Rare case of secondary headache due to intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula

Introduction: spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) accounts for 5% of all strokes, 85% caused by the rupture of intracranial aneurysms. There are many potential causes of non-aneurysmal SAH (15%), sometimes the source of bleeding is not identified. Up to 10% of SAH cases are caused by vascular malformations, such as cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) or dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVF), which account for 15% of these malformations. DAVF is defined by an abnormal connection between branches of arteries and veins in the dura mater. Objectives: we present a rare case of secondary headache due to DAVF. Case report: a 55-year-old female presented to the emergency department reporting "the worst headache of her life". In the previous week, she experienced a mild occipital headache. Her medical history included systemic hypertension, treated breast cancer, currently taking the oral aromatase inhibitor Letrozole, and right mastoidectomy due to recurrent otitis. Blood pressure, neurological and general clinical examination were unremarkable. Due to alarm signs in her history, a cranial CT scan of the head with and without contrast was performed, showing minimal cortical hyperdensity in the left frontal region suggestive of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Subsequently, an MRI was performed, confirming minimal hyperintensity on FLAIR. Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) was unremarkable. She underwent cerebral digital subtraction angiography, which demonstrated a right parietal dural arteriovenous fistula – with irrigation by the posterior meningeal artery (branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery) and drainage to a single cortical vein, classified as Cognard type 3. Embolization of the fistula was performed using liquid embolic material, resulting in complete resolution, and the patient was discharged asymptomatic 2 days later. After 2 years of follow-up, she remained free of new headaches, and control angiography showed total exclusion of the fistula. Conclusion: Dural arteriovenous fistulas with cortical venous drainage are associated with a high risk of bleeding and early rebleeding. The history of right mastoidectomy, as the oral taking of aromatase inhibitor were considered as possible risk factors in our case. This case report illustrates the importance of paying attention to alarm signs related to headaches, as well as conducting proper and early investigation and treatment

Italian healthcare workers' views on mandatory vaccination

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Mandatory vaccination has contributed to the success of immunisation programmes but voluntary vaccination allows people to be responsible for their own health. There are benefits from both policies and the arguments between them remain subject to debate within and without the scientific community, both nationally and internationally. The aim of this study is to assess the opinions of those who actually work in the Vaccination Service.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>The survey was carried out using a self-administered standardised anonymous questionnaire given to all of the Vaccination Service employees in the Apulia Region.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of 302 completed questionnaire replies, 4.4% stated that mandatory vaccination should be abandoned now, 21.2% that it should be phased out, and 74.4% that it should be retained.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>An educational program should be set up to explain to Vaccination staff the value and worth of voluntary compared to mandatory vaccination and why high vaccination rates do not have to depend on compulsion.</p

Central nervous system high-grade neuroepithelial tumor with BCOR alteration: case report

Central nervous system high-grade neuroepithelial tumors with BCOR alteration are a rare disease. Currently, there are only 24 cases reported in the literature. They are characterized by a change involving the BCOR gene and have a poor prognosis. Studies are needed to improve the current therapy and outcomes of these neoplasms. This case report describes the clinical history of a patient with this pathology and aims to contribute to the current knowledge about this new entity

Inserção social das pessoas cegas: um estudo a partir do uso de tecnologias assistivas/ Social insert of the blind people: a study starting from use of assistive technologies's

O objetivo do trabalho foi contribuir para a acessibilidade das pessoas cegas. Os pesquisadores utilizaram a versão Alfa da Cartilha de Tecnologias Assistivas: 20 leitores de tela para acessibilidade promovendo a revisão dos links, testando um a um na rede Internet, para ver se estavam funcionando. Ao final, corrigiram um total de 5 links. Os resultados permitem inferir que o acesso às informações por pessoas cegas necessita estar correto, para não dificultar a inserção social. 

Estratégia de seleção precoce para rendimento de grãos e componentes do rendimento em aveia branca

Vários trabalhos têm sido desenvolvidos buscando uma maior eficiência de seleção de plantas em gerações com alta freqüência de heterozigotos. Comparou-se a resposta da seleção direta para rendimento de grãos, seleção indireta baseada no peso médio de grãos e seleção combinada de plantas de plantas em aveia (Avena sativa L.) para superior potencial produtivo e peso médio de grãos, utilizando o método colméia. As estratégias foram aplicadas nas safras agrícolas de 2001 e 2002 em populações F3 e F4, respectivamente, nos cruzamentos UPF 18 ;&acute;; TC 5, OR 2 ;&acute;; UPF 7 e OR 2 ;&acute;; UPF 18. As dez melhores combinações genéticas obtidas para cada cruzamento e estratégia de seleção foram avaliadas em ensaios de rendimento de grãos na safra agrícola de 2003. A seleção de plantas de maior rendimento de grãos e peso médio de grãos pode ser feita ainda em gerações com alto nível de heterozigose. A seleção direta para rendimento de grãos e a indireta com base no peso médio de grãos possibilitaram elevar a média dos caracteres sob seleção, entretanto, os genótipos obtidos pela primeira estratégia apresentaram baixo peso médio de grãos enquanto àqueles obtidos pela segunda apresentaram baixo potencial produtivo. A seleção deve ser conduzida de forma simultânea, buscando-se maximizar em um só genótipo elevado potencial de rendimento de grãos e peso de grãos, possibilitando a obtenção de máximo progresso genético para ambos os caracteres.Several studies have searched for higher efficiency on plant selection in generations bearing high frequency of heterozygotes. This work aims to compare the response of direct selection for grain yield, indirect selection through average grain weight and combined selection for higher yield potential and average grain weight of oat plants (Avena sativa L.), using the honeycomb breeding method. These strategies were applied in the growing seasons of 2001 and 2002 in F3 and F4 populations, respectively, in the crosses UPF 18 CTC 5, OR 2 ;&acute;; UPF 7 and OR 2 ;&acute;; UPF 18. The ten best genetic combinations obtained for each cross and selection strategy were evaluated in greenhouse yield trials. Selection of plants with higher yield and average grain weight might be performed on early generations with high levels of heterozygosis. The direct selection for grain yield and indirect selection for average grain weight enabled to increase the average of characters under selection. However, genotypes obtained through direct selection presented lower average grain weight and those obtained through the indirect selection presented lower yield potential. Selection strategies must be run simultaneously to combine in only one genotype high yield potential and large grain weight, enabling maximum genetic gain for both characters

Capacidade de combinação em genótipos de trigo estimada por meio de análise multivariada

The objective of this work was to estimate the combining ability of wheat lines using multivariate analysis, in order to identify crossing combinations with superior performance. Eight wheat parental lines were crossed in a complete diallel design without reciprocals. Crosses and advanced generations were obtained in the year 2007 in a full-line sowing system, and the hybrids were evaluated in 2008, in a randomized block design with three replicates. The data were treated using and multivariate , principal component analysis, and partial and multivariate diallel analyses. The cultivar BRS Guamirim was the parental genotype with the best performance for general combining ability for group 1 traits (grain yield, thousand grains weight, spike weight and number of grains per spike), whereas the cultivar Fundacep Raízes was the best for group 2 traits (days from emergence to bloom, days from bloom to maturation, and plant height). 'BRS Guamirim' x 'Fundacep Cristalino' (for group 1 traits) and 'Abalone' x 'Fundacep Cristalino' and 'Abalone' x 'Fundacep Raízes' (for group 2 traits) were the best crossings for specific combining ability.O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar capacidades de combinação de genótipos de trigo por meio de análise multivariada, de modo a identificar cruzamentos com desempenho superior. Foram cruzados oito genitores de trigo, na forma de dialelo completo, sem os recíprocos. Os cruzamentos e o avanço de geração foram realizados em 2007 no esquema de semeadura em linha cheia, e os híbridos foram avaliados em 2008, em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância uni e multivariada, análise de componentes principais e análise dialélica parcial e multivariada. Os genitores de melhor desempenho para capacidade geral de combinação para os caracteres do grupo 1 (rendimento de grãos, massa de mil grãos, massa de espiga e número de grãos por espiga) e do grupo 2 (dias da emergência à floração, dias da floração à maturação e estatura de planta) foram as cultivares BRS Guamirim e Fundacep Raízes, respectivamente. Os cruzamentos 'BRS Guamirim' x 'Fundacep Cristalino' (para os caracteres do grupo 1) e 'Abalone' x 'Fundacep Cristalino' e 'Abalone' x 'Fundacep Raízes' (para os caracteres do grupo 2) destacam-se pela capacidade específica de combinação

Combining ability of wheat genotypes estimated by multivariate analysis

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar capacidades de combinação de genótipos de trigo por meio de análise multivariada, de modo a identificar cruzamentos com desempenho superior. Foram cruzados oito genitores de trigo, na forma de dialelo completo, sem os recíprocos. Os cruzamentos e o avanço de geração foram realizados em 2007 no esquema de semeadura em linha cheia, e os híbridos foram avaliados em 2008, em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com três repetições. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância uni e multivariada, análise de componentes principais e análise dialélica parcial e multivariada. Os genitores de melhor desempenho para capacidade geral de combinação para os caracteres do grupo 1 (rendimento de grãos, massa de mil grãos, massa de espiga e número de grãos por espiga) e do grupo 2 (dias da emergência à floração, dias da floração à maturação e estatura de planta) foram as cultivares BRS Guamirim e Fundacep Raízes, respectivamente. Os cruzamentos 'BRS Guamirim' x 'Fundacep Cristalino' (para os caracteres do grupo 1) e 'Abalone' x 'Fundacep Cristalino' e 'Abalone' x 'Fundacep Raízes' (para os caracteres do grupo 2) destacam-se pela capacidade específica de combinação.The objective of this work was to estimate the combining ability of wheat lines using multivariate analysis, in order to identify crossing combinations with superior performance. Eight wheat parental lines were crossed in a complete diallel design without reciprocals. Crosses and advanced generations were obtained in the year 2007 in a full-line sowing system, and the hybrids were evaluated in 2008, in a randomized block design with three replicates. The data were treated using and multivariate , principal component analysis, and partial and multivariate diallel analyses. The cultivar BRS Guamirim was the parental genotype with the best performance for general combining ability for group 1 traits (grain yield, thousand grains weight, spike weight and number of grains per spike), whereas the cultivar Fundacep Raízes was the best for group 2 traits (days from emergence to bloom, days from bloom to maturation, and plant height). 'BRS Guamirim' x 'Fundacep Cristalino' (for group 1 traits) and 'Abalone' x 'Fundacep Cristalino' and 'Abalone' x 'Fundacep Raízes' (for group 2 traits) were the best crossings for specific combining ability