Phenotypic analysis of established diffuse histiocytic lymphoma cell lines utilizing monoclonal antibodies and cytochemical techniques

Ten diffuse histiocytic lymphoma (DHL) cell lines were extensively characterized with monoclonal antibodies and histochemical techniques. The original biopsy specimens, representing nine of ten cases from which the cell lines were derived, were reviewed utilizing the International Working Formulation. Eight of ten cell lines reacted with anti-immunoglobulin reagents and/or a subset of B-lymphocyte surface markers, supporting a B-cell derivation. Only U-937, a monocytoid DHL cell line reactive with OKT4 and 6, displayed any T-cell markers. Cytochemical analysis alone proved to be of little value in the subclassification of the DHLs. The pathologic review revealed that, despite disparate immunologic phenotypes, five of the diffuse large cell lymphomas were subclassified as large, noncleaved lymphomas. Our analysis confirms the phenotypic diversity of this subgroup of malignant lymphomas and underscores the value of monoclonal reagents for the immunologic evaluation of the hematologic malignancies. These well characterized cell lines constitute a valuable resource for the laboratory investigation of the lymphomas.</jats:p

Phenotypic analysis of established diffuse histiocytic lymphoma cell lines utilizing monoclonal antibodies and cytochemical techniques

Abstract Ten diffuse histiocytic lymphoma (DHL) cell lines were extensively characterized with monoclonal antibodies and histochemical techniques. The original biopsy specimens, representing nine of ten cases from which the cell lines were derived, were reviewed utilizing the International Working Formulation. Eight of ten cell lines reacted with anti-immunoglobulin reagents and/or a subset of B-lymphocyte surface markers, supporting a B-cell derivation. Only U-937, a monocytoid DHL cell line reactive with OKT4 and 6, displayed any T-cell markers. Cytochemical analysis alone proved to be of little value in the subclassification of the DHLs. The pathologic review revealed that, despite disparate immunologic phenotypes, five of the diffuse large cell lymphomas were subclassified as large, noncleaved lymphomas. Our analysis confirms the phenotypic diversity of this subgroup of malignant lymphomas and underscores the value of monoclonal reagents for the immunologic evaluation of the hematologic malignancies. These well characterized cell lines constitute a valuable resource for the laboratory investigation of the lymphomas.</jats:p

Banding studies on chromosomes in diffuse "histiocytic" lymphomas: correlation of 14q+ marker chromosome with cytology

Chromosomes were studied in cells from tissues primarily involved by diffuse “histiocytic” lymphoma in nine patients. Two of the patients had stage II disease; their tumors were fibrotic and had no mitotic cells. One patient was in stage III, and the remaining six patients had stage IV disease. The modal chromosome number of abnormal cells from these last seven patients was hypodiploid in two, hyperdiploid in four, and near-triploid in one. Complete banding studies of six cases and partial analysis of the seventh indicate that (1) every patient had a distinct cell line with common markers, with a few cells showing minor variants; (2) although certain chromosomes (Nos. 1, 2, 3, 9, 12, and 14) were structurally affected more often than others, no markers with the same banding pattern were noted among them; and (3) the cytologic type of lymphoma could be correlated with the karyotype in all seven patients. When the Lukes and Collins classification was used, three patients whose tumors were composed predominantly of large noncleaved cells showed a 14q translocation leading to the formation of a 14q+ marker chromosome. This marker was not observed in four patients whose tumors had a majority of large cleaved cells. These preliminary results, if confirmed in a larger series of patients, will provide additional evidence that there are consistent chromosome changes associated with specific subtypes of lymphoproliferative disorders analogous to the Ph1 chromosome in chronic myelogenous leukemia.</jats:p

Banding studies on chromosomes in diffuse "histiocytic" lymphomas: correlation of 14q+ marker chromosome with cytology

Abstract Chromosomes were studied in cells from tissues primarily involved by diffuse “histiocytic” lymphoma in nine patients. Two of the patients had stage II disease; their tumors were fibrotic and had no mitotic cells. One patient was in stage III, and the remaining six patients had stage IV disease. The modal chromosome number of abnormal cells from these last seven patients was hypodiploid in two, hyperdiploid in four, and near-triploid in one. Complete banding studies of six cases and partial analysis of the seventh indicate that (1) every patient had a distinct cell line with common markers, with a few cells showing minor variants; (2) although certain chromosomes (Nos. 1, 2, 3, 9, 12, and 14) were structurally affected more often than others, no markers with the same banding pattern were noted among them; and (3) the cytologic type of lymphoma could be correlated with the karyotype in all seven patients. When the Lukes and Collins classification was used, three patients whose tumors were composed predominantly of large noncleaved cells showed a 14q translocation leading to the formation of a 14q+ marker chromosome. This marker was not observed in four patients whose tumors had a majority of large cleaved cells. These preliminary results, if confirmed in a larger series of patients, will provide additional evidence that there are consistent chromosome changes associated with specific subtypes of lymphoproliferative disorders analogous to the Ph1 chromosome in chronic myelogenous leukemia.</jats:p

Chromosome abnormalities in Down's syndrome patients with acute leukemia

Abstract Chromosome and cytologic studies were performed on three Down's syndrome (DS) patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL). All three patients had an aneuploid clone in their leukemic cells: 50, XX, +6, +19, +21, +22, +8, XX, +21, and 47,XY, +8, - 21 +dic(21;21)(p13;p11). Every patient appeared to have acute undifferentiated leukemia when the blast cells were examined with Wright-Giemsa stain; cytochemistry studies, however, showed that the leukemic blasts were in an early stage of myeloid differentiation. The two patients with +8 had a preleukemic phase; the blast cells of the patient with an extra no. 19 and no.22 could not be differentiated morphologically from those of the two patients with an extra no. 8. Our findings and a review of data on 40 other patients suggest that most DS children with ANLL have hyperdiploidy, which is usually related to gains of C, F, and /or G chromosomes, and that the abnormalities of +8 and of +19, +22 in DS children may be associated with acute leukemia (AL) in an early stage of myeloid differentiation.</jats:p

B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with a 14q+ chromosome abnormality

An adult patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with a 14q+ marker chromosome is presented. The abnormality resulted from a translocation of material from the long arm of chromosome 11. The leukemic cells were found to be B cells on the basis of surface immunoglobulins, lack of receptors for sheep erythrocytes, and a characteristically low level of adenosine deaminase activity. In other patients with ALL studied by us or reported by others in whom chromosome banding was done, a 14q+ chromosome was present in only one instance, also a case of B cell ALL. These two cases are the only examples of B cell ALL studied with chromosome banding reported to date. The frequent occurrence of a 14q+ chromosome in other malignant lymphoproliferative diseases of B cell origin suggests that a general association may exist between the 14q+ abnormality and B cell neoplasms. Cytogenetic analysis may therefore be useful in defining subtypes of ALL and in relating specific chromosomal abnormalities to lymphoproliferative disorders.</jats:p