Representative Names of Computing Degree Programs Worldwide

Through the auspices of ACM and with support from the IEEE Computer Society, a task group charged to prepare the IT2017 report conducted an online international survey of computing faculty members about their undergraduate degree programs in computing. The purpose of this survey was to clarify the breadth of and disparities in nomenclature used by diverse communities in the computing field, where a word or phrase can mean different things in different computing communities. This paper examines the English-language words and phrases used to name the computing programs of almost six hundred survey respondents, and the countries in which those names are used. Over eight hundred program names analysed in this paper reveal six program names that together account for more than half of all program names. The paper goes on to consider possible correspondence between reported program names and the five areas of computing identified by the ACM. Names such as computer science and information technology appear to dominate, but with different meanings, while the names of other computing disciplines show clear geographic preferences. Convergence towards a very small number of highly representative program names in computing education worldwide might be deceptive. The paper calls for further examination and international collaborations to align program names with program curriculum content

Rohphosphatmobilisierung von Sommerweizen, Weißlupine und Ackerbohne in einer Fruchtfolge

In organic farming rock phosphate is used as a mineral P fertilizer, although the agronomic efficiency is limted. The objective of this study was to investigate in field and pot experiments the mobilization of rock phosphate by P-efficient plants (white lupin and faba bean) and the P availability for P-inefficient plants (spinach and maize) during a crop rotation in 2002/2003 and 2003/2004. The P uptake of spinach was higher in a crop rotation with white lupin and faba bean than in a crop rotation with summer wheat. In pot experiments the application of new basic slag phosphate (CaHPO4) resulted to a higher P uptake of the plants than rock phosphate

Rewriting Systems over Nested Data Words

We propose a generic framework for reasoning about infinite state systems handling data like integers, booleans etc. and having complex control structures. We consider that configurations of such systems are represented by nested data words, i.e., words of ... words over a potentially infinite data domain. We define a logic called $ndwl$ allowing to reason about nested data words, and we define rewriting systems called $ndwrs$ over these nested structures. The rewriting systems are constrained by formulas in the logic specifying the rewriting positions as well as structure/data transformations. We define a fragment $Sigma_2^*$ of $ndwl$ with a decidable satisfiability problem. Moreover, we show that the transition relation defined by rewriting systems with $Sigma_2^*$ constraints can be effectively defined in the same fragment. These results can be used in the automatization of verification problems such as inductive invariance checking and bounded reachability analysis. Our framework allows to reason about a wide range of concurrent systems including multithreaded programs (with procedure calls, thread creation, global/local variables over infinite data domains, locks, monitors, etc.), dynamic networks of timed systems, cache coherence/mutex/communication protocols, etc

An invisibility cloak using silver nanowires

In this paper, we use the parameter retrieval method together with an analytical effective medium approach to design a well-performed invisible cloak, which is based on an empirical revised version of the reduced cloak. The designed cloak can be implemented by silver nanowires with elliptical cross-sections embedded in a polymethyl methacrylate host. This cloak is numerically proved to be robust for both the inner hidden object as well as incoming detecting waves, and is much simpler thus easier to manufacture when compared with the earlier proposed one [Nat. Photon. 1, 224 (2007)].Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 table

Penyimpangan Prinsip Kerja Sama dan Prinsip Kesopanan pada Novel Humor Bukan 3 Idiot Karya Boim Lebon

Tujuan penelitian ini ada dua. (1) Memaparkan penyimpangan prinsip kerja sama yang digunakan sebagai sarana penciptaan humor dalam novel humor Bukan 3 Idiot karya Boim Lebon. (2) Memaparkan penyimpangan prinsip kesopanan sebagai sarana penciptaan humor dalam novel humor Bukan 3 Idiot karya Boim Lebon. Subjek penelitian ini yaitu novel humor Bukan 3 Idiot karya Boim Lebon. Objek penelitian ini adalah penyimpangan prinsip kerja sama dan prinsip kesopanan. Data penelitian adalah penyimpangan prinsip kerja sama dan prinsip kesopanan pada novel humor Bukan 3 Idiot karya Boim Lebon. Sumber data penelitian adalah pada novel humor Bukan 3 Idiot karya Boim Lebon. Teknik dalam pengumpulan data menggunakan metode simak dan teknik catat. Keabsahan data penelitian ini menggunakan triangulasi teori. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah metode padan relevansial. Teknik dasar yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah teknik pilah referensial. Proses dalam menganalisis data penelitian ini menggunakan teknik lanjutan yaitu teknik hubung banding memperbandingkan (teknik HBB). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan novel Bukan 3 Idiot karya Boim Lebon ada dua temuan. Dari penyimpangan bahasa pada novel humor Bukan 3 Idiot karya Boim Lebon ditemukan 30 data pada penyimpangan prinsip kerja sama dan 17 data pada penyimpangan prinsip kesopanan dengan tujuan untuk memunculkan kelucuan dan membuat pembaca ketawa. Dalam penyimpangan prinsip kerja sama secara tidak langsung memunculkan efek kepada pembaca. Efek yang dimunculkan antara lain gemas, konyol, dan bertanya-tanya. Selain itu, penyimpangan prinsip kesopanan secara tidak langsung memunculkan efek kepada pembaca. Efek yang dimunculkan antara lain kesalahpahaman, tidak masuk akal, gemas, kesal, sebal, dan belas kasih. Penggunaan penyimpangan bahasa tersebut tidak selalu bernilai negatif karena penyimpangan tersebut ada yang bernilai tentang agama khususnya dalam kehidupan

Semiparametric Multivariate Accelerated Failure Time Model with Generalized Estimating Equations

The semiparametric accelerated failure time model is not as widely used as the Cox relative risk model mainly due to computational difficulties. Recent developments in least squares estimation and induced smoothing estimating equations provide promising tools to make the accelerate failure time models more attractive in practice. For semiparametric multivariate accelerated failure time models, we propose a generalized estimating equation approach to account for the multivariate dependence through working correlation structures. The marginal error distributions can be either identical as in sequential event settings or different as in parallel event settings. Some regression coefficients can be shared across margins as needed. The initial estimator is a rank-based estimator with Gehan's weight, but obtained from an induced smoothing approach with computation ease. The resulting estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal, with a variance estimated through a multiplier resampling method. In a simulation study, our estimator was up to three times as efficient as the initial estimator, especially with stronger multivariate dependence and heavier censoring percentage. Two real examples demonstrate the utility of the proposed method

Cardiosphere-derived cells suppress allogeneic lymphocytes by production of PGE2 acting via the EP4 receptor

derived cells (CDCs) are a cardiac progenitor cell population, which have been shown to possess cardiac regenerative properties and can improve heart function in a variety of cardiac diseases. Studies in large animal models have predominantly focussed on using autologous cells for safety, however allogeneic cell banks would allow for a practical, cost-effective and efficient use in a clinical setting. The aim of this work was to determine the immunomodulatory status of these cells using CDCs and lymphocytes from 5 dogs. CDCs expressed MHC I but not MHC II molecules and in mixed lymphocyte reactions demonstrated a lack of lymphocyte proliferation in response to MHC-mismatched CDCs. Furthermore, MHC-mismatched CDCs suppressed lymphocyte proliferation and activation in response to Concanavalin A. Transwell experiments demonstrated that this was predominantly due to direct cell-cell contact in addition to soluble mediators whereby CDCs produced high levels of PGE2 under inflammatory conditions. This led to down-regulation of CD25 expression on lymphocytes via the EP4 receptor. Blocking prostaglandin synthesis restored both, proliferation and activation (measured via CD25 expression) of stimulated lymphocytes. We demonstrated for the first time in a large animal model that CDCs inhibit proliferation in allo-reactive lymphocytes and have potent immunosuppressive activity mediated via PGE2

Teachersa Roles in Autonomous learning

As Little described learners autonomy has been a new term in the field of applied linguistics It has become one of the objectives of education now This paper reviews definition and some misunderstanding of learners autonomy and discuss the roles of teachers in autonom

How Perspectives on Language Development Affect English as a Foreign Langage Teaching

Based on the review of three perspectives of language development this paper is aimed to focus on interactionalist s position and provides insights into the influences of it on English as a foreign language teaching EFL