Avaliação clínica e radiológica após procedimento de Salter e Ombrédanne na displasia de desenvolvimento do quadril

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o resultado clínico e radiológico em médio prazo do tratamento cirúrgico da displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril através da osteotomia do osso inominado de Salter e o encurtamento femoral de Ombrédanne. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 14 pacientes, 18 quadris (sete quadris do lado direito e 11 do lado esquerdo), todos tratados cirurgicamente entre 1998 e 2008 pela técnica proposta. Foi realizada avaliação clínica e radiológica pelos critérios de Dutoit e Severin, respectivamente. RESULTADOS: Nos sete quadris do lado direito o índice pré-operatório médio foi de 43,3º (40º a 50º), sendo corrigido cirurgicamente, em média, para 31,57º (24º a 42º), enquanto os 11 quadris do lado esquerdo tinham média pré-operatória de 42,1º (36º a 56º) evoluindo para 30,36º (20º a 44º), sendo que as avaliações dos índices acetabulares pré e pós-operatórios apresentaram significância estatística com P 0,05). Como complicações, ocorreram uma subluxação, uma osteonecrose e uma osteonecrose associada à subluxação. CONCLUSÃO: O procedimento combinado de Salter e Ombrédanne é uma opção viável para o tratamento da displasia de desenvolvimento do quadril após o início da marcha.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical and radiological medium-term results from surgical treatment of developmental hip dysplasia through Salter innominate bone osteotomy and Ombrédanne femoral shortening. METHODS: Fourteen patients were evaluated, with surgical treatment on 18 hips (seven right-side hips and eleven left-side hips) using the proposal technique, performed between 1998 and 2008. The Dutoit and Severin criteria were used respectively for clinical and radiographic evaluations. RESULTS: The average preoperative index for the seven right-side hips was 43.3º (40º to 50º), and this was corrected through surgery to an average of 31.57º (24º to 42º). The average preoperative index for the eleven left-side hips was 42.1º (36º to 56º), and this was corrected through surgery to an average of 30.36º (20º to 44º). There was a statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative acetabular indexes, with P 0.05). The complications observed consisted of one case each of subluxation, osteonecrosis and osteonecrosis together with subluxation. CONCLUSION: The combined procedure of Salter and Ombrédanne is a viable option for treating developmental hip dysplasia after patients have started to walk

Obtaining design days for air conditioning thermal load

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre o parâmetro Dia de Projeto, envolvendo suas aplicações, formas de obtenção, critérios adotados e a influência do mesmo em projetos de carga térmica. É proposta uma análise diferenciada para dados contidos nele, como temperatura de bulbo seco, umidade, irradiação e vento, entre outros, o que culmina na definição de um Dia de Projeto próprio, o qual é posteriormente comparado com as informações disponíveis em tabelas da ASHRAE, verificando-se semelhanças e diferenças e possíveis causas das mesmas. Ao final, tanto o Dia de Projeto obtido quanto o da ASHRAE são utilizados em uma simulação computacional simples, envolvendo cálculo de carga térmica e dimensionamento de um condicionador de ar, na qual se verifica considerável redução da potência e vazão de ar requeridas ao equipamento com aplicação dos Dias de Projeto produzidos, além de evidenciar pontos na metodologia da ASHRAE que não condizem com o que se encontra em situações reais.This work presents a study on the parameter Design Day, involving its applications, methods of obtainment, adopted criteria and its influence on Thermal Load projects. It is proposed a differentiated analysis for data present on it, like dry bulb temperature, humidity, irradiation and wind, among others, that culminates in the establishment of a new, produced Design Day, which is afterwards compared with the information available in tables from ASHRAE, verifying similarities and differences, as well as its possible causes. In the end, the obtained Design Day and ASHRAE’s data are used in a simple computational simulation, involving thermal load and design for an air conditioner, in which is observed a substantial reduction of required power and air flow for the equipment with the utilization of the produced Design Days, besides pointing elements on ASHRAE’s methodology that do not correspond to what is found in real situations

Obtaining design days for air conditioning thermal load

Este trabalho apresenta um estudo sobre o parâmetro Dia de Projeto, envolvendo suas aplicações, formas de obtenção, critérios adotados e a influência do mesmo em projetos de carga térmica. É proposta uma análise diferenciada para dados contidos nele, como temperatura de bulbo seco, umidade, irradiação e vento, entre outros, o que culmina na definição de um Dia de Projeto próprio, o qual é posteriormente comparado com as informações disponíveis em tabelas da ASHRAE, verificando-se semelhanças e diferenças e possíveis causas das mesmas. Ao final, tanto o Dia de Projeto obtido quanto o da ASHRAE são utilizados em uma simulação computacional simples, envolvendo cálculo de carga térmica e dimensionamento de um condicionador de ar, na qual se verifica considerável redução da potência e vazão de ar requeridas ao equipamento com aplicação dos Dias de Projeto produzidos, além de evidenciar pontos na metodologia da ASHRAE que não condizem com o que se encontra em situações reais.This work presents a study on the parameter Design Day, involving its applications, methods of obtainment, adopted criteria and its influence on Thermal Load projects. It is proposed a differentiated analysis for data present on it, like dry bulb temperature, humidity, irradiation and wind, among others, that culminates in the establishment of a new, produced Design Day, which is afterwards compared with the information available in tables from ASHRAE, verifying similarities and differences, as well as its possible causes. In the end, the obtained Design Day and ASHRAE’s data are used in a simple computational simulation, involving thermal load and design for an air conditioner, in which is observed a substantial reduction of required power and air flow for the equipment with the utilization of the produced Design Days, besides pointing elements on ASHRAE’s methodology that do not correspond to what is found in real situations

Mapping Wildland–Urban Interface for Wildfires in Campina Grande do Sul and Quatro Barras, Paraná, Brazil

Areas where humans and anthropogenic structures encounter or mix with vegetation are called wildland–urban interfaces. These areas present high fire risk; on the one hand, the presence of humans can contribute to the start of forest fires and, on the other, they can be drastically affected if a fire occurs. There are different methodologies for the classification of the wildland–urban interface, aiming to serve as a subsidy for preventive and vegetation fire-fighting policies. In Brazil, discussions about the theme are incipient. The municipalities of Campina Grande do Sul and Quatro Barras are located in the state of Paraná and have an extensive vegetative area with social interaction and, in addition, suffer from the presence of wildfires (460 occurrences from 2011 to 2016). The objective of the present study was to delimit the wildland–urban interface of these municipalities, relating to the occurrence of vegetation fires. To achieve the proposed objective, it was necessary to use a methodology for classifying wildland–urban interface areas, already established globally, based on the density of households and vegetation cover, dividing them into intermix and interface zones. The statistical grid of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics was used to obtain the density of households. The vegetation cover was obtained using the Brazilian Annual Land Use and Land Cover Mapping Project (MapBiomas) for 2019. The results showed that Campina Grande do Sul and Quatro Barras had coverages of 12.5 and 15.2% of municipal areas classified as wildland–urban interface, respectively. When distributing the geolocation of fires that occurred in the municipalities, 15.3% of these were present in wildland–urban interface areas from 2011 to 2016. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that the delimitation of the wildland–urban interface with this method has potential use for the development of wildfire prevention policies

CLINICAL AND RADIOLOGICAL EVALUATION ON DEVELOPMENTAL HIP DYSPLASIA AFTER SALTER AND OMBRÉDANNE PROCEDURE

ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the clinical and radiological medium-term results from surgical treatment of developmental hip dysplasia through Salter innominate bone osteotomy and Ombrédanne femoral shortening. Methods: Fourteen patients were evaluated, with surgical treatment on 18 hips (seven right-side hips and eleven left-side hips) using the proposal technique, performed between 1998 and 2008. The Dutoit and Severin criteria were used respectively for clinical and radiographic evaluations. Results: The average preoperative index for the seven right-side hips was 43.3° (40° to 50°), and this was corrected through surgery to an average of 31.57° (24° to 42°). The average preoperative index for the eleven left-side hips was 42.1° (36° to 56°), and this was corrected through surgery to an average of 30.36° (20° to 44°). There was a statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative acetabular indexes, with P > 0.05. The clinical evaluation showed that there were seven excellent hips (38.9%), eight good ones (44.4%), three fair hips (16.7%) and no poor ones (0%). By grouping the hips rated good and excellent as satisfactory and those rated poor and fair as unsatisfactory, 83.3% of the results were seen to be favorable. There were no statistically significant correlations between occurrences of complications and patient age at the time of surgery or between complications and the preoperative acetabular index (p > 0.05). The complications observed consisted of one case each of subluxation, osteonecrosis and osteonecrosis together with subluxation. Conclusion: The combined procedure of Salter and Ombrédanne is a viable option for treating developmental hip dysplasia after patients have started to walk