Epidemiologic aspects of closed-globe trauma

Purpose: To describe the epidemiologic aspects of closed-globe injury with contusion and its alterations. Methods: Forty patients with closed-globe injury, were analyzed prospectively between January 1998 and February 1999. They were attended at the Ocular Trauma Outpatient Clinic of the Department of Ophthalmology of the Escola Paulista de Medicina-Federal University of São Paulo. A complete ophthalmologic examination was performed in all patients and they were classified according to the new classification proposed by Pieramici et al (1997). Results: Sixty-seven and a half percent (67.5%) of the studied patients were less than 30 years old. The main causes were: accidents at home and acts of violence with 32.5% each. In relation to visual acuity, with best correction, 60.0% of the patients did not achieve 20/100 visual acuity. Seventy-five per cent (75.0%) showed improvement in visual acuity during follow-up and most in less than 1 month. Fifty-two and a half percent (52.5%) were classified as zone III. Fifty percent (50%) of the patients developed hyphema and 67.5% had some grade of angle recession, higher than 180° in 30.0%. Conclusions: In relation the patients attended at the Ocular Trauma Outpatient Clinic of the Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), more than 13 years old, males, with closed-globe injury we may conclude: 1. it is more prevalent in adults; 2. the main causes were domestic accidents and violence (32.5% each); 3. it presents good visual acuity recovery, except for zone III patients; 4. fifty per cent developed hyphema; 5. more than a half had angle recession (67.5%) and 30.0% had angle recession over 180°.Objetivo: Descrever os aspectos epidemiológicos do traumatismo ocular fechado com contusão e suas alterações. Métodos: Foram avaliados, prospectivamente, 40 olhos de 40 pacientes, com idade superior a 13 anos, do sexo masculino, com traumatismo ocular fechado contuso, no período de janeiro de 1998 a fevereiro de 1999, atendidos no Ambulatório de Trauma Ocular do Departamento de Oftalmologia da Escola Paulista de Medicina-Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP). Todos foram submetidos a exame oftalmológico completo e classificados de acordo com a nova classificação proposta por Pieramici et al. (1997). Resultados: Sessenta e sete e meio por cento (67,5%) dos pacientes tinham menos de 30 anos. As principais causas de traumatismo ocular contuso foram acidentes domésticos e violência com 32,5% cada. Em relação à acuidade visual, medida com a melhor correção, 60,0% apresentaram acuidade menor que 20/100 e 75,0% melhora da acuidade visual durante o acompanhamento, sendo que a maioria evoluiu com melhora em menos de 1 mês. Cinqüenta e dois e meio por cento (52,5%) foram classificados como zona III. Cinqüenta por cento (50%) dos pacientes evoluíram com hifema e 67,5% com algum grau de recessão angular, sendo 30% maior que 180°. Conclusões: Em relação aos pacientes atendidos no Ambulatório de Trauma Ocular da Universidade Federal do Estado de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina com idade menor de 13 anos e sexo masculino, com traumatismo ocular contuso podemos concluir que: 1. apresentou maior prevalência no adulto jovem; 2. as principais causas foram: acidentes domésticos e violência (32,5% cada); 3. apresenta boa recuperação da acuidade visual, exceto os pacientes zona III; 4. cinqüenta por cento evoluiu com hifema; 5. mais da metade, 67,5% apresentaram algum grau de recessão angular, sendo 30,0% maior que 180°.UNIFESP Departamento de OftalmologiaUNIFESP Departamento de Oftalmologia setor de Pronto Socorro e Trauma OcularUNIFESP, Depto. de OftalmologiaUNIFESP, Depto. de Oftalmologia setor de Pronto Socorro e Trauma OcularSciEL

I, Robot, You, Consumer: Measuring Artificial Intelligence Types and their Effect on Consumers Emotions in Service

This research draws upon the increasing usage of AI in service. It aims at understanding the extent to which AI systems have multiple intelligence types like humans and if these types arouse different emotions in consumers. To this end, the research uses a two-study approach: Study 1 builds and evaluates a scale for measuring different AI intelligence types. Study 2 evaluates consumers’ emotional responses to the different AI intelligences. The findings provide a measurement scale for evaluating different types of artificial intelligence against human ones, thus showing that artificial intelligences are configurable, describable, and measurable (Study 1), and influence positive and negative consumers’ emotions (Study 2). The findings also demonstrate that consumers display different emotions, in terms of happiness, excitement, enthusiasm, pride, inspiration, sadness, fear, anger, shame, and anxiety, and also emotional attachment, satisfaction, and usage intention when interacting with the different types of AI intelligences. Our scale builds upon human intelligence against AI intelligence characteristics while providing a guidance for future development of AI-based systems more similar to human intelligences

A construal level view of contemporary heritage tourism

Psychological distance is “a subjective experience that something is close or far away from the self, here, and now” (Trope & Liberman 2010, p. 440). This research investigates heritage tourism from the perspective of Construal Level theory, which postulates that individuals mentally represent objects and events by adopting either low or high construal levels. We show that heritage tourism leads tourists to adopt a higher psychological distance and therefore a higher construal level. In turn, this higher construal negatively affects destination loyalty and perceived uniqueness. However, authenticity and engagement moderate the heritage–construal relationship, counterbalancing the higher psychological distance induced by heritage. We explore these relationships in two studies focusing on contemporary heritage sites. This further allows to compare visitors’ mental representations of the experience, based on their memory type. The paper concludes by addressing implications for theory and practice

It’s Not Just a Game: Virtual Edgework and Subjective Well-Being in E-Sports

The authors investigate subjective well-being in the context of e-sports (competitive video games). They adopt the theoretical lenses of virtual edgework theory, a recent adaptation of edgework theory from physical to digital contexts. Sports have long been used as a tool to improve subjective well-being. The research question is whether e-sports lead to well-being, as their physical sport counterparts do, and through what psychological mechanisms. The authors answer through a conceptual model of moderated mediation tested on hundreds of e-sports players. They also address the role of privacy concerns, as e-sports pose several potential threats to players' privacy that could hinder players' achievement of well-being. Findings suggest that virtual edgework provides a useful theoretical perspective for understanding consumers' behavior in digital environments. They also show that e-sports can lead to well-being by achieving feelings of self-enhancement under the positive moderation of perceived control over the digital environment and the negative moderation of privacy concerns

Should I stay or should I go? Benefits of crowd-checking technology for a face-to-face shopping experience

Purpose: Long sales periods (i.e. Christmas time, Black Friday, etc.) and the risk of contagion while shopping (i.e. during pandemics like COVID-19) showed the extent to which crowded shopping environments have negative effects on consumers’ behavior. Hence, using terror management theory (TMT) and stimulus–organism–response (S–O–R) approach, the authors aims to develop a new model to investigate the effect of crowd-checking technology on shopping anxiety, the perceived value of shopping experience and willingness to pay. Design/methodology/approach: Using a cross-sectional research design and with a help of an independent research company, the authors collected 1,000 valid responses from individuals residing in the UK. Findings: Results showed that crowd-checking technology cues reduce shopping anxiety, improve value perceptions and increase willingness to pay. In addition, the efficacy of technology in reducing shopping anxiety is moderated by customers’ shopping orientation. Originality/value: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first one investigating crowd monitoring systems used at the initial stage of consumers’ journey to show the number of consumers in-store in real-time. It contributes to the literature on technology applications in retailing by providing evidence that technology cues reduce shopping anxiety, which in turn enhances customer-perceived value from the shopping experience and increases the willingness to pay in stores with embedded crowd-checker technology. The study also extends the application of TMT in a new context

These Were the Days of Our Lives! A Self-Enhancement Model of Revisit Intention for Warfare Heritage Tourism

This paper addresses revisiting intention in warfare heritage tourism. Building on drivers related to the psychology of the tourists, it develops and tests a moderated mediation model accounting for self-enhancement, engagement, sense of belonging, and revisit intention. Two studies explore the relationships among these constructs, sampling tourists visiting contemporary warfare heritage sites (Cold War military installations). The results show that the sense of belonging mediates the self-enhancement-revisit intention relationship and that engagement moderates the mediation. Finally, results show that the relationships among the considered constructs do not change for tourists living in the former western or eastern blocks and for tourists born before, during, or after the Cold War era

Digital technologies and privacy: State of the art and research directions

Digital technologies have transformed every aspect of marketing and have brought consumer privacy front and center of research and discourse over the last two decades. Whereas companies and consumers have arguably benefited through the availability and use of data made possible by digitalization, consumer privacy-related concerns raise compelling questions that researchers, companies, and policymakers are addressing. In this Review Paper, we review privacy related to digital technologies in marketing, highlighting the constantly evolving nature of the field. We provide an overview of the rich contributions made by the articles in the special issue on digital technologies and privacy, and the original insights they provide for researchers and practitioners in four domains – communication, retailing, pricing, and product personalization. We identify and outline future research directions in each of these four domains to expand our understanding of privacy at the intersection of psychology and marketing by motivating new scholarly research and providing actionable insights to managers and policymakers

Should I stay or should I go? Benefits of crowd-checking technology for a face-to-face shopping experience

Purpose: Long sales periods (i.e. Christmas time, Black Friday, etc.) and the risk of contagion while shopping (i.e. during pandemics like COVID-19) showed the extent to which crowded shopping environments have negative effects on consumers’ behavior. Hence, using terror management theory (TMT) and stimulus–organism–response (S–O–R) approach, the authors aims to develop a new model to investigate the effect of crowd-checking technology on shopping anxiety, the perceived value of shopping experience and willingness to pay. Design/methodology/approach: Using a cross-sectional research design and with a help of an independent research company, the authors collected 1,000 valid responses from individuals residing in the UK. Findings: Results showed that crowd-checking technology cues reduce shopping anxiety, improve value perceptions and increase willingness to pay. In addition, the efficacy of technology in reducing shopping anxiety is moderated by customers’ shopping orientation. Originality/value: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first one investigating crowd monitoring systems used at the initial stage of consumers’ journey to show the number of consumers in-store in real-time. It contributes to the literature on technology applications in retailing by providing evidence that technology cues reduce shopping anxiety, which in turn enhances customer-perceived value from the shopping experience and increases the willingness to pay in stores with embedded crowd-checker technology. The study also extends the application of TMT in a new context

Competing during a pandemic? Retailers’ ups and downs during the COVID-19 outbreak

The COVID-19 pandemic (that started in early 2020) is causing several disruptions in the short- and mid-term, to which businesses have to adapt. Some retailers have reacted to the emergency immediately, displaying a plethora of different intervention types. The authors aim to synthesize the challenges that retailers are facing during the COVID-19 emergency. We do this from the perspective of both consumers and managers, with the goal of providing guidelines on and examples of how retailers can handle this unprecedented situation

Snack dilemma: How vending machines influence choice of virtue and vice foods

This research investigates consumer decision-making in vending machine settings, focusing on choosing between vice (less healthy) and virtue (healthier) products. The study identifies key drivers that influence purchases and explains these choices through construal-level theory. By analyzing real transaction data from 13,709 purchases, we examine how product familiarity, price, payment method, time of day, and product placement affect consumer behavior. The results reveal that product familiarity and price significantly influence the selection of vice products. Conversely, placing virtue products on higher rows and the right-hand side of the vending machine enhances their likelihood of being chosen. Furthermore, the context of vending machine locations, including workplaces, universities, and hospitals, uniquely shapes the dynamics between vice and virtue product choices. These findings, interpreted through construal level theory, provide actionable insights for optimizing vending machine layouts and promoting healthier consumer behaviors. Ultimately, this research contributes to retailing and public health by providing strategies to promote healthier choices in environments where vending machines are prevalent