Sintesis dan Karakterisasi XRD Multiferroik BiFeO3 Didoping Pb

Sintesis multiferoik BiFeO3 didoping Pb telah dilakukan dengan metode Pencampuran basah (liquid mixing), menggunakan Fe murni dan Fe2O3 hasil sintesis dari pasir besi. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan variasi konsentrasi doping Pb x=0,25; x=0,5; variasi suhu kalsinasi dan variasi holding time. Sample dikarakterisasi dengan XRD (X-ray Difraction) dan magnetic susceptibility balance. Sampel variasi konsentrasi doping Pb x=0,25 ditemukan fasa pengotor BFO sekunder sedangkan sampel x=0,5 ditemukan fasa pengotor BFO sekunder dan fasa bahan penyusun. Dekomposisi fasa BiFeO3 menjadi fasa sekunder BFO meningkat dengan meningkatnya suhu kalsinasi dan holding time. Doping Pb memperbesar kemungkinan terbentuknya fasa BiFeO3. Konsentrasi doping Pb x=0,5 dapat meningkatkan prosentase fraksi volume BiFeO3 sebesar ~7% dan dapat menurunkan prosentase fraksi volume fasa BFO sekunder sebesar ~15%, namun dekomposisi fasa menjadi fasa bahan penyusun meningkat ~43%. Ukuran kristal BiFeO3 sebesar ~29 nm sampai ~112 nm. Sampel memiliki nilai χ berkisar 1,69x10-7

Kerjasama UNODC – Indonesia Dalam Memerangi Perdagangan Manusia Periode 2007-2013

The impact of technological advancement does not always has apositive effect. For example, one of the negative impact is the growingforms of transnational crime such as human trafficking. As onecontinent from five continents in the world, Asia is the region with thenumber of victims of human trafficking at most. Indonesia is one ofAsian countries which has become a source, destination, and transit ofhuman trafficking. Surely the Government of Indonesia continues tostrive to combat human trafficking in various ways, one of them ispartnership with UNODC. This thesis aims to determine the form ofthe partnership between the Government of Indonesia with theUNODC in combating human trafficking with period 2007-2013. Inthis thesis, author use the theory of Liberalism Institutionalism,because it is considered the most appropriate theory to explain thecooperation between the Government of Indonesia and UNODC. Inthis thesis, author use descriptive-explanative research type to explainand to describe the phenomenon of human trafficking in Indonesia.The results from this research is that the cooperation between theGovernment of Indonesia and UNODC are effective and inaccordance with the needs of the Government of Indonesia especiallyon the aspect of capacity building of Indonesian law enforcementofficial. However, the result from this cooperation does not give apositive implication for the reduction of the number of victims ofhuman trafficking in Indonesia

Association Between Levels of Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) in Blood of Employees at Motor Vehicle Test Center

Exposure to fine particles can cause chronic and acute inflammation that may change cells to be abnormal. Inflammation occurs when the human body responds to exposure to particulate matter (PM) by releasing Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α), a protein that signals inflammation. The object of the present study was to analyze the correlation between human exposure to PM and blood concentrations of TNF-α in Pusat Pengujian Kendaraan Bermotor (PKB), in Ujung Menteng and Pulogadung, in East Jakarta, Indonesia. The study included 42mechanics from PKB and 27 control participants. The independent T-test was used to assess the smoking status, obesity incidence, and age of the participants. In addition, TNF-α concentrations wereanalyzed using a quantitative sandwich enzyme immune assay (ELISA) technique and a Human TNF-α/TNFSFIA HS. The study used quantitative analysis to compare TNF-α concentration with the variables in both sample groups. Results showed a higher average concentration of TNF-α inthe blood samples of the mechanics groupthan in those of the control group (p-value < 0.05), meaning that PM2.5 exposure may increase TNF-α concentration in human blood. Keywords: Particulate Matter 2.5 (PM2.5), Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α),Inflammatio

Creating and knowing mathematics through language and experience

The radical constructivist assertion that the student constructs his or her own knowledge as opposed to receiving it ldquoready maderdquo echoes the classical debate as to whether the human subject constitutes the world or is constituted by it. This paper shows how the philosophical traditions of post-structuralism and hermeneutic phenomenology offer approaches to effacing this dichotomy and how this forces a re-assertion of the teacher's role in the student's constructing of mathematical knowledge. It is also shown how hermeneutic phenomenology provides an opportunity to ground constructivist mathematical thinking in the material qualities of the world

Resisting the desire for the unambiguous: productive gaps in researcher, teacher and student interpretations of a number story task

This article offers reflections on task design in the context of a Grade R (reception year) in-service numeracy project in South Africa. The research explores under what conditions, and for what learning purpose, a task designed by someone else may be recast and how varying given task specifications may support or inhibit learning, as a result of that recasting. This question is situated within a two-pronged task design challenge as to emerging gaps between the task designer’s intentions and teacher’s actions and secondly between the teachers’ intentions and students’ actions. Through analysing two teachers and their respective Grade R students’ interpretations of a worksheet task, provided to teachers in the project, we illuminate the way explicit constraints, in the form of task specifications, can be both enabling and constraining of learning. In so doing we recast this ‘double gap’ as enabling productive learning spaces for teacher educators, teachers and students