Distorted incentives, agricultural and trade policy reforms, national agricultural development, Agricultural and Food Policy, International Relations/Trade, F13, F14, Q17, Q18,

Govereh, Jones

Ndlela, Daniel

Robinson, Peter

Research Papers in Economics

English

(b) Millet, sunflower and soyabean

(b) Shelled groundnuts and cotton lint GROUNDNUTS shelled COTTON lint, seed & cake Domestic price per

(c) Tobacco TOBACCO - burley TOBACCO - virginia Domestic price per

(Oct); Kaunda detained & soe declared Donors withdraw balance of payments support

32 na na na na

58.1 Import-competing products a,

64 na na na na

66 na na na na

68 na na na na

9 na na na na na

A Spatial Analysis of Maize Marketing Policy Reforms in Zambia”,

a The proportion of foreign currency actually sold by all exporters at the parallel market rate. b See Anderson et al.

Act (July) VAT (July) Removal of 20% uplift factor applied to import values Privatisation of the milling industry. Launch of World Bank Agricultural Sector Investment Programme No floor price for maize. Hammermills help reduce the price of food

Appendix Figure 1: International copper price and Zambian development phases,

Appendix Figure 2: Agricultural GDP,

Appendix Figure 3: Maize production,

Appendix Figure 4: Product shares of food production value,

Appendix Figure 5: Product shares of food consumption expenditure,

Appendix Figure 6: Seasonal Price Variability (nominal and real),

Appendix Figure 7: Exchange rate parallel market premium,

Appendix Table 1: Prices for primary products, Zambia,

Appendix Table 2: Prices for lightly processed foods, Zambia,

Appendix Table 3: Foreign exchange rates, Zambia,

Appendix Table 6: Rail Transport Rates,

Appendix Table 7 (continued): Annual distortion estimates, Zambia,

Appendix Table 7: Annual distortion estimates, Zambia,

Certain tax concession periods for KCM and Kanshansi have now expired.

Chiluba speech criticising economic and agric policies (July) Exchange controls removed (Jan) In-bond & duty drawback schemes (Jan) Agricultural Credit Management Programme

Conversion factors and other parameters The background paper for the KSV study (Jansen

Detention of labour leaders - strikes Real interest rates negative

Economic Integration in Southern Africa, Volume 2, Cote D’Ivoire, Abidjan: African Development

Economic restructuring announced

Economic team changed (April) Liberalisation of inter-district grain trade Maize meal riots on Copperbelt (Dec); subsidies removed & reintroduced

elections boycotted by UNIP Customs duty exemptions eliminated, tariffs reduced by 15% on most goods (Jan) Food Reserve Agency operational

External Shocks and Adjustment in a Mineral Dependent Economy: A Short-Run Model for Zambia”, World Development

Federal Government based in Southern Rhodesia

Figure 1: Nominal rates of assistance to exportables, import-competing and all a agricultural products,

Figure 2: Nominal rates of assistance to all nonagricultural tradables, all agricultural tradable industries, and relative rates of assistance a,

Figure 3: Maize and roller meal CTEs and consumer subsidy payment,

Forex auction and import liberalisation

G'nuts (shelled) Sunflower Millet Rice (milled) Wheat Sorghu Maize

Is the Glass Half Empty or Half Full? An Analysis of Agricultural Production trends

kms was reported to be Kw 117 per tonne-km (Coulter

Maize meal riots & coup attempt (June); formation of MMD (Aug) Dual exchange rate system Maize meal subsidy removed; food riots

Maize producer prices at public markets in Kabwe 1998/99 -

Mayday speech announcing break with BWI BWI programmes suspended; New Economic Recovery Programme

Mwanawasa govt Anglo American withdrawal Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper presented to donors GM food aid refused; FRA as subsidised buyer from small-scale sector

Nature’s Blessing or Nature’s Curse: The Political Economy of Transition in Resource-Based Economies”, ZEF Discussion Papers on Development Policy, No 81,

Oct; start of Third Republic BWI programmes suspended Removal of most export controls & ban on maize exports Substantial reduction in fertiliser subsidy (Dec) Subsidy re-introduced before the election

Point attained (April) Sources: Based on Jansen

Political Macro-economic Trade Policy Agricultural Policy Food policy

Poverty Reducing Potential of Smallholder Agriculture in Zambia: Opportunities and Constraints”, Africa Region Working Paper Series No. 85, World Bank,

Real Cu pr Hist marker Federation----¦-First Republic--¦--Second Republic----------------¦--Third Republic------ Maize meal riots

Sorghum Maize (X/M)

Source: Authors’ spreadsheet a. At farmgate undistorted prices

substantial maize meal subsidies

Table 1: Nominal rates of assistance to covered farm products,

Table 2: Nominal rates of assistance to agricultural relative to nonagricultural industries,

The Political State and the Management of Mineral Rents in Capital-surplus Economies: Botswana and Saudi Arabia’,

the price series extend up to the present but with estimates made from other data to fill gaps in

total import-competing products exportables Source: Authors’ spreadsheet a. The total NRA can be above or below the exportable and import-competing averages because assistance to nontradables and non-product specific assistance is also included.

WB/IMF agreement on PFP Devaluation and removal of price controls NAMBOARD abolished, maize marketing function transferred to Cooperative Federation Tripling of maize price, coupon system for targeting subsidy (operational until

Za subsid producer Modest ag growth Heavy cons subsidies Macro instability Economic liberalisation

ZCCM sale to

Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Zambia