Características dos agravos e da assistência prestada aos idosos em um serviço pré-hospitalar móvel [Characteristics of disorders among older adults and the care provided by a mobile pre-hospital service]

O aumento do número de idosos que são vítimas de agravos oriundos de causas externas constitui objeto de preocupação dos profissionais de saúde. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa teve por objetivo caracterizar os principais agravos que acometem a população idosa em um serviço pré-hospitalar móvel no município de João Pessoa, Paraíba, e verificar o atendimento prestado a esses idosos por parte dos profissionais de saúde. Trata-se de um estudo documental e retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados em 546 fichas de atendimento do Serviço de Atendimento Médico de Urgência do referido município, no período de janeiro a julho de 2011. A pesquisa constatou que a assistência préhospitalar móvel oferecida a pacientes idosos demanda abordagens criteriosas. A partir dos achados se identifica a carência de planejamento específico para o público em questão e a inexistência de procedimentos específicos de atendimento diante da crescente necessidade de abordagens preventivas para os idosos vitimados.   ABSTRACT: Health professionals are concerned by the increasing numbers of elderly people suffering disorders from external causes. In that light, this retrospective, quantitative, documentary study aimed to characterize the main disorders among older adults in a mobile pre-hospital service in the city of Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil, and to examine the corresponding care provided by health professionals. Data were collected from 546 medical records of the city’s Emergency Medical Care Service, from January to July 2011. The study found that mobile pre-hospital care provided to elderly patients must be approached on clear criteria. The findings revealed a lack of specific planning for this public and an absence of specific care procedures given the increasing need for preventive approaches to elderly casualties.   RESUMEN: El aumento del número de ancianos que son víctimas de lesiones provenientes de causas externas constituye preocupación de los profesionales de salud. En ese sentido, el objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar las principales lesiones que afectan a la población anciana en un servicio prehospitalario móvil en la ciudad de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil, y verificar la atención prestada a eses ancianos por los profesionales de salud. Esto es un estudio documental y retrospectivo con abordaje cuantitativo. Los datos fueron recogidos en 546 registros médicos del Servicio de Atención Médica de Urgencia del municipio en cuestión, en el periodo de enero a julio de 2011. La investigación constató que la asistencia prehospitalaria móvil ofrecida a pacientes ancianos requiere abordajes juiciosos. A partir de los hallazgos se encuentra la carencia de planeamiento específico para el público en cuestión y la inexistencia de procedimientos específicos

Características dos agravos e da assistência prestada aos idosos em um serviço pré-hospitalar móvel [Characteristics of disorders among older adults and the care provided by a mobile pre-hospital service]

O aumento do número de idosos que são vítimas de agravos oriundos de causas externas constitui objeto de preocupação dos profissionais de saúde. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa teve por objetivo caracterizar os principais agravos que acometem a população idosa em um serviço pré-hospitalar móvel no município de João Pessoa, Paraíba, e verificar o atendimento prestado a esses idosos por parte dos profissionais de saúde. Trata-se de um estudo documental e retrospectivo de abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados em 546 fichas de atendimento do Serviço de Atendimento Médico de Urgência do referido município, no período de janeiro a julho de 2011. A pesquisa constatou que a assistência préhospitalar móvel oferecida a pacientes idosos demanda abordagens criteriosas. A partir dos achados se identifica a carência de planejamento específico para o público em questão e a inexistência de procedimentos específicos de atendimento diante da crescente necessidade de abordagens preventivas para os idosos vitimados.   ABSTRACT: Health professionals are concerned by the increasing numbers of elderly people suffering disorders from external causes. In that light, this retrospective, quantitative, documentary study aimed to characterize the main disorders among older adults in a mobile pre-hospital service in the city of Joao Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil, and to examine the corresponding care provided by health professionals. Data were collected from 546 medical records of the city’s Emergency Medical Care Service, from January to July 2011. The study found that mobile pre-hospital care provided to elderly patients must be approached on clear criteria. The findings revealed a lack of specific planning for this public and an absence of specific care procedures given the increasing need for preventive approaches to elderly casualties.   RESUMEN: El aumento del número de ancianos que son víctimas de lesiones provenientes de causas externas constituye preocupación de los profesionales de salud. En ese sentido, el objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar las principales lesiones que afectan a la población anciana en un servicio prehospitalario móvil en la ciudad de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil, y verificar la atención prestada a eses ancianos por los profesionales de salud. Esto es un estudio documental y retrospectivo con abordaje cuantitativo. Los datos fueron recogidos en 546 registros médicos del Servicio de Atención Médica de Urgencia del municipio en cuestión, en el periodo de enero a julio de 2011. La investigación constató que la asistencia prehospitalaria móvil ofrecida a pacientes ancianos requiere abordajes juiciosos. A partir de los hallazgos se encuentra la carencia de planeamiento específico para el público en cuestión y la inexistencia de procedimientos específicos

Development of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana formulations for control of malaria mosquito larvae

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The entomopathogenic fungi <it>Metarhizium anisopliae </it>and <it>Beauveria bassiana </it>have demonstrated effectiveness against anopheline larvae in the laboratory. However, utilising these fungi for the control of anopheline larvae under field conditions, relies on development of effective means of application as well as reducing their sensitivity to UV radiation, high temperatures and the inevitable contact with water. This study was conducted to develop formulations that facilitate the application of <it>Metarhizium anisopliae </it>and <it>Beauveria bassiana </it>spores for the control of anopheline larvae, and also improve their persistence under field conditions.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Laboratory bioassays were conducted to test the ability of aqueous (0.1% Tween 80), dry (organic and inorganic) and oil (mineral and synthetic) formulations to facilitate the spread of fungal spores over the water surface and improve the efficacy of formulated spores against anopheline larvae as well as improve spore survival after application. Field bioassays were then carried out to test the efficacy of the most promising formulation under field conditions in western Kenya.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>When formulated in a synthetic oil (ShellSol T), fungal spores of both <it>Metarhizium anisopliae </it>and <it>Beauveria bassiana </it>were easy to mix and apply to the water surface. This formulation was more effective against anopheline larvae than 0.1% Tween 80, dry powders or mineral oil formulations. ShellSol T also improved the persistence of fungal spores after application to the water. Under field conditions in Kenya, the percentage pupation of <it>An. gambiae </it>was significantly reduced by 39 - 50% by the ShellSol T-formulated <it>Metarhizium anisopliae </it>and <it>Beauveria bassiana </it>spores as compared to the effects of the application of unformulated spores.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>ShellSol T is an effective carrier for fungal spores when targeting anopheline larvae under both laboratory and field conditions. Entomopathogenic fungi formulated with a suitable carrier are a promising tool for control of larval populations of malaria mosquitoes. Additional studies are required to identify the best delivery method (where, when and how) to make use of the entomopathogenic potential of these fungi against anopheline larvae.</p

ALTERNATIVA PARA O TRATAMENTO DO XERODERMA PIGMENTOSO E A UTILIZAÇÃO DE AUTO ENXERTO DE PELE TOTAL, RETIRADO DA REGIÃO ÍNGUINO-CRURAL

Tipo de Apresentação:  Comunicação ora

Avaliação da qualidade da água no Rio Grande no segmento entre estação de tratamento de esgoto do município de Barreiras – BA

A ingestão frequente de água contendo concentração de flúor acima do limite estabelecido pela legislação brasileira causa uma doença chamada fluorose dentária. Atualmente, o monitoramento do nível de flúor na água para consumo humano é realizado utilizando métodos potenciométricos, cromatográficos ou colorimétricos, que são relativamente caros e utilizam equipamentos de difícil deslocamento para análises de campo. Portanto, surge a necessidade de desenvolver métodos alternativos, visando rapidez, praticidade, mobilidade e redução do custo das análises. O aplicativo para smartphone PhotoMetrix® é um software livre de análise de imagens digitais utilizando modelos matemáticos univariados e multivariados. A captura de imagens pode ser feita através do próprio smartphone ou com uma câmera USB externa. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso do PhotoMetrix® no monitoramento da concentração de flúor em águas de abastecimento. Dois métodos de referência foram utilizados para comparação dos resultados: o método espectrofotométrico e o eletrodo de íon seletivos. Os resultados indicaram concordância entre os métodos, mostrando um coeficiente de determinação (R2) de 0,995 e erro de predição RMSEP (Root Mean Square Error of Prediction) de aproximadamente 0,05 mg L-1. Então, o PhotoMetrix® é um método satisfatório para a determinação de flúor, podendo se tornar uma alternativa viável para o monitoramento da qualidade da água, especialmente para sistemas alternativos de abastecimento</jats:p

RNA-Seq Study of Microbially Induced Hemocyte Transcripts from Larval Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Larvae of the tobacco budworm are major polyphagous pests throughout the Americas. Development of effective microbial biopesticides for this and related noctuid pests has been stymied by the natural resistance mediated innate immune response. Hemocytes play an early and central role in activating and coordinating immune responses to entomopathogens. To approach this problem we completed RNA-seq expression profiling of hemocytes collected from larvae following an &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; challenge with bacterial and fungal cell wall components to elicit an immune response. A &lt;em&gt;de novo&lt;/em&gt; exome assembly was constructed by combination of sequence tags from all treatments. Sequence tags from each treatment were aligned separately with the assembly to measure expression. The resulting table of differential expression had &gt; 22,000 assemblies each with a distinct combination of annotation and expression. Within these assemblies &gt; 1,400 were upregulated and &gt; 1,500 downregulated by immune activation with bacteria or fungi. Orthologs to innate immune components of other insects were identified including pattern recognition, signal transduction pathways, antimicrobial peptides and enzymes, melanization and coagulation. Additionally orthologs of components regulating hemocytic functions such as autophagy, apoptosis, phagocytosis and nodulation were identified. Associated cellular oxidative defenses and detoxification responses were identified providing a comprehensive snapshot of the early response to elicitation

A Single-Port, Multiple-Access, Custom-Made Device Used in Laparoscopically Assisted Cryptorchidectomy in Standing Horses—A Preliminary Study

This study evaluates a new multiport device with single access to the abdominal cavity produced with routine hospital supplies that could be applied to laparoscopically assisted cryptorchidectomy in standing horses. Initially, the new device was evaluated on five cadavers of bovine fetuses (n = 5), placed assisted in a minilaparotomy performed in the flank region. Subsequently, the device was evaluated in four cryptorchid horses treated during the hospital routine. During the evaluation of the new device, the possibilities of exploring the abdominal cavity, inspection, and intra-abdominal manipulation with two Babcock forceps were verified. The possibilities were described, and surgical time data were recorded and analyzed using descriptive statistics. In the cadavers, a wide exploration of the abdominal cavity was possible, with a laparoscopic inspection through the right paralumbar fossa and manipulation of intra-abdominal structures with Babcock forceps inserted by the new device. In cryptorchid horses, laparoscopically assisted cryptorchidectomy with a new device was feasible in two patients, and in the others, it allowed the diagnosis of adhesions and ectopic locations in the inguinal region of testicles retained in the cavity. Therefore, the new device was efficient in exploring the inguinal region of cryptorchid horses in the standing position. The present study is preliminary and can support future studies that aim to improve the developed prototype