Particle-species dependent modification of jet-induced correlations in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV

We report PHENIX measurements of the correlation of a trigger hadron at intermediate transverse momentum (2.5<p_{T,trig}<4 GeV/c), with associated mesons or baryons at lower p_{T,assoc}, in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV. The jet correlations for both baryons and mesons show similar shape alterations as a function of centrality, characteristic of strong modification of the away-side jet. The ratio of jet-associated baryons to mesons for this jet increases with centrality and p_{T,assoc} and, in the most central collisions, reaches a value similar to that for inclusive measurements. This trend is incompatible with in-vacuum fragmentation, but could be due to jet-like contributions from correlated soft partons which recombine upon hadronization.Comment: 344 authors, 4 pages text, RevTeX, 4 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letters. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm

High p_T Direct Photon and pi^0 Triggered Azimuthal Jet Correlations in sqrt(s)=200 GeV p+p Collisions

Correlations of charged hadrons of 1 < pT < 10 GeV/c with high pT direct photons and pi^ 0 mesons in the range 5 <pT < 15 GeV/c are used to study jet fragmentation in the photon+jet and di-jet channels, respectively. The magnitude of the partonic transverse momentum, kT, is obtained by comparing to a model incorporating a Gaussian kT smearing. The sensitivity of the associated charged hadron spectra to the underlying fragmentation function is tested and the data are compared to calculations using recent global fit results. The shape of the direct photon-associated hadron spectrum as well as its charge asymmetry are found to be consistent with a sample dominated by quark-gluon Compton scattering. No significant evidence of fragmentation photon correlated production is observed within experimental uncertainties.Comment: 431 authors, 18 pages, 18 figures, 4 tables, RevTeX-4. Submitted to Physical Review D. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm

First narrow-band search for continuous gravitational waves from known pulsars in advanced detector data

Spinning neutron stars asymmetric with respect to their rotation axis are potential sources of continuous gravitational waves for ground-based interferometric detectors. In the case of known pulsars a fully coherent search, based on matched filtering, which uses the position and rotational parameters obtained from electromagnetic observations, can be carried out. Matched filtering maximizes the signalto- noise (SNR) ratio, but a large sensitivity loss is expected in case of even a very small mismatch between the assumed and the true signal parameters. For this reason, narrow-band analysis methods have been developed, allowing a fully coherent search for gravitational waves from known pulsars over a fraction of a hertz and several spin-down values. In this paper we describe a narrow-band search of 11 pulsars using data from Advanced LIGO’s first observing run. Although we have found several initial outliers, further studies show no significant evidence for the presence of a gravitational wave signal. Finally, we have placed upper limits on the signal strain amplitude lower than the spin-down limit for 5 of the 11 targets over the bands searched; in the case of J1813-1749 the spin-down limit has been beaten for the first time. For an additional 3 targets, the median upper limit across the search bands is below the spin-down limit. This is the most sensitive narrow-band search for continuous gravitational waves carried out so far

Fatores de risco relacionados ao Trabalho de Parto Prematuro em adolescentes grávidas: revisão integrativa da literatura

Introduction: Premature labor is one of the main complications in pregnancy and an important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is difficult to diagnose and there may be a variety of causes. The literature indicates that teenage pregnancy is a risk factor and may be considered on its own or in combination with others. Objective: Study the evidence in the literature on the subject: premature labor, relationship with teenage pregnancy and risk factors. Material and method: Integrative literature review based on the databases LILACS; MEDLINE, SciELO and PubMed. The search was performed in August 2015 with the following inclusion criteria: articles published in Portuguese, English and Spanish, from 2009 to 2014, which meet the review objective. Only studies with primary data were used and review studies were excluded. The search yielded 511 articles, of which the following were excluded: 339 studies because they were published outside the stipulated time period; 155 because they did not comply with the objectives; and 6 after they were fully read. The final sample consisted of 11 articles. Results: Analysis of the selected publications resulted in the identification of four thematic categories: access to and frequency of prenatal care; birth control and family planning education for adolescents; social, demographic and economic aspects vs. biological immaturity and social network support. Conclusion: The present study found that there is a relationship between teenage pregnancy and premature labor, although multiple risk factors are involved. Therefore, it is suggested that more studies be carried out on this topic.Introducción: El parto prematuro (TPP) es una de las principales complicaciones del embarazo y causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal. El diagnóstico es complejo y las causas pueden ser varias. La literatura sugiere que el embarazo adolescente es un factor de riesgo y puede considerarse de manera aislada o en asociación con otros. Objetivo: Analizar la evidencia disponible en la literatura sobre TPP relacionado con factores de riesgo de embarazo y adolescentes. Material y Método: Revisión Integradora con consulta en bases de datos: LILACS; MEDLINE, SciELO y PUBMED. Búsqueda en agosto de 2015, con los criterios de inclusión: artículos publicados en Portugués, Inglés y Español, de 2009 a 2014 y estudios con datos primarios. Encontrados 511 artículos de los cuales fueron excluidos: 339 estudios por haber sido publicados fuera del periodo; 155 por no cumplir con los objetivos y 6, después de leer el texto en su totalidad. De esta forma, la muestra final estuvo formada por 11 artículos. Resultados: El análisis de las publicaciones seleccionadas permitió la identificación de cuatro temas: el acceso y la asistencia a los servicios de atención prenatal; educación para la salud sobre la anticoncepción para adolescentes; aspectos socio-demográficos y económicos frente a la inmadurez biológica y el apoyo de la red social. Conclusión: A través del estudio, podemos identificar que existe una relación entre el embarazo adolescente y TPP, pero hay varios factores de riesgo implicados en esta ocurrencia. Por lo tanto, sugerimos que se deben hacer más estudios sobre el tema.Introdução: O trabalho de parto prematuro (TPP) é uma das principais complicações gestacionais e importante causa de morbimortalidade neonatal. Seu diagnóstico é complexo e as causas podem ser diversas. A literatura aponta que a gravidez na adolescência é fator de risco, podendo ser considerada isoladamente ou associado a outros. Objetivo: Analisar evidências disponíveis na literatura acerca da temática: trabalho de parto prematuro, relação com gestação na adolescência e fatores de risco. Material e método: Revisão integrativa a partir de consulta nas bases de dados: LILACS; MEDLINE, SciELO e PUBMED.  Busca realizada em agosto de 2015 com os critérios de inclusão: artigos publicados em português, inglês e espanhol, entre 2009 a 2014 de forma a atender o objetivo da revisão.  Foram utilizados apenas estudos com dados primários e estudos de revisão foram excluídos. Encontrados 511 artigos, dos quais foram excluídos: 339 estudos por terem sido publicados fora do período; 155 por não atenderem aos objetivos e 6, após a leitura do texto na íntegra.  Desta forma, a amostra final constituiu-se da análise de 11 artigos. Resultados: A análise das publicações selecionadas permitiu a identificação de quatro categorias temáticas: acesso e frequência aos serviços de pré-natal; educação em saúde em anticoncepção / planejamento familiar para adolescentes; aspectos sócio-demográficos-econômicos versus imaturidade biológica e apoio da rede social. Conclusão: Através deste estudo, podemos identificar que existe relação entre a gestação na adolescência e TPP, porém são múltiplos os fatores de risco envolvidos nesta ocorrência.  Assim, sugerimos que sejam realizados mais estudos sobre a temátic

Azimuthal anisotropy of neutral pion production in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV: Path-length dependence of jet quenching and the role of initial geometry

We have measured the azimuthal anisotropy of pi0's for 1 < pT < 18 GeV/c for Au+Au collisions at sqrt s_NN = 200 GeV. The observed anisotropy shows a gradual decrease in 3 < pT < 7 - 10 GeV/c, but remains positive beyond 10 GeV/c. The magnitude of this anisotropy is under-predicted, up to at least 10 GeV/c, by current perturbative QCD (pQCD) energy-loss model calculations. An estimate of the increase in anisotropy expected from initial-geometry modification due to gluon saturation effects and initial-geometry fluctuations is insufficient to account for this discrepancy. Calculations which implement a path length dependence steeper than what is implied by current pQCD energy-loss models, show reasonable agreement with the data.Comment: 384 authors, 6 pages text, 3 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm

Transverse momentum dependence of J/psi polarization at midrapidity in p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV

We report the measurement of the transverse momentum dependence of inclusive J/psi polarization in p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV performed by the PHENIX Experiment at RHIC. The polarization is studied in the helicity, Gottfried-Jackson, and Collins-Soper frames for p_T < 5 GeV/c and |y| < 0.35. The J/psi polarization in the helicity and Gottfried-Jackson frames is consistent with zero for all transverse momenta, with a slight (1.8 sigma) trend towards longitudinal polarization for transverse momenta above 2 GeV/c. No conclusion is allowed due to the limited acceptance in the Collins-Soper frame and the uncertainties of the current data. The results are compared to observations for other collision systems and center of mass energies and to different quarkonia production models.Comment: 384 authors from 62 institutions, 11 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. v2 is expanded version submitted to Physical Review D. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures are available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm

Transverse momentum and centrality dependence of dihadron correlations in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV: Jet-quenching and the response of partonic matter

Azimuthal angle \Delta\phi correlations are presented for charged hadrons from dijets for 0.4 < p_T < 10 GeV/c in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN) = 200 GeV. With increasing p_T, the away-side distribution evolves from a broad to a concave shape, then to a convex shape. Comparisons to p+p data suggest that the away-side can be divided into a partially suppressed "head" region centered at Delta\phi ~ \pi, and an enhanced "shoulder" region centered at Delta\phi ~ \pi +/- 1.1. The p_T spectrum for the "head" region softens toward central collisions, consistent with the onset of jet quenching. The spectral slope for the "shoulder" region is independent of centrality and trigger p_T, which offers constraints on energy transport mechanisms and suggests that the "shoulder" region contains the medium response to energetic jets.Comment: 420 authors from 58 institutions, 6 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Physical Review Letters. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm

Performance evaluation of primary care services for the treatment of tuberculosis

Objetivo Avaliar o desempenho dos serviços de Atenção Básica para o tratamento da tuberculose segundo o referencial de avaliação dos serviços de saúde (estrutura/processo) em Cabedelo, município portuário da Paraíba. Método Pesquisa avaliativa, quantitativa, de corte transversal onde foram realizadas 117 entrevistas com os profissionais de saúde, através de um instrumento estruturado. A análise pautou-se na construção de indicadores, utilizando-se valor padronizado para a variável reduzida (z=1). Resultados Os indicadores estruturais apresentaram desempenho regular para as variáveis: capacitação profissional; acesso a instrumentos de registro; articulação com outros serviços. Quanto ao processo, os indicadores relacionados às ações externas e informações sobre a doença apresentaram desempenho insatisfatório. O tratamento diretamente observado e os fluxos de referência/contrarreferência tiveram desempenho regular. Conclusão A qualificação profissional focalizada, a fragmentação das práticas e a atenção domiciliária assistemática, constituem em obstáculos para o desempenho de ações voltadas à prestação do cuidado ampliado, contínuo e resolutivo.Objetivo Evaluar el desempeño de los servicios de Atención Básica para el tratamiento de la tuberculosis según el marco de referencia de evaluación de los servicios de salud (estructura/proceso) en Cabedelo, municipio portuario de Paraíba. Método Investigación evaluativa, cuantitativa, de corte transversal en donde se llevaron a cabo 117 entrevistas con los profesionales de salud, mediante un instrumento estructurado. El análisis se pautó en la construcción de indicadores, utilizándose valor estandarizado para la variable reducida (z=1). Resultados Los indicadores estructurales presentaron desempeño regular para las variables: capacitación profesional; acceso a instrumentos de registro; articulación con otros servicios. En cuanto al proceso, los indicadores relacionados con las acciones exteriores e informaciones acerca de la enfermedad presentaron desempeño insatisfactorio. El tratamiento directamente observado y los flujos de referencia/contrarreferencia tuvieron desempeño regular. Conclusión La cualificación profesional enfocada, la fragmentación de las prácticas y la atención domiciliaria asistemática se constituyen en obstáculos para el desempeño de acciones dirigidas a la prestación del cuidado ampliado, continuo y resolutivo.Objective Evaluating the performance of primary care services for the treatment of tuberculosis according to the assessment referential of health services (structure/process) in Cabedelo, a port city in the state of Paraíba. Method An evaluation quantitative, cross-sectional study, in which were carried out 117 interviews with health professionals using a structured instrument. The analysis was based on the construction of indicators using a standardized value for the reduced variable (z=1). Results The structural indicators showed regular performance for the following variables: professional training, access to record instruments and coordination with other services. The process indicators related to external actions and information about the disease had unsatisfactory performance. The directly observed treatment and the flows of reference/counter-reference had regular performance. Conclusion The focused professional qualification, the fragmentation of practices and the unsystematic home care constitute obstacles for carrying out actions aimed at providing expanded, continuous and resolute care.


Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

First measurement of the Hubble Constant from a Dark Standard Siren using the Dark Energy Survey Galaxies and the LIGO/Virgo Binary–Black-hole Merger GW170814

International audienceWe present a multi-messenger measurement of the Hubble constant H 0 using the binary–black-hole merger GW170814 as a standard siren, combined with a photometric redshift catalog from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The luminosity distance is obtained from the gravitational wave signal detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)/Virgo Collaboration (LVC) on 2017 August 14, and the redshift information is provided by the DES Year 3 data. Black hole mergers such as GW170814 are expected to lack bright electromagnetic emission to uniquely identify their host galaxies and build an object-by-object Hubble diagram. However, they are suitable for a statistical measurement, provided that a galaxy catalog of adequate depth and redshift completion is available. Here we present the first Hubble parameter measurement using a black hole merger. Our analysis results in , which is consistent with both SN Ia and cosmic microwave background measurements of the Hubble constant. The quoted 68% credible region comprises 60% of the uniform prior range [20, 140] km s−1 Mpc−1, and it depends on the assumed prior range. If we take a broader prior of [10, 220] km s−1 Mpc−1, we find (57% of the prior range). Although a weak constraint on the Hubble constant from a single event is expected using the dark siren method, a multifold increase in the LVC event rate is anticipated in the coming years and combinations of many sirens will lead to improved constraints on H 0