La Imaginería del Vino

La imaginería, como facultad humanapara la creación de diferentes estructuras conceptuales a partir de una misma escena (cf. Langacker, 1987: 490), también se manifiesta en la descripción del vino. Esta contribución sostieneque, en la conceptualización del vino, la imaginería opta por estructuras metonímicas y metafóricas. El análisis se basa en expresiones en español, tales como “vino aromático” y “vino aterciopelado”. Expresiones en francés, inglés y neerlandés indican que la estructuración conceptualmetonímica y metafórica se manifiesta también en otros idiomas. Además, imágenes utilizadas en la publicidad sugieren que esta estructuración conceptual es independiente del símbolo comunicativo que se utilice, ya sea lingüístico o icónico. La principal conclusión es que la conceptualización es metonímica y metafóricay que ambas estructuras convergen en una tercera que se caracteriza por la acomodaciónconceptual

Décrochage, raccrochage et rétention scolaires selon les Jeunes franco-ontariens

L’article présente les résultats d’une recherche menée dans les écoles de langue française de l’Ontario sur le décrochage de l’école secondaire, en soulignant le phénomène du « décrochage culturel », selon lequel les jeunes quittent l’école de langue française pour poursuivre leurs études en anglais. À partir du point de vue de jeunes qui vivent, qui ont vécu ou qui sont à risque de vivre le décrochage, les auteurs illus­trent la complexité de cette question dans une perspective multi­factorielle et multidimensionnelle.The paper presents the results of a province-wide study of drop-outs in Ontarian French-language secondary schools. It highlights the phenomena of cultural drop-outs, relating to students who decide to pursue their studies in English-language schools instead of continuing in French. The authors illustrate the complexity of the issue through the multidi­men­sional perspect­ives of youths who have dropped out of school or are at risk of doing so

Frequency and effects of meeting health behaviour guidelines among adolescents

Background: To assess the relationship between overweight status and the concomitant adherence to physical activity, daily screen time and nutritional guidelines. Methods: Data were derived from the Swiss Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Survey 2006. Participants (n = 8130, 48.7% girls) were divided into two groups: normal weight (n = 7215, 44.8% girls) and overweight (n = 915, 34.8% girls), using self-reported height and weight. Groups were compared on adherence to physical activity, screen time and nutritional guidelines. Bivariate analyses were carried out followed by multivariate analyses using normal-weight individuals as the reference category. Results: Regardless of gender, overweight individuals reported more screen time, less physical activity and less concomitant adherence to guidelines. For boys, the multivariate analysis showed that any amount exceeding screen time recommendations was associated with increased odds of being overweight [>2-4 h: adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.40; >4-6 h: AOR = 1.48; >6 h: AOR = 1.83]. A similar relation was found for any amount below physical activity recommendations (4-6 times a week: AOR = 1.67; 2-3 times a week: AOR = 1.87; once a week or less: AOR = 2.1). For girls, not meeting nutritional guidelines was less likely among overweight individuals (0-2 recommendations: AOR = 0.54). Regardless of weight status, more than half of the adolescents did not comply with any guideline and <2% met all three at the same time. Conclusions: Meeting current nutritional, physical activity and screen time guidelines should be encouraged with respect to overweight. However, as extremely low rates of concomitant adherence were found regardless of weight status, their achievability is questionable (especially for nutrition), which warrants further research to better adapt them to adolescent

Santé des jeunes en rupture d'apprentissage: une recherche-action sur les modalités de soutien, les déterminants de la santé et les facteurs favorisant une réinsertion socio-professionnelle

Objectifs: -&gt; identifier les déterminants des résiliations de contrats d'apprentissage dans les cantons de Vaud et du Valais romand, sur le plan de la santé, des comportements, et du parcours scolaire et professionnel; -&gt; identifier les facteurs qui contribuent à la marginalisation et à l'abus de substances, ou au contraire à la réinsertion des jeunes; -&gt; tester l'efficacité d'un programme d'accompagnement de ces jeunes

Reciprocal regulation of the basic helix-loop-helix/Per-Arnt-Sim partner proteins, Arnt and Arnt2, during neuronal differentiation

Basic helix–loop–helix/Per–Arnt–Sim (bHLH/PAS) transcription factors function broadly in development, homeostasis and stress response. Active bHLH/PAS heterodimers consist of a ubiquitous signal-regulated subunit (e.g., hypoxia-inducible factors, HIF-1α/2α/3α; the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, AhR) or tissue-restricted subunit (e.g., NPAS1/3/4, Single Minded 1/2), paired with a general partner protein, aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (Arnt or Arnt2). We have investigated regulation of the neuron-enriched Arnt paralogue, Arnt2. We find high Arnt/Arnt2 ratios in P19 embryonic carcinoma cells and ES cells are dramatically reversed to high Arnt2/Arnt on neuronal differentiation. mRNA half-lives of Arnt and Arnt2 remain similar in both parent and neuronal differentiated cells. The GC-rich Arnt2 promoter, while heavily methylated in Arnt only expressing hepatoma cells, is methylation free in P19 and ES cells, where it is bivalent with respect to active H3K4me3 and repressive H3K27me3 histone marks. Typical of a ‘transcription poised’ developmental gene, H3K27me3 repressive marks are removed from Arnt2 during neuronal differentiation. Our data are consistent with a switch to predominant Arnt2 expression in neurons to allow specific functions of neuronal bHLH/PAS factors and/or to avoid neuronal bHLH/PAS factors from interfering with AhR/Arnt signalling.Nan Hao, Veronica L. D. Bhakti, Daniel J. Peet and Murray L. Whitela

3C-SiC — From Electronic to MEMS Devices

Since decades, silicon carbide (SiC) has been avowed as an interesting material for high-power and high-temperature applications because of its significant properties including its wide bandgap energy and high temperature stability. SiC is also professed as an ideal candidate for microsystem applications due to its excellent mechanical properties and chemical inertia, making it suitable for harsh environments. Among the 250 different SiC polytypes, only 4H, 6H and 3C-SiC are commercially available. The cubic structure, 3C-SiC, is the only one that can be grown on cheap silicon substrates. Hence, 3C-SiC is more interesting than any other polytype for reducing fabrication costs and increasing wafer diameter. This huge property has been evidenced for more than 30 years using chemical vapor deposition. Despite this key achievement and the growing interest for silicon carbide, no 3C-SiC-based devices can be found on the market whereas 4H-SiC-based devices are more and more largely commercialized. Even so, important headways have been reached for electrical and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) applications. Therefore, the purpose of this chapter is to address concerns related to electronic applications and MEMS fabrication of 3C-SiC-based devices, trying to give a broad overview on specific issues and challenging solutions

Le mal de l'atelier : la fuite, la paresse et autres chiendents du quotidien dans une pratique multidisciplinaire de la chronique et de la bande dessinée

Le présent ouvrage a été assemblé pour répondre aux exigences partielles du programme de la maîtrise en arts visuels et médiatiques de l'Université du Québec à Montréal. Il accompagne et constitue la production qui s'est réalisée au cours des deux dernières années de ma recherche. Cette chronique, témoin des évènements grands et petits de mon quotidien, tente de les saisir par l'écriture et la bande dessinée. Le texte est donc un assemblage de ma production écrite et dessinée. Il anime et est animé par les objets, les images et les œuvres qui sortent d'une pratique de l'art au quotidien

Especificación de una Ontología de Medidas para Internet

Hacer medidas de la red puede llegar ser desesperante. Existen muchos tipos distintos de medidas, programas, sistemas, bases de datos… Esto hace que la tarea de comparar los resultados de todas esas pruebas sea demasiado molesta y engorrosa. Para evitar esto, este proyecto define una ontología para uniformizar la forma en que se representan los datos que se obtienen de los distintos programas de medidas, y una plataforma para poder hacer consultas semánticas sobre todos ellos a la vez. Los resultados obtenidos se han aplicado en el proyecto Openlab del 7º programa marco de la UE. Una ontología es una forma de representar el conocimiento como una serie de conceptos, dentro de un campo concreto (en nuestro caso las medidas de la red), utilizando un vocabulario compartido para especificar los tipos, propiedades y relaciones entre estos conceptos. A efectos prácticos, la plataforma implementada integra un conjunto de bases de datos con una capa semántica por encima dando significado a todos los datos. Para hacer consultas en esta ontología, se utiliza el lenguaje SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language). Gracias a esta ontología y a ciertas herramientas, que permiten la correspondencia de cualquier base de datos relacional con la ontología, podemos tener una visión global de todas las medidas que hayamos tomado, de una manera transparente. Así, aunque cada medida puede estar almacenada en una base de datos distinta, se puede consultar con un vocabulario común y a través de una sola plataforma, llamada SPQR.Performing network metrics can be exhausting. There are several types of metrics, programs, systems, databases… That make the labor of contrasting all the results very hard. In order to avoid that, this project defines an ontology to uniform the way all this data from the different programs is represented and an unique platform to semantically query it all at once, applied in the Openlab project of the 7th UE framework. An ontology formally represents knowledge as a hierarchy of concepts within a domain, using a shared vocabulary to denote the types, properties and interrelationships of those concepts. In practical effects, the platform implemented integrate a set of databases with a semantic layer over them, giving a meaning at all the data. To query this data, we use SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language). With this ontology and some other tools, which allow the "mapping" between any relational database and our ontology, we are able to have a transparent, global view of all the data. Thus, although each measurement is in a different database, we can query it with a common vocabulary from one single platform, called SPQR