GENETIC VARIABILITY, HERITABILITY, AND GENETIC GAIN IN SWEET POTATO (IPOMOEA BATATAS L. LAM) FOR AGRONOMIC TRAITS

The study aimed to estimate the genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance in the existing sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam) populations for growth and yield traits in Peninsular Malaysia. The experiment transpired in 2020 at the Centre of Excellent Tuber Crops Research, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Bachok, Kelantan, Malaysia. A total of 39 sweet potato genotypes studied consisted of introduced hybrids from the International Potato Center (CIP), Peru, Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC), Taiwan, and local conventional and newly released cultivars and breeding lines by MARDI, Bachok, Malaysia. Analysis of variance showed significant (P &lt; 0.05) differences among the potato genotypes for almost all the traits. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) appeared higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all traits. With their high heritability estimate (&gt;60%) and a genetic advance of 5% (&gt;20%), the other agronomic traits: storage root yield per plant, individual storage root weight, and yield per hectare, may benefit as useful selection criteria in sweet potato development. Further, recommend these characteristics for consideration while selecting high-yielding sweet potato cultivars. Thus, the findings of this study proved valuable in future breeding programs for improving cultivars and developing more genetic variations in sweet potatoes, especially in Malaysia.</jats:p

Potential Drug Interactions at One Indian Teaching Hospital.

BackgroundThe potential drug-drug interaction (pDDI) increases as the number of concomitant medications increases. Patients with cardiovascular disorders are at higher risk for drug-drug interactions because of the types and number of drugs they receive. While drug interactions are reported to be common, there is no published report of the prevalence of such interactions among Indian cardiac patients.  The aim of the present study was to identify the pattern of pDDI and document any observed interaction. It was also planned to evaluate the demography of patients and correlate it with the drug-drug interactions.Method  A prospective observational study from Oct 2007 to Apr 2008 was carried out in ‘cardiology department’ of a hospital in South India. Those patients who were taking at least two drugs and had a hospital stay of at least 48 hours were included in the study. The medications of the patients were analyzed for possible interactions. Factors associated with pDDI were studied. The actual interactions that were observed during the hospital stay in the study subjects were documented.ResultsA total of 812 patients were included in the study. 388 pDDIs were identified among 249 patients. The incidence of pDDI was 30.67%. The most common potential interactions were between aspirin & heparin (29.38%), and clopidogrel & heparin (7.21%). Drug class most commonly involved were antiplatelets, anticoagulants and diuretics. Majority of interactions were of moderate severity, delayed onset, and pharmacodynamic in nature. 68 actual interactions were observed in the observed cases.ConclusionThe present study identified pDDIs and also documented interactions in cardiovascular patients. Factors which had correlation with adverse drug interactions were identified. This study highlights the need for screening prescriptions of cardiovascular patients for pDDIs and proactive monitoring of patients who have identified risk factors; this helps in detection and prevention of possible adverse drug interactions.

IOT Based Vehicle Emission Monitoring System and Pollution Detection

Degradation of air quality in cities is the result of a complex interaction between natural and anthropogenic environmental conditions. With the increase in urbanization and industrialization and due to poor control on emissions and little use of catalytic converters, a great amount of particulate and toxic gases are produced. The objective of this paper is to monitor air pollution on roads and track vehicles which cause pollution over a specified limit. Increasing number of automobiles is a serious problem that has been around for a very long time. This paper proposes use of Internet of Things(IoT) to address this problem. Here, combination of Wireless Sensor Network and Electrochemical Toxic Gas Sensors and the use of a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tagging system to monitor car pollution records anytime anywhere. An increase in automobile vehicle increase in air pollution since automobiles are the main source of environmental pollution. The smoke emitted from the vehicle consists of gases like nitrogen oxides (NOx), carbon monoxide(CO), and hydrocarbon (HC). approximately one-half of the nitrogen oxide gases, carbon monoxide and one-fourth of hydrocarbon gases in our environment are emitted from automobile vehicles, which leads to global warming. Due to poor vehicle maintenance and ignition defect. the gases emitted from the exhaust may increase. In order to reduce environmental pollution and to increase vehicles life, we can use this system.</jats:p