Antimicrobial Activity and High Anticorrosion Efficiency of Carpobrotus acinaciformis L. Extracts Against C1020 Carbon Steel Corrosion in a Hydrochloric Acid Medium

Corrosion causes significant damage to materials and equipment, prompting the search for effective inhibitors. This study investigates the use of Carpobrotus acinaciformis (CA) leaf extracts as alternative corrosion inhibitors for C1020 carbon steel in hydrochloric acid (HCl). Two extraction methods were employed: aqueous (denoted as CAW) and methanolic (denoted as CAM) extracts of Carpobrotus acinaciformis leaves. Electrochemical characterization, including polarization curves and electrochemical im pedance spectroscopy (EIS), was conducted to evaluate the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the extracts. Additionally, antimicrobial and antifungal activities were assessed against four bacterial strains and one yeast species. Surface and chemical analyses, performed using UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR, and SEM, demonstrated that the inhibition efficiency (IE) increased with higher inhibitor concentrations. The CAM extract exhibit ed an inhibition efficiency (IE) of 96.36 % at 350 ppm, while the CAW extract achieved 94.73 % IE at 450 ppm. FTIR analysis identified key functional groups, such as hydroxyl and carbonyl, while SEM analysis confirmed the reduction in corrosion. These findings suggest that CAM and CAW extracts are effective, eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors and antimicrobial agents for C1020 carbon steel in an acidic environment. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Baseline Studies on Water and Sediments in the Copper Mining Region of Salobo-3A, Carajas: Amazon, Brazil

A survey was performed in the hydrological system of the Salobo 3A region, in the Carajás Mining Province, to obtain baseline data on the water chemistry, on the copper concentration and copper speciation, and to evaluate the first environmental impacts derived from anthropogenic activities. Measurements included copper concentration and speciation and a number of essential parameters to characterize water and sediment matrices. The natural background Cu concentration in Salobo waters is around 50-60 nmol L-1 while in the vicinities of the mining complex it reaches more than 300 nmol L-1. In sediments, concentrations ranged between 61 to 1.744 mug g-1. The mining activities at pilot scale resulted in substantial change in the copper distribution between particulate and dissolved phases, as well as in the dissolved copper speciation. Concentration of major water components is low compared to North America and world river average

Effect of Remote Ischemic Preconditioning on Rat Estradiol Serum Levels and Follicular Development After Ovarian Transplantation

Purpose. the purpose of this study was to evaluate estradiol serum levels and follicular development in rats subjected to ovarian autologous transplantation with or without remote ischemic preconditioning (R-IPC).Methods. Seventy-two adult female Wistar EPM-1 rats were distributed into 3 groups: (1) controls; (2) ovarian transplantation; and (3) ovarian transplantation + R-IPC. the groups were divided into subgroups, according to the prefixed date for euthanasia: 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, and 7th postoperative day (PO). R-IPC was performed by clamping the common iliac artery for a 15-minute period of ischemia followed by 15 minutes of reperfusion, before undergoing ovarian transplantation. the graft was fixed to the retroperitoneum with a simple 8-0 prolene thread. Blood samples were collected from the vena cava. for evaluation of follicular development, the ovarian follicles were classified as immature and mature follicles besides corpora lutea. Only the viable follicles and functioning corpora lutea were counted.Results. At 72 hours, the R-IPC group showed higher estradiol values than the other groups, which were similar. After 24 hours the mean values were similar among all groups, and at 48 hours the R-IPC group was similar to the transplanted group without IPC. Animals undergoing R-IPC showed superior morphologic aspects, but 7 days after transplantation the morphology was worse in all groups. R-IPC enhanced the number of immature follicles at 48 hours (P > .05) and number of mature follicles from 24 hours to 48 hours after transplantation (P < .01). Functioning corpora lutea number was increased as well.Conclusion. R-IPC increased the estradiol levels in autologous ovarian transplants associated with better graft morphology and more mature follicles.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Surg & Res Postgraduating Program, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Gynecol Postgraduating Program, BR-05508 São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Morphol Postgraduating Program, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Surg, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Surg & Res Postgraduating Program, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Morphol Postgraduating Program, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Surg, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Polypropylene and polypropylene/polyglecaprone (Ultrapro(r)) meshes in the repair of incisional hernia in rats

PURPOSE: To compare the inflammatory response of three different meshes on abdominal hernia repair in an experimental model of incisional hernia.METHODS: Median fascial incision and skin synthesis was performed on 30 Wistar rats. After 21 days, abdominal hernia developed was corrected as follows: 1) No mesh; 2) Polypropylene mesh; and, 3) Ultrapro(r) mesh. After 21 days, the mesh and surrounding tissue were submitted to macroscopic (presence of adhesions, mesh retraction), microscopic analysis to identify and quantify the inflammatory and fibrotic response using a score based on a predefined scale of 0-3 degrees, evaluating infiltration of macrophages, giant cells, neutrophils and lymphocytes.RESULTS: No significant difference was seen among groups in adherences, fibrosis, giant cells, macrophages, neutrophils or lymphocytes (p>0.05). Mesh shrinkage was observed in all groups, but also no difference was observed between polypropylene and Ultrapro mesh (7.0±9.9 vs. 7.4±10.1, respectively, p=0.967). Post-operatory complications included fistula, abscess, dehiscence, serohematic collection and reherniation, but with no difference among groups (p=0.363).CONCLUSION:There is no difference between polypropylene (high-density) and Ultrapro(r) (low-density) meshes at 21 days after surgery in extraperitoneal use in rats, comparing inflammatory response, mesh shortening, adhesions or complications