New physics, the cosmic ray spectrum knee, and pppp cross section measurements

We explore the possibility that a new physics interaction can provide an explanation for the knee just above $10^6$ GeV in the cosmic ray spectrum. We model the new physics modifications to the total proton-proton cross section with an incoherent term that allows for missing energy above the scale of new physics. We add the constraint that the new physics must also be consistent with published $pp$ cross section measurements, using cosmic ray observations, an order of magnitude and more above the knee. We find that the rise in cross section required at energies above the knee is radical. The increase in cross section suggests that it may be more appropriate to treat the scattering process in the black disc limit at such high energies. In this case there may be no clean separation between the standard model and new physics contributions to the total cross section. We model the missing energy in this limit and find a good fit to the Tibet III cosmic ray flux data. We comment on testing the new physics proposal for the cosmic ray knee at the Large Hadron Collider.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure

Robots, Everlasting? A Framework for Classifying CS Educational Robots

Educational robots are an exciting and growing field. While some (Lego Mindstorms, for example) have been around for decades, most are only a few years old and their durability is untested; exacerbating this are those only usable with apps, that may become suddenly unavailable. This has created a nascent but significant problem: schools investing significant time and money for educational robots with little ability to know if they will work for years or just days. Other fields in science, technology, education, and math (STEM) beyond computer science also encounter this issue as more educational robots and apps for those disciplines permeate the market. While this chapter analyzes this issue from a CS perspective, the lessons learned can be applied to other STEM areas. This chapter explores the history of the problem, documents several examples of devices that have succumbed, details the unique and specific needs of school customers, and introduces the Computer Science Risk Analysis Framework for Toys (CS RAFT) to help teachers and schools evaluate a device purchase based on a holistic understanding of device longevity. This study will also provide recommendations for CS and STEM educational robot designers

Automatic Shooting Scoring System Based on Image Processing

Abstract Today, many shooting venue that held shooting training used conventional methods to accumulate shooting scores. These conventional methods for shooting training will need more time and resources to do such a task. These paper describes an automatic shooting scoring system based on image processing for live shooting session. A camera is mounted in front of shooting target frame to capture every single shoot image. We use several image processing algorithms such as target ring detection, perspective transform, image subtraction, as well as morphological image processing. Contour detection method is used to perform a perspective transform, obtaining circle diameter and center circle position by using bounding box function by extracting detected contour and bullet hole position. Our experimental results, show that the accuracy of our method is 91%, based on the experiment by using a tiny circle sticker with a diameter of 7.62mm to simulate as a bullet hole image. We use 10 target sheets which there are 10 bullet hole images using circle sticker in each captured target sheet image.</jats:p

Simulasi Kebijakan Penambahan Areal Tanam dan Peningkatan Produktivitas dalam Mendukung Tercapainya Swasembada Jagung

Corn is one of five main commodities that is expected to achieve self-sufficiency at the end of RPJMN 2019. However, the gap between supply and demand capacities was still quite large, so that imports are still conducted. The government through the Ministry of Agriculture issued a self-sufficiency policy through extensification and intensification, with the scenario of Planting Areas increase (PAT) of up to 3 million Ha, and productivity increase of up to 53.18 Ku/Ha. This study aims to: (1) measure the achievement of national corn self-sufficiency by establishing a model of national corn availability dynamic system before and after the self-sufficiency policy; (2) develop some policy alternatives for corn self-sufficiency. This article used a dynamic system approach based on secondary data from the Ministry of Agriculture and BPS, determined dynamic hypotheses and systems models, made causal loop diagrams, calculated stock flow diagrams, and validated and verified the models. The results of validation and verification illustrated that the model was made in accordance with the actual conditions that exist. The simulation results showed that increasing the cropping index can continuously achieve maize self-sufficiency until 2019, as well as the scenario of realistic, optimistic extensification (PAT) and the combination of realistic and intensification

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL PENGEMBANGAN USAHA KECIL MENENGAH (UKM) NATA DE COCO DI SUMEDANG, JAWA BARAT

Analisis kelayakan finansial dilakukan untuk membantu UKM Aneka Sari menelaah kelayakan usaha pengembangan Nata De Coco yang akan dijalankan. Beberapa hal yang dikaji dalam analisis ini antara lain adalah biaya investasi dan produksi, harga pokok penjualan, dan kriteria kelayakan usaha yang meliputi Break Even Point (BEP), Net Present Value (NPV), Payback Period (PP), Incremental Rate of Return (IRR) dan Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR). Hasil perhitungan menunjukan bahwa kelayakan finansial UKM Aneka Sari. akan tercapai pada BEP dengan mpenjualan produk Nata De Coco sebanyak 15.560 kg atau senilai Rp. 21.783.556 setiap bulannya; NPV senilai Rp 119.278.467,41; Payback Periode selama 2 tahun 9 bulan; IRR senilai 71,2 % ; BCR 1.13 di pada tahun pertama dan 1,45 pada tahun kedua dan ketiga. Kata kunci: Pengembangan UKM, Analisis kelayakan finansial, Kriteria kelayakan