Tobacco and Intra Ocular Pressure

Glaucoma is an optic nerve disorder caused by raised intraocular pressure. Among many drugs and agents causing glaucoma, tobacco has been found to be one of the important agents. It is important for the clinical practitioners as well as the general population to be aware of the ill effects of tobacco on ocular circulation and intra ocular pressure

Cancer Screening

Cancer screening is a means to detect cancer early with the goal of decreasing morbidity and mortality. At present, there is a reasonable consensus regarding screening for breast, cervical and colorectal cances and the role of screening is under trial in case of cancers of the lung,  ovaries and prostate. On the other hand, good screening tests are not available for some of the commonest cancers in India like the oral, pharyngeal, esophageal and stomach cancers

Cross Layer Aware Adaptive MAC based on Knowledge Based Reasoning for Cognitive Radio Computer Networks

In this paper we are proposing a new concept in MAC layer protocol design for Cognitive radio by combining information held by physical layer and MAC layer with analytical engine based on knowledge based reasoning approach. In the proposed system a cross layer information regarding signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) and received power are analyzed with help of knowledge based reasoning system to determine minimum power to transmit and size of contention window, to minimize backoff, collision, save power and drop packets. The performance analysis of the proposed protocol indicates improvement in power saving, lowering backoff and significant decrease in number of drop packets. The simulation environment was implement using OMNET++ discrete simulation tool with Mobilty framework and MiXiM simulation library.Comment: 8 page

Hardware Co-simulation of Anaglyph 3D image Using Xilinx System Generator

In modern era the trend of 3D movies and 3D projection took a very intensive attention. Stereoscopic 3D images are elementarily obtained by overlapping left and right eye images in different color planes of a single image for successive viewing through colored glasses. Here we present a novel FPGA based reconfigurable architecture for 3D image color space conversion RGB to YCbCr for implementing real-time DSP applications using Xilinx System Generator (XSG) for MATLAB. The CSC design is implemented in hardware which is realized using the Xilinx Block Sets presented in Simulink. From the hardware software co-simulation block VHDL/Verilog code is generated and is tested on Atlys FPGA Spartan 6 (xc6slx45-2csg324)

Artemether resistance in vitro is linked to mutations in PfATP6 that also interact with mutations in PfMDR1 in travellers returning with Plasmodium falciparum infections.

BACKGROUND: Monitoring resistance phenotypes for Plasmodium falciparum, using in vitro growth assays, and relating findings to parasite genotype has proved particularly challenging for the study of resistance to artemisinins. METHODS: Plasmodium falciparum isolates cultured from 28 returning travellers diagnosed with malaria were assessed for sensitivity to artemisinin, artemether, dihydroartemisinin and artesunate and findings related to mutations in pfatp6 and pfmdr1. RESULTS: Resistance to artemether in vitro was significantly associated with a pfatp6 haplotype encoding two amino acid substitutions (pfatp6 A623E and S769N; (mean IC50 (95% CI) values of 8.2 (5.7 - 10.7) for A623/S769 versus 623E/769 N 13.5 (9.8 - 17.3) nM with a mean increase of 65%; p = 0.012). Increased copy number of pfmdr1 was not itself associated with increased IC50 values for artemether, but when interactions between the pfatp6 haplotype and increased copy number of pfmdr1 were examined together, a highly significant association was noted with IC50 values for artemether (mean IC50 (95% CI) values of 8.7 (5.9 - 11.6) versus 16.3 (10.7 - 21.8) nM with a mean increase of 87%; p = 0.0068). Previously described SNPs in pfmdr1 are also associated with differences in sensitivity to some artemisinins. CONCLUSIONS: These findings were further explored in molecular modelling experiments that suggest mutations in pfatp6 are unlikely to affect differential binding of artemisinins at their proposed site, whereas there may be differences in such binding associated with mutations in pfmdr1. Implications for a hypothesis that artemisinin resistance may be exacerbated by interactions between PfATP6 and PfMDR1 and for epidemiological studies to monitor emerging resistance are discussed

Some flow features of the Indian summer monsoon deduced from Nimbus II radiation data

Radiation data obtained from Nimbus-II MRIR (10–11μ) and HRIR (3.5–4.1μ) radiometer for 14–19 June 1966, over the Indian Ocean are used to study some features of the monsoon circulation during the six-day period. Low values of radiation which are associated with cloudiness show two distinct features from 15–17 June: (i) a very extensive band of approximately 1000 km in width at the equator between 50°–60° E extending towards both hemispheres, and (ii) a synoptic-scale cell covering the equatorial region approx. between 70°–90° E and 0°–10° S. The two cloud systems are separated from each other by a wide region of high radiation indicating clear conditions. Sub-synoptic scale features could be detected in the radiation field (which in turn are related to the cloud field). Northern and Western sections of the Arabian Sea were relatively cloud-free. An attempt is made to relate the cloud fields with computed vertical motion fields. Areas of upward motion seem to coincide well with centers of low radiation (clouds) and those of subsidence with regions of high radiation. Horizontal flow features related to the computed vertical motion fields are discussed in the pape

A Prototype System using Lexical Chains for Web Images Retrieval Based on Text Description and Visual Features

Abstract--Content Based Image Retrieval, in the current scenario has not been analyzed adequate in the existing system. Here, we implement a prototype system for web based image retrieval. The system is based on description of images by lexical chains which are extracted from text related images in a web page. In this paper, we provide Relevance Feedback (RF) techniques that aim to the real world user requirements. The relevance feedback techniques, based on image text description are expanded to support image retrieval by combining textual and visual features. All the feedback techniques are implemented and compared with precision and recall criteria. The experimental results prove that retrieval methods that makes use of both text and visual features achieve overall better results than methods based only on image’s text description

Analysis of Cognitive Abilities in Students using Feature Optimization on EEG Signals

The characterization of brain activity during cognitive load is a topic of growing interest in the scientific community. The electroencephalography technique has been extensively utilized for this purpose, providing valuable insights into the neural correlates of cognitive processes. In this work, EEG recordsobtained from the Physionet repositoryare analyzed, which are recorded while subjects performed mathematical tasks. The study divides the total 36 signals into two groups: "Good" and "Bad", potentially reflecting different levels of cognitive ability. Various temporal, frequency, and wavelet features were extracted from the EEG data using various signal processing techniques. These features were then classified using a range of machine learning techniques, including Multilayer Perceptron, Support Vector Machines,K-Nearest Neighbors, Linear Discriminant Analysis, and Naive-Bayes. Further the results compared with those obtained after applying feature optimization techniques, such as Particle Swarm Optimization,Genetic Algorithms, Firefly Algorithm, Sequential Floating Forward Selection, and Sequential Forward Selection. The experimental findings suggest that the KNN classifier optimized with FFA is particularly effective in characterizing brain activity under mental cognitive conditions with an accuracy of 95.17%, precision of 95.47%, recall of 91.52%, F1-score of 93.28%, and a False Positive rate of only 4.53%.The outcomes highlight the potential of proposed approach for understanding the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive abilities