Flouting Maxim of Relevance Related to Face Threatening Act Strategies in Pesbukers Reality Show Special Edition “Valentine”

Language is a device used by human beings to communicate in the society. In the process of communication, people take and give messages to convey their feelings, ideas, or things in mind. The process itself can be found in a reality show, such as Pesbukers reality show. Pesbukers reality show presents a comedy. The actors and actresses do flouting maxim of relevance because theyhave various purposes such as having hidden meaning, saving face act, avoiding face threatening act and making a joke. There are two problems of the study, namely: (1) what are face threatening act strategies applied in flouting maxim of relevance in Pesbukers reality show, and (2) what are the intended meaning of flouting maxim of relevance related to face threatenIng act strategies in Pesbukers reality show.This study focuses on flouting maxim of relevance and face threatening act strategies that are applied in Pesbukers reality show. The writer used qualitative approach because the writer collected the data in the form of words. The writer uses a transcription of Pesbukers reality show. She decided the utterances that are categorized into FTA strategies, and identified the intended meaning of the utterances based on Brown and Levinson\u27s theory (1987).The results of this study showed there were 12 utterances containing flouting maxim of relevance produced by the hosts and the guest stars. Those utterances were conforming Brown and Levinson\u27s theory (1987) of FTA strategies. There were three strategies used in Pesbukers reality show that werepositive politeness, negative politeness, and off record. The mostly used strategy was positive politeness which was shown by noticing the speakers\u27 interest, seeking an agreement to make a deal, and avoiding disagreement. The second strategy was negative politeness. The hosts and guest stars used negative politeness to minimize the imposition to others. The last strategy was off record. Mostly, they used off record by using an irony to tease each other.The writer suggests the further researcher conduct a research about FTAstrategies focusing on certain strategy for example positive politeness in any other subjects, such as movies, comics, magazines, speeches, dramas and so forth in order to have deeper analysis

Bentuk Kata dan Pola Bunyi pada Kapatu Puisi Berbahasa Daerah Bima

Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan bentuk rima dan pola bunyi pada kapatu puisi berbahasa daerah Bima. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, metode yang digunakan deskriptif analisis. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah berupa transkripsi kapatu yang dituturkan oleh seorang petuah di desa Sape Kecamatan Bima yang bernama M. Fadli Mansyur. Data dalam penelitian ini berupa kata-kata pada setiap baris dan bait yang terdapat pada kumpulan kapatu daerah Bima yang mengambarkan stile penulisan pada kapatu. Hasil penelitianterdapat beberapa kata yang mengalami bentukan dan pola bunyi pada kapatu

The Friedreich ataxia GAA repeat expansion mutation induces comparable epigenetic changes in human and transgenic mouse brain and heart tissues

Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is caused by a homozygous GAA repeat expansion mutation within intron 1 of the FXN gene, leading to reduced expression of frataxin protein. Evidence suggests that the mutation may induce epigenetic changes and heterochromatin formation, thereby impeding gene transcription. In particular, studies using FRDA patient blood and lymphoblastoid cell lines have detected increased DNA methylation of specific CpG sites upstream of the GAA repeat and histone modifications in regions flanking the GAA repeat. In this report we show that such epigenetic changes are also present in FRDA patient brain, cerebellum and heart tissues, the primary affected systems of the disorder. Bisulfite sequence analysis of the FXN flanking GAA regions reveals a shift in the FRDA DNA methylation profile, with upstream CpG sites becoming consistently hypermethylated and downstream CpG sites becoming consistently hypomethylated. We also identify differential DNA methylation at three specific CpG sites within the FXN promoter and one CpG site within exon 1. Furthermore, we show by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis that there is overall decreased histone H3K9 acetylation together with increased H3K9 methylation of FRDA brain tissue. Further studies of brain, cerebellum and heart tissues from our GAA repeat expansion-containing FRDA YAC transgenic mice reveal comparable epigenetic changes to those detected in FRDA patient tissue. We have thus developed a mouse model that will be a valuable resource for future therapeutic studies targeting epigenetic modifications of the FXN gene to increase frataxin expression

Pengembangan Lks Berbasis Problem Posing Pada Materi Elastisitas Dan Hukum Hooke

Media can be used to deliver message in learning and bring positive effect on interest, motivation, and learning outcome of the student. Therefore, this research has purpose to develop student worksheets that use problem posing method to exercise mastery of concept of class XI students of SMAN 1 Purbolinggo. This development is adapting media development model from Suyanto and Sartinem (2009 ) which includes seven stages. After testing the product, it is obtained that student worksheets are interesting and useful. Based on effectively testing, it is obtained that 80% tested students are pass from Standard Minimum Score. So, student worksheet is feasible and effective to be used as a medium of learning. This research is resulting product in the form of student worksheets by applying the problem posing method.Media dapat digunakan untuk menyampaikan pesan dalam pembelajaran dan membawa pengaruh positif terhadap minat, motivasi, dan hasil belajar siswa. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan LKS dengan menggunakan problem posing untuk latihan penguasaan konsep siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Purbolinggo. Pengembangan ini mengadaptasi model pengembangan media Suyanto dan Sartinem (2009) yang meliputi tujuh tahapan. Setelah dilakukan uji coba produk, diperoleh bahwa LKS menarik dan bermanfaat. Berdasarkan uji keefektifannya, diperoleh bahwa 80% siswa uji telah tuntas Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal. Jadi, LKS layak dan efektif digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran. Penelitian ini memperoleh produk berupa LKS dengan menerapkan metode problem posing

Analisis Kinerja Sosial dan Kinerja Keuangan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro (Lkm) USAha Ekonomi Kelurahan-simpan Pinjam (Uek-sp) Maharatu Jaya Kelurahan Maharatu Kecamatan Marpoyan Damai Kota Pekanbaru

This research was conducted in Microfinance institutions (MFI) UEK-SP Maharatu Jaya, Pekanbaru. The purpose of this study to analyze the social performance and financial performance of MFI UEK-SP during 2009-2013. Social performance was analyzed using mixed market performance indicators and financial performance was analyzed by using the 17 indicators of PEARLS. Social performance analysis show that MFI UEK-SP has achieved its mission and social objectives, was indicated the indicator of increasing of total loan volume revolving at 25.58 percent. Result also show that the highest increasing of lending revolving is trading sector (31.00 pecent), and the increasing of poor lending volume as much as 18.13 percent. Financial performance analysis shows that the 8 ratio of PEARLS is ideal goals, that are the ratio of current assets, loans from the outside, the capital of institutions, non-productive assets, income from loans, asset growth, net income and capital growth. While the 9 ratio of PEARLS less than ideal goals, that are the ratio of the risk reserve fund for loans negligence 1-12 months and over 12 months, outstanding loans, operating costs, non perfoaming loan, loan growth, liquidity and deposit growth stocks

Cellular, molecular and functional characterisation of YAC transgenic mouse models of Friedreich Ataxia

Copyright © 2014 Anjomani Virmouni et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.This article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.Background - Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder, caused by a GAA repeat expansion mutation within intron 1 of the FXN gene. We have previously established and performed preliminary characterisation of several human FXN yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) transgenic FRDA mouse models containing GAA repeat expansions, Y47R (9 GAA repeats), YG8R (90 and 190 GAA repeats) and YG22R (190 GAA repeats). Methodology/Principal Findings - We now report extended cellular, molecular and functional characterisation of these FXN YAC transgenic mouse models. FXN transgene copy number analysis of the FRDA mice demonstrated that the YG22R and Y47R lines each have a single copy of the FXN transgene while the YG8R line has two copies. Single integration sites of all transgenes were confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis of metaphase and interphase chromosomes. We identified significant functional deficits, together with a degree of glucose intolerance and insulin hypersensitivity, in YG8R and YG22R FRDA mice compared to Y47R and wild-type control mice. We also confirmed increased somatic GAA repeat instability in the cerebellum and brain of YG22R and YG8R mice, together with significantly reduced levels of FXN mRNA and protein in the brain and liver of YG8R and YG22R compared to Y47R. Conclusions/Significance - Together these studies provide a detailed characterisation of our GAA repeat expansion-based YAC transgenic FRDA mouse models that will help investigations of FRDA disease mechanisms and therapy.European Union, Ataxia UK and FARA

Pengaruh Emulgator Terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Krim Ekstrak Etanol Kelopak Bunga Rosella (Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn)

Proses formulasi sediaan dapat berpengaruh terhadap aktivitas obat, khususnya sediaan yang mengandung antioksidan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh emulgator terhadap aktivitas antioksidan krim ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L). Kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L) dimaserasi menggunakan etanol 70%. Ekstrak kemudian dibuat krim konsentrasi 2%, 3% dan 4% dengan variasi kombinasi emulgator Anionik (Asam Stearat dan Trietanolamin) serta emulgator nonionik (Tween 60 dan Span 60). Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan mengukur persen penghambatan sediaan terhadap radikal bebas DPPH termasuk setelah penyimpanan. Aktivitas penghambatan radikal bebas DPPH untuk basis dengan emulgator nonionik (2%, 3%, 4%) serta anionik (2%, 3%, 4%) berturut-turut adalah (17,90%, 19,33%, 21,53%) serta (49,01%, 30,76%, 17,69%). Sedangkan untuk sediaan anionik berturut-turut adalah 73,73%; 69,16%; 67,27% (Sebelum penyimpanan) dan 55,88%; 50,16%; 49,00% (Setelah penyimpanan). Untuk krim nonionik berturut-turut adalah 68,57%; 61,87%; 59,30% (Sebelum penyimpanan) dan 42,66%; 47,76%; 48,75% (setelah penyimpanan). Analisis statistik rancangan acak kelompok taraf kepercayaan 5% dan 1% terhadap basis, sediaan dan penyimpanan menghasilkan bahwa jenis dan jumlah emulgator tidak mempengaruhi aktivitas antioksidan sediaan yang mengandung ekstrak kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L) dan aktivitas antioksidan sediaan krim ekstrak kelopak bunga rosella (Hibiscus sabdariffa L) menurun setelah penyimpanan

Investigation of Hygro-Thermal Aging on Carbon/Epoxy Materials for Jet Engine Fan Sections

This poster summarizes 2 years of aging on E862 epoxy and E862 epoxy with triaxial braided T700s carbon fiber composite. Several test methods were used to characterize chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of both the resin and composite materials. The aging cycle that was used included varying temperature and humidity exposure. The goal was to evaluate the environmental effects on a potential jet engine fan section material. Some changes were noted in the resin which resulted in increased brittleness, though this did not significantly affect the tensile and impact test results. A potential decrease in compression strength requires additional investigation