Importance of water quality in marine life cage culture

Water quality in marine life cage culture is one of the most important factors that determine production and mortality. Choice of site for marine cage culture is of paramount importance since; it not only affects water quality but also greatly influences the economic viability. Once the site is selected for marine cage culture, there is little that can be done to improve the site, if water exchange is poor

Water and sediment quality management in aquaculture - Winter school on recent advances in diagnosis and management of diseases in mariculture, 7th to 27th November 2002, Course Manual

Water Quality in aquaculture encompasses all physical, chemical and biological variables that affect aquaculture production. The aquatic environment is a c6mplex dynamic system. It is subject to constant physicochemical changes due to natural causes and man's activities. The slightest deviation from the optimal level may result in stress to the cultured organisms. Stress elicits a series of physiological and behavioral responses in the organisms.If prolonged, the stress may lead to poor growth, reproductive failures besides rendering them susceptible to diseases. Most pond management procedures are aimed at improving the water quality

Sediment analysis

Air dry soil should be ground to pass through a 0.5 mm sieve. A 2.5 g soil sample is suspended in 50 ml of NaHCO3 solution of pH 8.5 along with 1 teaspoon of carbon black. Fine suspension is shaken for a period of 30 minutes. The solution is filtered through a Whatman No.40 or other suitable filter paper. A 5 ml aliquot of clear filtrate is pipetted in to 25 ml vol. flask. A volume of 5ml acid molybdate is added and the flask is allowed to stand for the generation of CO2. After that add 10 ml distilled water, then 1 ml stannous chloride (working solution), by immediate shaking and make up the volume to 25 ml and mix thoroughly. Prepare a blank as above and read the intensity of colour developed, at 660 nm, after 10 minutes and within 20 minutes

Sediment and water characteristics of selected prawn farming sites at Cochin during premonsoon months

This paper deals with the studies on sediment and water characteristics of selected shrimp farming ponds located at Puthuvyppu and Valappu villages of Vypeen in the vicinity of Cochin carried out during premonsoon period (March-May 2001). Areawise distribution of sediment and water characteristics revealed that smaller and medium sized ponds were relatively more fertile than the larger sized ponds. Overall mean values of nutrients in sediment and water indicated that ponds at Puthuvyppu village (with high tidal influence) were relatively more fertile than those ponds at Valappu. TSS and primary productivity values also showed the same trend. Highly significant positive correlation was observed between clay and silt, organic carbon and available potassium, nitrite-N in sediment and water, salinity and TSS and water pH and dissolved oxygen

Training manual on phytoplankton identification/taxonomy

The term 'plankton' was coined by Victor Hensen in 1887, denotes collectively all free floating and suspended bodies, both plants and animals, living or dead, that essentially move passively in a body of water. The phytoplankters are the microscopic plant life of the sea, which constitute the primary producers synthesizing the basic food. It belongs to the class Algae, which besides chlorophylls posses other characteristic pigments. The important components of phytoplankton are Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae), Dinoflagellates (Dinophyceae), Blue-green algae (Cyanophyceae), Phytoflagellates (Xanthophyceae, Chrysophyceae, Haptophyceae, Cryptophyceae) and Nannoplankters (Chlorella, Nannochloropsis etc.). In addition to these, two other Classes namely Silicoflagellates and Coccolithophores also belong to the category of phytoplankton

Culture of live feed organisms

In any maricuUure practice, availability of seed is one of the prime requisites for sustaining growth, development and to make the activity viable ecologically and economically. As the natural source of seed is often beset with environmental / conservational problems, the dependable source is production through hatchery techniques. Uninterrupted production and supply of live feeds alone can sustain hatchery operations and to feed the emerging larvae or post larvae with different feed requirements at different stages of development / growth. Technologies developed by CMFRl in this line are given in this paper. The method of culturing important live feed organisms such as micro-algae, rotifers, cladocerans and Artemia salina along with their harvesting and preservation are briefly described in this accoun

Is the Scyphozoan jellyfish Lychnorhiza malayensis symbiotically associated with the crucifix crab Charybdis feriatus?

Scyphozoan jellyfish (Medusae), the gelatinous invertebrate group, plays a vital role in the global oceanic and coastal ecosystems. By virtue of their floating nature, and horizontal and vertical spread in the water column, they are known to have varied associations with other invertebrates and teleosts, which make them an integral part of the marine ecosystem

Starter culture technology: fermented foods

Practice of starter culture is an age old practice but without any scientific basis. With the awareness of need of microbial inoculations for regulation of fermentation process for quality production of desired quality foods innovative development have taken place. Development of new strains for elite strain which can improve the quality, stability, flavor, texture and phage resistant starter cultures are raised on a variety of medium depending organism as well as product to be developed. The starter culture are classified based on their composition growth requirement and methods of propagation. These starter cultures are preserved by different methods they can be available all the time. Though commercial strains are available their isolation and subsequent improvement through different genetical methods are desirable to get a novel strains with unique properties of commercial importance. Among different microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria, yeast (Saccharomyce cerevisae, Penicillium camembertii, P. roquefortii) and Rhyzopus (R. oryzae, R. sojae) are extensively used for this purpose. Perfection in the preparation, storage and propagation need to be improved. Mixed starters with symbiotic activity have to be formulated

Climate change impacts on coastal lakes: an evaluation of the impact on Vembanad, Chilka and Pulicat lakes and their resources

Bivalves play key role in ecosystem stabilisation due to inherent filter feeding capability and clams are important components of soft bottom benthic communities. In the Tuticorin Bay, mass mortality of fishes and shellfishes was observed in Februay 2008. The probable cause for the large scale mortality has been indicated as increased levels of ammonia (Asha et al., 2009). A rapid survey was conducted in the bay to assess the impact on the bivalve fauna

Bibliography: Diseases, Parasites and Toxicology of Perna viridis,Crassostrea madrasensis and Villorita cyprinoids (Mollusca: Pelecypoda) of India

A proper understanding of the hazards associated with the fishery products on national basis has been the primary objective of the AP Cess Funded National Network Project on National Risk Assessment Programme for Fish and Fish Products for Domestic and International Markets. In this connection, the bibliography is prepared with the sole aim to compile all the available literature on this subject to produce a ready source of reference material for future investigators. In spite of the meticulous task and completeness, the authors express their regrets for any errors or omissions