Traditional Medicolore in Badwani District (M.P.) India

The study concerns significant ethnobotanical information of 25 plant species belonging to 25 genera and 19 families traditionally used by the aborigines and rural folks of Badwani district, Of these 21 species are being noted for the first time from Indian region.  Madhya Pradesh (India) to treat various human diseases such as, impotency, intestinal worms, fever, constipation, ring worms, eczema, hepatitis, menstrual complaints, urinary complaints, migraine stomach-ache, bone fracture, lactation, piles, night blindness, pregnancy and abortion, etc.,This paper highlights traditional uses of plants used by the rural and tribal people. The district is inhabited with tribes viz., Gond, Baiga, Koraku, Bhariaya, Halba, Bhil, Kaul and Pawara. The population of the region is predominantly rural and tribal having considerable knowledge about ambient plant wealth and their traditional utility. The present work is an attempt to collect document and evaluate the ethnomedicinal claims in the areas under study. Key words: Ethnomedicine, Badwani District, Madhya Pradesh P. S. Patil. Traditional Medicolore in Badwani District (M.P.) India. J Phytol 2/12 (2010) 49-53

Ethnomedicinal Knowledge of Plants used by Local People in Buldhana District of Maharashtra (India)

The present investigation was aimed at documentation, analysis and evaluation of ethnomedicinal knowledge in the study area as the forces of acculturation are rapid in recent times. The underprivileged tribal and rural people of Buldhana district (Maharashtra India) do not receive adequate primary healthcare.  They have perforce been  still utilizing traditionally the plants in their surrounding for various purposes including ethnomedicine. The objective of the study was to document ethnobotanical knowledge especially of notable herbs utilized by the different backward people, whether tribal or rural, in the area under study.  Season-wise regular visits formed the basis of the present investigation.  Ethnomedicinal data was obtained through structural interviews, and discussions, following Jain (1987), with the tribal/rural informants, healers, medicine-men/women, etc. (with age between 50-65) or actual personal observations during ethnobotanical forays.  Minimum five to eight informants were taken into consideration for each claim.  This investigation brought on record that people of the study area generally utilize 62 plants species belonging 38 families.  Different plant parts such as fruit, stem-bark and root are most commonly employed.  Medicinal recipes viz. extract, powder and decoction are used in this preferential order. A fair wide range of diseases, as many as 35, are treated by people of Buldhana district using local plants. Jaundice and rheumatism are more prevalent in the study areas as compared to other diseases.  These ethnomedicinal claims may aid in finding novel lead molecules for welfare of mankind. The data would be useful for further scientific investigations

Investigation on folkloric medicines in Badwani district (M.P.) India

The paper communicates first-hand information on 25 plant species belonging to 25 genera and 21 families traditionally used by the aborigines and rural populace of Badwani district (Madhya Pradesh, India) to treat various human diseases.Of these, 16 species are being reported for the first time from India. These are administered to various diseases such as dysentery, whitlow, throat infection, mouth ulcers, earache, impotency, fever, bone-fever, cough, migraine, stomach-ache, bone fracture, rheumatism, post-pregnancy complaints, etc., They are employed in the form of extract, infusion, paste, powder, juice, decoction, etc. The district is inhabited by tribes viz., Gond, Baiga, Koraku, Bhariaya, Halba, Bhil, Kaul and Pawara. The population of the region is predominantly rural and tribal having considerable knowledge about ambient plant wealth and their traditional utilities. The correct scientific name of plant, family and local names, preparations of medicinal recipes, dosage, mode of administration and diseases treated are given. These have been gathered from medicine-men, elders and experienced informants. This is attempt to evaluate the ethnomedicinal claims, which in turn on further scientific scrutiny, may emerge as new drugs. ÂÂ

Foliar epidermal investigations in some hitherto unstudied Convolvulaceae-II

The present paper contributes to the anatomy of the family Convolvulaceae.In all, six genera and 10 species have been surveyed for epidermal features in detail. They have been investigated covering stomatal type, index, frequency and number of subsidiaries, cell wall contours and cuticular striations. The leaves are amphistomatic and have commonly paracytic types, apart from rare to occasional occurrence of other stomatal types and abnormalities

Aquatic Fungi from North Maharashtra-VII

Conidia of water-borne hyphomycetes are reported in foam samples collected from the river Tapti and Panzara of North Maharashtra. In all, five hyphomycetous taxa assignable to five genera were identified. The foam spora of North Maharashtra represents a mixture of both tropical and temperate fungi. Three species viz. Anguillospora crassa Ingold, Lunulospora curvula Ingold and Tetracladium marchalianum de Wildman are being reported for the first time from North Maharashtra region while two species viz. Campylospora filicladia Nawawi, Clavariopsis azalanii Nawawi, are being reported for the first time from Maharashtra State. Brief notes and illustration are given for each taxon. Geographical distribution of these fungi in India is also provided

Aquatic Fungi from Nasik District-I

The paper deals with five species of aquatic fungi belonging to five genera of freshwater hyphomycetes found in foam samples collected from Trambkeshwar stream of Nasik District. The foam spora of this region represents mixture of both tropical and temperate species. Brief notes and illustration are given for each taxon. Geographical distribution of each species in India is also provided

Ethnomedicinal claims of some botanicals sold by vendors in North Maharashtra (India)

Ethnobotanical surveys were carried out since June 2008 and information was gained through open discussions and interviews with the tradipractitioners. The present paper deals with the botanicals sold by the vendors in Nasik, Dhule, Nandurbar, Jalgaon and Buldhana districts of North Maharashtra (India). The objective of investigation was to gather and document information on application of botanicals by the tradipractitioners in the region. Presently, 29 plant species belonging to 29 genera and 24 families are being informed. Of these, 21 species are noted for the first time from Indian region. The data accrued is evaluated by cross-cultural comparisons with other Indian claims to bring out veracity and additional claims. These are administered in the form of decoction, infusion, paste, oil, juice, powder, extract, etc.  In many applications, they use a sole drug or occasionally supplemented by other botanicals or substances like sugar, honey, oil, cow-ghee, cow, goat-milk, etc. These are administered to combat common diseases such as snake-bite, sperm count, diabetes, sun stroke, eczema, bleeding, body heat, heart problem, rheumatism, stomach complaints, migraine, ulcer, asthma, abdominal pain, whiteness of eyes, sexual power, tooth-ache, menstruation, impotency, leucorrhoea, bone fracture, piles, jaundice, heart attack, etc

On Identities and Ethnomedicinal Claims of some Common Botanicals Sold by Vendors in North Maharashtra, India

The present paper deals with the botanicals sold by the vendors in Nasik, Dhule Nandurbar Jalgaon and Buldhana districts of North Maharashtra (India). An ethnobotanical survey was carried out since June 2008 and information was obtained through open discussions and interviews with tradipractitioners. Presently, 32 plant species of 29 genera belonging to 24 families are communicated. Of these 26 species are being noted for the first time from Indian region. These are administered in the form of decoction, infusion, paste, oil, ash, juice, powder, extract, slurry or in the form of particular recipes.  Even they are used raw or sometimes simply warmed.  In many cases, they use them as a sole drug or occasionally supplemented by other botanicals or substances like lump sugar, honey, oil, cow ghee, cow urine, etc. These are used to combat common diseases such as rheumatism, arthritis, acidity, scabies, wounds, jaundice constipation, diarrhea, dysentery, cough, menstrual complaints, stomach-ache, tooth-ache, ear-ache, paralysis diabetes, piles, impotency, kidney-stone, dropsy, nocturnal emission, goiter, leucorrhoea, abortion, fever etc. The data accrued is assessed by cross-cultural comparisons with other Indian claims to bring out veracity and uniqueness of the claims made. The objective of investigation was to gather and document information on utilization of botanicals by the tradipractitioners in the region. Key words: Ethnomedicine, Vendors, North Maharashtra Y. A. Ahirrao et al. On Identities and Ethnomedicinal Claims of some Common Botanicals Sold by Vendors in North Maharashtra, India. J Phytol 2/12 (2010) 09-13

First measurement of the Hubble Constant from a Dark Standard Siren using the Dark Energy Survey Galaxies and the LIGO/Virgo Binary–Black-hole Merger GW170814

International audienceWe present a multi-messenger measurement of the Hubble constant H 0 using the binary–black-hole merger GW170814 as a standard siren, combined with a photometric redshift catalog from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The luminosity distance is obtained from the gravitational wave signal detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)/Virgo Collaboration (LVC) on 2017 August 14, and the redshift information is provided by the DES Year 3 data. Black hole mergers such as GW170814 are expected to lack bright electromagnetic emission to uniquely identify their host galaxies and build an object-by-object Hubble diagram. However, they are suitable for a statistical measurement, provided that a galaxy catalog of adequate depth and redshift completion is available. Here we present the first Hubble parameter measurement using a black hole merger. Our analysis results in , which is consistent with both SN Ia and cosmic microwave background measurements of the Hubble constant. The quoted 68% credible region comprises 60% of the uniform prior range [20, 140] km s−1 Mpc−1, and it depends on the assumed prior range. If we take a broader prior of [10, 220] km s−1 Mpc−1, we find (57% of the prior range). Although a weak constraint on the Hubble constant from a single event is expected using the dark siren method, a multifold increase in the LVC event rate is anticipated in the coming years and combinations of many sirens will lead to improved constraints on H 0