The preventive effect of activated charcoal on HDL levels and aorta histopathological profiles in hypercholesterol rat models

Abstract Hypercholesterolemia is a condition which the cholesterol levels in the blood exceeds the normal value. The use of hypercholesterolemia drugs or synthetic drugs in a long term will cause severe side effects. Therefore, it is important to explore an alternative preventive agent of hypercholesterolemia derived from natural materials, such as activated charcoal. The activated charcoal can absorb substances thousands times of its own weight and might be an effective and non-toxic material. The research aimed to determine the preventive effect of activated charcoal towards HDL level and aorta’s histopathology. This experiment used 24 male rats in randomized design that were divided into six groups: negative control (1); positive control (2), and four groups of treatments with activated charcoal doses of 2.250 mg/kg BW (3), 4.950 mg/kg BW (4), 6.750 mg/kg BW (5) 4.950 mg/kg BW (6), respectively, for 14 days. Simultaneously, all groups were received high cholesterol diet except group 1 and group 6. High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) level was measured by the spectrophotometry method and the data of HDL were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and followed by the Tukey test (p&lt;0.05), while aorta’s histopathology were analyzed descriptively. Therapeutic dose of 4.950 mg/kg BW (group 4) showed the best dose in increasing HDL levels by 42% compared to positive control. Activated charcoal reduced the inflammation cells and the defect of aorta’s histopathology. Based on the results, activated charcoal prevents the decreasing of HDL level and a defect of aorta’s histopathology.</jats:p

The effect of ionic silver water (Ag⁺) toward TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-α) expression and epidermal thickness in open wound healing rat (Rattus norvegicus) model

AbstractIncision wounds are one type of open wounds that occur caused by a sharp instruments such as a result of medical procedure in surgery process. At the time of injury, body will naturally heal that wounds through three phases, inflammation, proliferation, and maturation (remodeling). Ag (silver) solution can accelerate wound healing because it has antibacterial properties and will increase fibroblast cells production. This study aims to determine the effect of Ag (silver) solution based on expression TNF-α (Tumor Necrosis Factor-a) and epidermal thickness in incision wound of the white rat (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain. The experimental animals were male white rat Wistar strains weighing 150-250 grams, aged 8-12 weeks divided into 4 groups. Negative control group without treatment. P1 group that is incised and treated by 10%Povidone Iodinewith doses 0,5 ml. P2 group that incised and treated by Ag (silver) solution with doses 0,5 ml. P3 group that incised and treated by combination between 0,5 ml ag (silver) solution and 0,5 mlPovidone Iodine.All treatments was given for seven days. TNF-α expression was measured using the Flowcytometry method and epidermal thickness was observed histopathologically by Haematoxyllen Eosin (HE) staining. Data analysis TNF-α expression was performed by Kruskal Wallis test while epidermal thickness were analyzed by one way ANOVA test and tukey follow-up test with 95% confidence level (α = 0.05). The results of this study showed that combination therapy of Povidone Iodine 10% and Ag solution tends to decrease TNF-α expression and showed increasing cell regeneration of the epidermis in terms of epidermal thickness. The conclusion of this study is that combination therapy can accelerate the wound healing process.</jats:p

Rush Pin Method For Fracture Os. Femur And Luxatio Reposition Of Caput Femur in A Cat at DNA Animal Clinic Bogor

Abstract Fracture is the severity or destruction of bone continuity and the type of extent that usually caused by trauma. The aim of study was to aplication rush pin for fracture os femur and repocition of luxatio caput femur. Examination methods used to make the diagnose were physical examination, radiography and and cell blood count test. The radiography result showed that transversal fracture distal os. Fermoris and luxatio caput femur, the result of CBC there were no abnormality. Treatment for this case was surgery using the rush pin method to installing intermedulary pins (IM) in condylus os femur. It was used two pins with cross placement. Reposition of luxatio caput femur with simple interupted suture to apotition the caput femur with ligament. After surgery cat was administrated with antibiotic, analgesic, and supplement to support the condition of the cat as post surgery therapy. The conclusion of this study is instalation of pin can repaair transversal fracture os femur, because rush pin keep the bone to right position better than singgle pin and luxatio caput femur was corrected.</jats:p

Surgical Procedure for Pyometra and Mammae Tumor Treatment in A Pitbull Dog

Pyometra is an infection or inflammation of the uterine wall characterized by the accumulation of pus in the uterine lumen. Predisposing factors include age, breed, bacterial infection, and hormones. Another disease that is often correlated with an imbalance in reproductive hormones is mammary tumors. A 7-year-old unspayed female Pitbull dog weighed 27.9 kg has clinical symptoms of frequent discharge of mucopurulent reddish-brown discharge with a foul odor from the vagina. The left mammary glands of the second, third, and fourth nipples have lumps about 20 cm in diameter, are solid in consistency, well-defined, the same color as the skin surface, and can be moved. Diagnosis performed on physical examination, hematology, blood chemistry, and cytology was pyometra and mammary tumors. Treatment was done by ovariohysterectomy and unilateral mastectomy. Post-surgery therapy was enrofloxacin 5 mg/kg, ketoprofen 2 mg/kg, phytomenadione 1 mg/kg, and Biodin® 0.1 ml/kg, followed by intensive surgical wound care. The patient recovered after two months of treatment

Beneficial Effect of Ethanol Extract from Black Rice on Endothelin-1 Expression and Histological Structure of Heart during Pre-eclampsia

Abstract In the case of pre-eclampsia, abnormality form also be found in the heart, which is later can be diagnosed as a particular symptom, hypertension. Endothelin-1, potential vasoconstrictor derived from heart, responsible to the mechanism of indirect impairment utero- spiral arteries into development of generalized endothelial dysfunction. This study was designed to identify the effect of ethanol extract from black rice in pre-eclamptic model rat, specifically related to its ability to maintain physiological activity of cardiovascular system. In this study, animal model was induced by multi-dose of tryponil sulphate 70mg/kgBW at 9th, 10th, 11th day of pregnancy, and the groups were devided into negative and positive control, treatment groups: P1, P2, P3 differed by ethanol extract dosages (12,5mg/kgBW, 25mg/kgBW, 50mg/kgBW respectively). Treatment started from day 12th to 18th of pregnancy, continued by statistical analysis to examined endothelin-1 immunohistochemistry expression using one way ANOVA and Tuckey-Test. This study indicated both the lowest expression of endothelin-1 and the normal structure of heart myofibrils, after histological examination, were identically displayed at P3 (50mg/kgBW ethanol extract) among groups. According to this study, we suggested that the ethanol extract of black rice possibly has certain compound either directly or indirectly induced cardiovascular changes during pre-eclamptic condition.</jats:p