Strain improvement for the production of antioxidant activity from Bacillus sp. by induced stress

In the present study, water samples were collected from different beaches in Chennai such as Marina beach, Elliott beach, VGP Golden beach and Kovalam beach to evaluate the best source for antioxidants. The bacteria were isolated on Starch Casein Agar media and screened for the antimicrobial activity. Among 11 isolates, 5 isolates showed antimicrobial potential which were further evaluated for the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity. Among 5 isolates, one sample showed significant DPPH scavenging activity with half minimal inhibitory concentration of (IC50)344.754µg/mL. The maximum antioxidant production was observed at pH 7 and at temperature of 37ºC with an IC50 of 188.66µg/mL and 293.76µg/mL respectively. The potent antioxidant producing strain was subjected for mutagenesis. In physical mutagenesis, the organism exposed for UV light for 25 minutes showed maximum antioxidant production with an IC50 of 133.55µg/mL. This mutant strain was then subjected for chemical mutagenesis with the addition of different concentrations of Ethidium bromide such as 10µL, 20µL, 30µL, 40µL and 50µL. The mutant strain obtained with the addition of 20µL Ethidium bromide (EtBr) showed significant antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 325.4µg/mL. The sample was purified by solvent extraction method and was evaluated for antioxidant production. The analyte was subjected to HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) analysis to avince the presence of antioxidants. The ethyl acetate extract showed the total phenolic content of 0.892 mg GAE/g of dry extract. It also showed the total flavonoid content of 0.522mg RE/g of dry extract

A Novel Technique for IDS in Distributed Data Environment Using Merkel Based Security Mechanism for Secure User Allocation

Multiple corporations and people frequently launching their data in the cloud environment. With the huge growth of data mining and the cloud storage paradigm without checking protection policies and procedures that can pose a great risk to their sector. The data backup in the cloud storage would not only be problematic for the cloud user but also the Cloud Service Provider (CSP). The unencrypted handling of confidential data is likely to make access simpler for unauthorized individuals and also by the CSP. Normal encryption algorithms need more primitive computing, space and costs for storage. It is also of utmost importance to secure cloud data with limited measurement and storage capacity. Till now, different methods and frameworks to maintain a degree of protection that meets the requirements of modern life have been created. Within those systems, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) appear to find suspicious actions or events which are vulnerable to a system's proper activity. Today, because of the intermittent rise in network traffic, the IDS face problems for detecting attacks in broad streams of links. In existing the Two-Stage Ensemble Classifier for IDS (TSE-IDS) had been implemented. For detecting trends on big data, the irrelevant data characteristics appear to decrease both the velocity of attack detection and accuracy. The computing resource available for training and testing of the IDS models is also increased. We have put forward a novel strategy in this research paper to the above issues to improve the balance of the server load effectively with protected user allocation to a server, and thereby minimize resource complexity on the cloud data storage device, by integrating the Authentication based User-Allocation with Merkle based Hashing-Tree (AUA-MHT) technique. Through this, the authentication attack and flood attack are detected and restrict unauthorized users. By this proposed model the cloud server verifies, by resolving such attacks, that only approved users are accessing the cloud info. The proposed framework AUA-MHT performs better than the existing model TSE-IDS for parameters such as User Allocation Rate, Intrusion Detection Rate and Space Complexit

Cardiac Arrythmia Detection Using Naïve Bayes And Svm Models

Arrhythmia in any case called cardiovascular arrythmia, is a social event of conditions where the heartbeat is inconsistent, unnecessarily fast, or exorbitantly drowsy. Arrhythmia tends to a critical by and large broad ailment, addressing 15–20 % of all passing's. Early acknowledgment and investigation remains the best approach to perseverance, which can be refined by using novel procedures and shrewd development. As of now, arrhythmia ID is refined through ECG signal examination. In ECG signals, QRS structures which address the depolarization of ventricles are analyzed for arrhythmia revelation. The examination of time period of these PQRST waves essentially implies the presence of arrhythmia or commonness. In this assignment, a motorized structure to channel and bit ECG signals using different estimations is created using Python and MATLAB. For division computations, for instance, Two Moving Average are used. Unmistakable Machine Learning models, for instance, Naïve Bayes Model is used for the following examination of the divided ECG signals. Finally, the precision has using diverse division estimations and Machine Learning Models are researched and considered. Through this the most exact and beneficial system is settled. The eventual outcomes of this undertaking can appropriately help as a manual for clinicians for the distinguishing proof of arrhythmia

Variability in Tuberculosis Granuloma T Cell Responses Exists, but a Balance of Pro- and Anti-inflammatory Cytokines Is Associated with Sterilization

Lung granulomas are the pathologic hallmark of tuberculosis (TB). T cells are a major cellular component of TB lung granulomas and are known to play an important role in containment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. We used cynomolgus macaques, a non-human primate model that recapitulates human TB with clinically active disease, latent infection or early infection, to understand functional characteristics and dynamics of T cells in individual granulomas. We sought to correlate T cell cytokine response and bacterial burden of each granuloma, as well as granuloma and systemic responses in individual animals. Our results support that each granuloma within an individual host is independent with respect to total cell numbers, proportion of T cells, pattern of cytokine response, and bacterial burden. The spectrum of these components overlaps greatly amongst animals with different clinical status, indicating that a diversity of granulomas exists within an individual host. On average only about 8% of T cells from granulomas respond with cytokine production after stimulation with Mtb specific antigens, and few “multi-functional” T cells were observed. However, granulomas were found to be “multi-functional” with respect to the combinations of functional T cells that were identified among lesions from individual animals. Although the responses generally overlapped, sterile granulomas had modestly higher frequencies of T cells making IL-17, TNF and any of T-1 (IFN-γ, IL-2, or TNF) and/or T-17 (IL-17) cytokines than non-sterile granulomas. An inverse correlation was observed between bacterial burden with TNF and T-1/T-17 responses in individual granulomas, and a combinatorial analysis of pair-wise cytokine responses indicated that granulomas with T cells producing both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-10 and IL-17) were associated with clearance of Mtb. Preliminary evaluation suggests that systemic responses in the blood do not accurately reflect local T cell responses within granulomas

“Phytochemical Analysis, In vitro Anti-oxidant, Anti-diabetic and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Red Kidney Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) ”

Aims: The aim of the study is to assess the phytochemicals, bioactive compounds and determine the in vitro anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory potential of red kidney bean. Methods and Material: Raw and cooked red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris. L) were assessed for phytochemical content, anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory activity and GC-MS analysis was done to identify the bioactive compounds. Statistical analysis used: Descriptive statistics, independent ‘t’ test and one-way ANOVA was computed to determine the differences in the phytochemical compounds and in vitro activities of raw and cooked red kidney beans. Results: Qualitative analysis of raw and cooked red kidney bean confirmed the presence of phytochemicals. The total phenol content was higher in cooked than raw red kidney bean but the total flavonoid content was higher in raw red kidney bean. The radical scavenging activity of raw and cooked red kidney bean at 50 µg/mL and 300 µg/mL ranged from 80.88 ±0.20% to 97.05±0.02% and 32.83±0.46 to 90.56±0.26% respectively. The reducing power of raw and cooked red kidney bean ranged from 28.05 ± 0.96% to 80.92 ± 0.17% and 24.83 ± 0.17% to 64.61 ± 0.53% respectively. The percentage inhibition of alpha amylase for raw and cooked red kidney bean ranged from 62.14 ± 0.90 to 81.98% ± 0.9% and 63.67 ± 0.11% to 73.43 ±0.61% respectively. The prevention of lysis for analysing the anti-inflammatory effect of raw and cooked red kidney bean ranged from 50 - 85% and 9.67 - 90.32 % respectively. The GC-MS analysis of raw and cooked red kidney bean showed the presence of bioactive compounds. Conclusions: The raw and cooked red kidney bean contains bioactive compounds that exert excellent anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory activities

Development of real time PCR for detection and quantitation of Dengue Viruses

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Dengue virus (DENV), a mosquito borne flavivirus is an important pathogen causing more than 50 million infections every year around the world. Dengue diagnosis depends on serology, which is not useful in the early phase of the disease and virus isolation, which is laborious and time consuming. There is need for a rapid, sensitive and high throughput method for detection of DENV in the early stages of the disease. Several real-time PCR assays have been described for dengue viruses, but there is scope for improvement. The new generation TaqMan Minor Groove Binding (MGB) probe approach was used to develop an improved real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) for DENV in this study.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The 3'UTR of thirteen Indian strains of DENV was sequenced and aligned with 41 representative sequences from GenBank. A region conserved in all four serotypes was used to target primers and probes for the qRT-PCR. A single MGB probe and a single primer pair for all the four serotypes of DENV were designed. The sensitivity of the two step qRT-PCR assay was10 copies of RNA molecules per reaction. The specificity and sensitivity of the assay was 100% when tested with a panel of 39 known positive and negative samples. Viral RNA could be detected and quantitated in infected mouse brain, cell cultures, mosquitoes and clinical samples. Viral RNA could be detected in patients even after seroconversion till 10 days post onset of infection. There was no signal with Japanese Encephalitis (JE), West Nile (WN), Chikungunya (CHK) viruses or with Leptospira, <it>Plasmodium vivax</it>, <it>Plasmodium falciparum </it>and Rickettsia positive clinical samples.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We have developed a highly sensitive and specific qRT-PCR for detection and quantitation of dengue viruses. The assay will be a useful tool for differential diagnosis of dengue fever in a situation where a number of other clinically indistinguishable infectious diseases like malaria, Chikungunya, rickettsia and leptospira occur. The ability of the assay to detect DENV-2 in inoculated mosquitoes makes it a potential tool for detecting DENV in field-caught mosquitoes.</p

THE IMPACT OF AERIAL YOGA ON FLEXIBILITY AND BALANCE IN SPORTS PERSON: EXPLORATORY STUDY

This preliminary investigation exploresthe impact of a 8-week aerial yoga program on flexibility and balance in athletes aged 18 to 25. Sixty sports players from the Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Padur, Chennai, were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (n=30) and non intervention group (n=30). The intervention group participated in three weekly 60-minute aerial yoga sessions led by certified instructors, while the non intervention group refrained from engaging in any specific activity. Flexibility and balance were assessed using the sit-and-reach test and one- leg stand test, respectively, before and after the intervention. Descriptive statistics summarized participant characteristics, paired t-tests assessed pre- and post-intervention changes within groups, and ANCOVA evaluated differences between groups. The results indicated significant improvements in flexibility and balance in the intervention group, emphasizing the potential benefits of aerial yoga for sports players. Acknowledgements: This study was financially supported by the Hindustan SEED MONEY grant, provided by Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu

Global research trends on psychological well‑being of children in foster care homes from 2003 to 2023: a bibliometric analysis using Scopus database

PurposeThe study focuses on contemporary trends in the psychological well‑being of foster children residing in care homes over the past two decades. Moreover, it aims to predict future research directions by analyzing hotspots, offering valuable references for academics engaged in further studies in this field.MethodsA quantitative analysis was conducted on nine hundred and twelve documents, including research papers and reviews, from 2003 to 2023. These publications focused on the psychological well‑being of foster children and were incorporated from the Scopus database. For visual analysis, we utilized the bibliometric analytical tool VOSviewer to generate a map of information on the authors, journals, organizations, nations, citations, and keywords. We also employed Microsoft Excel tables to record the essential details.ResultsThe psychological well‑being of children and adolescents residing in foster homes is an emerging area of research. The findings show that there has been an ongoing rise in relevant research publications over time. The United States (416) and Harvard Medical School (56) were the most active countries and organizations in this study. AIDS Care: Psychological and Socio-Medical Aspects of AIDS/HIV (91 articles) and Vulnerable Children and Youth Studies (86 articles) are two prominent journals, while the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry had the most co-citations (630). Nelson (52 publications) and Zeanah (50 publications) are the top two leading authors based on citation counts. Institutional care, orphans, HIV/AIDS orphans, psychological well‑being, and mental health, resilience are popular research keywords in this study.ConclusionThis study indicates the prevailing interest in the specified domains over the past two decades. Our findings primarily indicate that addressing mental health concerns, along with understanding the needs of children in foster care homes, can enhance their psychological well‑being. Developing effective interventions to enhance the psychological well‑being of children in foster care is bound to have a profound effect on them and will serve as a key focus for future research in this field