Internal Migration and Regional Population Dynamics in Europe: Czech Case Study

Report prepared for the Council of Europe (Directorate of Social and Economic Affairs, Population and Migration Division) and for European Commission (Directorate General V, Employment, Industrial Relations and Social Affairs, Unit E1, Analysis and Research on the Social Situation) Czech Republic has experienced, over the last decade, quite a balanced population system with low growth. This has changed recently and from 1994 we noted a decrease in population partially offset by international migration, for the time being mainly temporary labour circular movements. The decreasing trend may well continue due to future replacement in the reproductive ages of large female cohorts with much smaller cohorts, currently aged 0-15 years. Ales and Simek (1996) expect by the year 2020 a population decrease of at least 471 thousand (high variant). International migration will probably reduce to some extent the effect of negative natural increase. In terms of population dynamics the most important feature we have observed is slow but clear deconcentration of population from large cities to suburban areas. The main gains are observed in medium size towns and smaller communities at the expense of large cities and rural areas. However, the migration factor plays a lesser role than in the past. Net migration is low and migration effectiveness is very limited. The relationship between migration and other variables (population density, level of urbanisation) is rather weak. Unemployment has limited negative impacts on migration flows. No doubt, this may change when the serious restructuring of industry starts and unemployment increases - an almost certain scenario given the Czech Republic's willingness to join the European Union. The main enigma of the Czech migration system is its future dynamics. So far migration has been low, but with the development of the economy, including the housing market, improvement of telecommunication and increasing wealth of the society one may expect that migration trends would contribute much more to the regional population dynamics. The large units for which migration data were available in the Czech Republic reduce the number of inter-unit migrations, increase the number of intra-unit migrations, and in effect blur the picture of mobility, which anyway is quite low. Another factor, which made the analysis somewhat difficult is the mixture of signals sent to the economy by the Czech government. This mixture has confused professional economists, not to speak of ordinary people

Forecasting migration between the EU, V4 and Eastern Europe. Impact of visa abolition. OSW Report, July 2014

This book is the result of one year of solid work among a multinational research team assembled from seven states (Poland, Czechia, Hungary, Slovakia, Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova). It aims at a detailed analysis of migration patterns and migration forecasts from Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova to the EU/V4. In particular, the nexus between EU visa policy and migration dynamics as well as the impact of economic, political and institutional factors on migration from Eastern Europe have been investigated. The importance of migration policy must be stressed here. Together with demand for the foreign labour force (labour market needs, level of wages, existing work opportunities) and migration networks (including ethnic links), migration policy has a powerful influence on the scale, directions and characteristics of human flows

A Diagnostic Study of the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode in El Nino and Non- El Nino Years

The Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM) is examined by comparing the characteristics of oceanic and atmospheric circulations, heat budgets, and possible mechanisms of IODM between El Nino and non-El Nino years. ERA-40 reanalysis data, Reynold SST, and ocean analysis from Modular Ocean Model with the assimilation of the temperature profile from World Ocean Dataset 1998 are used to form three-year composites of IODM during El Nino (72, 82, 97) and non-El Nino (61, 67, 94) years. In El Nino years, two off-equatorial, anti-cyclonic circulations develop as a Rossby-wave response to the increased pressure over the Indian Ocean. The resultant winds from easterlies to northeasterlies (from southerlies to southeasterlies) in the northwestern (southeastern) tropical Indian Ocean warms (cools) the mixed layer temperature by inducing an anomalous zonal (meridional and vertical) component in the ocean current that advects the basic-state mixed layer temperature. In non-El Nino years, a monsoon-like flow induces winds from westerlies to southwesterlies (from southerlies to southeasterlies) in the northwestern (southeastern) Indian Ocean. As a result, the cold advection by the anomalous eastward current (northward current) in the northwestern (southeastern) tropical Indian Ocean becomes dominant in non-El Nino years. In addition, the anomalous winds in these regions are the same sign as the climatological monthly mean winds. Hence the anomalous latent and sensible heat fluxes further contribute to the decrease of SST in the northwestern and the southeastern Indian Ocean. Consequently, the cooling of the eastern tropical Indian Ocean rather than the warming of western tropical Indian Ocean becomes the major feature of the IODM during non-El Nino years

Magnetic behavior of metastable fcc Fe-Cu after thermal treatments

A ferromagnetic and supersaturated fcc Fe_51Cu_49 solid solution has been obtained by mechanical alloying. After subsequent thermal treatments the fcc phase undergoes a spinodal decomposition which finally, at 780 K, yields a mixture of fcc and bcc phases. In this work, a systematic magnetic study is carried out on samples at diferent decomposition states in order to determine the process of transformation into the stable phases. We observe a 20% maximum diminution on the magnetic moment with increasing temperatures of the thermal treatment. The Mössbauer spectrum taken at 8 K shows that 20% of the Fe atoms are in a nonferromagnetic state. On the other hand, upon heating up to 723 K the roomtemperature coercive field increases dramatically to 640 Oe, and after cooling down to 10 K it decreases to 270 Oe. Deviations from the T law in the temperature dependence of the magnetization have been observed. This behavior is explained by fluctuations in composition due to the spinodal decomposition, which lead to fluctuations of the magnetic order parameters, i.e., magnetic moment and Curie temperature

ORP = municipality with extended authority

69 s., 2 s. příl. :il., tab., grafy +CD ROMPráce se zabývá regionálním rozvojem ORP Jablonec nad Nisou. Úvodní část je věnována analýze fyzicko-geografických a socioekonomických ukazatelů, které pomohli odhalit silné a slabé stránky tohoto regionu. Další část práce obsahuje rozbor strategických dokumentů s přehledem realizovaných projektů. Závěrečná kapitola zahrnuje návrh programu rozvoje ORP Jablonec nad Nisou, který vychází ze zkoumaných dokumentů a kvalitativního výzkumu, a které by pomohly zvýšit potenciál daného území

Comparison of Financial Reporting under Czech Legislation and IFRS

katedra: KFÚ; přílohy: 1 CD ROM; rozsah: 75 sThe purpose of this paper is comparison Czech legislation and International Financial and Reporting Standards (IFRS) in the case of presenting financial data Tangible fixed assests and Intangibles fixed assests. The First chapter is focused on conditions of presenting financial data Balance Sheet, and Profit and Loss Statement under Czech legislation and IFRS followed by its comparison. In the second and third chapter Tangible and Intangible fixed assests under Czech legislation and IFRS are compared.The fourth chapter is focused on practical application of two different approaches of presenting financial data of Tangible fixed assests in real conditions.Diplomová práce je zaměřena na porovnání české legislativy a IFRS v případě vykazování dlouhodobých hmotných a nehmotných aktiv. První kapitola pojednává o podmínkách vykazování jednotlivých složek rozvahy a výkazu zisku a ztráty, jak z pohledu české legislativy, tak z pohledu IFRS, a následuje jejich srovnání. V druhé kapitole je zachycena problematika dlouhodobého hmotného majetku opět z pohledu české legislativy a IFRS,která je zakončena jejich porovnáním. Třetí kapitola obsahuje problematiku dlouhodobého nehmotného majetku, která je také popsána z hlediska české legislativy a IFRS, a také zakončena jejich komparací. Čtvrtá kapitola je zaměřena na praktickou aplikaci dvou rozdílných přístupů při vykazování dlouhodobého hmotného majetku v konkrétních podmínkách