The problematic use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in adolescents by the cross sectional JOITIC study

Background: The emerging field of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) has brought about new interaction styles. Its excessive use may lead to addictive behaviours. The objective is to determine the prevalence of the problematic use of ICT such as Internet, mobile phones and video games, among adolescents enrolled in mandatory Secondary Education (ESO in Spanish) and to examine associated factors. Methods: Cross sectional, multi-centric descriptive study. Population: 5538 students enrolled in years one to four of ESO at 28 schools in the Vallès Occidental region (Barcelona, Spain). Data collection: self-administered socio-demographic and ICT access questionnaire, and validated questionnaires on experiences related to the use of the Internet, mobile phones and video games (CERI, CERM, CERV). Results: Questionnaires were collected from 5,538 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 20 (77.3 % of the total response), 48.6 % were females. Problematic use of the Internet was observed in 13.6 % of the surveyed individuals; problematic use of mobile phones in 2.4 % and problematic use in video games in 6.2 %. Problematic Internet use was associated with female students, tobacco consumption, a background of binge drinking, the use of cannabis or other drugs, poor academic performance, poor family relationships and an intensive use of the computer. Factors associated with the problematic use of mobile phones were the consumption of other drugs and an intensive use of these devices. Frequent problems with video game use have been associated with male students, the consumption of other drugs, poor academic performance, poor family relationships and an intensive use of these games. Conclusions: This study offers information on the prevalence of addictive behaviours of the Internet, mobile phones and video game use. The problematic use of these ICT devices has been related to the consumption of drugs, poor academic performance and poor family relationships. This intensive use may constitute a risk marker for ICT addictio

The screens culture: impact on ADHD

Children’s use of electronic media, including Internet and video gaming, has increased dramatically to an average in the general population of roughly 3 h per day. Some children cannot control their Internet use leading to increasing research on “internet addiction.” The objective of this article is to review the research on ADHD as a risk factor for Internet addiction and gaming, its complications, and what research and methodological questions remain to be addressed. The literature search was done in PubMed and Psychinfo, as well as by hand. Previous research has demonstrated rates of Internet addiction as high as 25% in the population and that it is addiction more than time of use that is best correlated with psychopathology. Various studies confirm that psychiatric disorders, and ADHD in particular, are associated with overuse, with severity of ADHD specifically correlated with the amount of use. ADHD children may be vulnerable since these games operate in brief segments that are not attention demanding. In addition, they offer immediate rewards with a strong incentive to increase the reward by trying the next level. The time spent on these games may also exacerbate ADHD symptoms, if not directly then through the loss of time spent on more developmentally challenging tasks. While this is a major issue for many parents, there is no empirical research on effective treatment. Internet and off-line gaming overuse and addiction are serious concerns for ADHD youth. Research is limited by the lack of measures for youth or parents, studies of children at risk, and studies of impact and treatment

Abstract 3317: Comparative biodistribution and radiotherapeutic efficacy of the fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeting agents FAP-2286 and FAPI-46

Abstract Background: FAP is a membrane-bound protease under investigation as a pan-cancer target given its limited expression in normal adult tissues but high expression on cancer-associated fibroblasts. FAP-2286 and FAPI-46 are radiotracers in clinical development that target FAP through different modalities: FAP-2286 employs a peptide macrocycle, whereas FAPI-46 is a quinoline-based small molecule. Here, the biochemical and cellular properties of FAP-2286 and FAPI-46 were evaluated, as well as their in vivo biodistribution and efficacy. Methods: FAP-2286 and FAPI-46 were assessed in biochemical and cellular assays for affinity to FAP and cellular uptake. Complexes of the compounds with gallium-68 (68Ga) or lutetium-177 (177Lu) were investigated in imaging and efficacy studies using the HEK-FAP xenograft mouse model. Results: FAP-2286 and FAPI-46 displayed potent affinity to human FAP by surface plasmon resonance with equilibrium dissociation constants of 1.1 and 0.04 nM, respectively. In addition, FAP-2286 and FAPI-46 inhibited human FAP protease activity with IC50 of 3.2 and 1.2 nM, respectively, and competitor binding to FAP-expressing cells with IC50 of 2.7 and 1.3 nM, respectively. In a PET imaging study, 68Ga-FAP-2286 or 68Ga-FAPI-46 resulted in comparable tumor uptake at 1 hour after injection (10 MBq; 10.6 vs 10.1 percent injected dose per gram [%ID/g]). In contrast, 177Lu-FAP-2286 and 177Lu-FAPI-46 had significant differences in tumor uptake at 24 hours (30 MBq; 15.8 vs 3.8 %ID/g, respectively; P=0.001) and 72 hours (16.4 vs 1.6 %ID/g respectively; P=0.002) after dosing as observed by SPECT imaging. Consistent with the SPECT imaging data, Alexa Fluor 488-derivatized FAP-2286 was retained in cells and secluded in endosomes out to 72 hours in vitro, whereas Alexa Fluor 488-derivatized FAPI-46 levels decreased over time starting at 8 hours, despite both showing a similar level of binding and initial internalization to HEK-FAP cells. FAP-2286 and FAPI-46 labeled with 177Lu demonstrated antitumor efficacy with mean tumor volumes (MTV) of 107 and 245 mm3, respectively, on day 9 after dosing compared with 952 mm3 for vehicle control (30 MBq; P&amp;lt;0.001). The suppressed tumor growth was maintained on day 23 for FAP-2286- but not for FAPI-46-treated animals (MTV 12 vs 1210 mm3; P&amp;lt;0.0001). At the end of the study (day 41), all mice treated with 177Lu-FAPI-46 had reached the endpoint MTV of &amp;gt;1500 mm³ with a median survival time (MST) of 27.5 days, whereas the MTV of mice treated with 177Lu-FAP-2286 was 106 mm3 with MST not being reached. Conclusions: In preclinical studies, the radiotherapeutic 177Lu-FAP-2286 showed longer tumor retention, resulting in greater tumor inhibition than 177Lu-FAPI-46. The phase 1/2 LuMIERE clinical trial (NCT04939610) will evaluate FAP-2286 as a therapeutic (177Lu-FAP-2286) and imaging (68Ga-FAP-2286) agent in multiple indications. Citation Format: Dirk Zboralski, Aileen Hoehne, Anne Bredenbeck, Matthias Paschke, Jan Lennart von Hacht, Jim Xiao, Andrew D. Simmons, Frank Osterkamp, Thomas Harding, Minh Nguyen. Comparative biodistribution and radiotherapeutic efficacy of the fibroblast activation protein (FAP)-targeting agents FAP-2286 and FAPI-46 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 3317.</jats:p