over design study in which learners (medical students, physician assistant students, and paramedic students) intubated mannequins in both a supine (head of the bed at 0°) and upright (head of bed elevated at 45°) position. The primary outcome of interest was successful intubation of the trachea. Secondary outcomes included log time to intubation, Cormack–Lehane view obtained, Percent of Glottic Opening score, provider assessment of difficulty, and overall provider satisfaction with the position. There were a total of 126 participants: 34 medical students, 84 physician assistant students, and 8 paramedic students. Successful tracheal intubation was achieved in 114 supine attempts (90.5 %) and 123 upright attempts (97.6 %; P = 0.283). Upright positioning was associated with significantly faster log time to intubation, higher likelihood of achieving Grade I Cormack–Lehane view, higher Percent of Glottic Opening score, lower perceived difficulty, and higher provider satisfaction. A subset of 74 participants had no previous intubation training or experience. For these providers, there was a non-significant trend toward improved intubation success with upright positioning vs supine positioning (98.6 % vs. 87.8 %, P = 0.283). For all secondary outcomes in this group, upright positioning significantly outperformed supine positioning

The Isuochi Artisans: Implications of Traditional Arts and Crafts of Isuochi People for Tourism Development in Abia State, Nigeria

Man overtime has demonstrated good knowledge of her environment, and as such explores environmental resources in other to satisfy his needs. Isuochi is a community in Umunneochi Local Government Area of Abia State that is known to possess skills, which remained distinct with them especially in traditional arts and crafts industries. These artisans are resourceful and productive and are now almost self-sufficient people. However, traditional arts and crafts are gradually going into extinction for two reasons. First, the youths often migrate to urban areas in search of white-collar jobs and thus, the art is left solely in the hands of aged and elderly persons. Secondary, imported and second-hand materials, as well as their cheapness, has made most people not to patronise local crafts. These factors among others gave rise to our interest in documenting the traditional arts and crafts of Isuochi. It is believed that if not documented, over time, the arts would only be remembered in myths and stories as in some African phenomenon. To successfully prosecute the study, ethnographic research method was employed. The researchers also used participant-as-observer. Here, the intents and purpose of the study were made known to local craftsmen work and relevant questions useful for achieving the research objectives were asked. Enlightened Isuochi elders were also interviewed. This paper, therefore, attempts to examine the traditional arts and crafts industries in Isuochi with a view to understanding their implications for tourism development. Keywords: Traditional arts and crafts, Isuochi artisans, Tourism development. DOI: 10.7176/JTHS/47-01 Publication date: February 29th 202