Роль совершенствования бухгалтерского учета в управлении производственными запасами

Целью проведения исследования является обоснование направлений повышения эффективности использования материальных производственных запасов на предприятии в условиях рыночной экономики

The transcription factor Foxo1 controls germinal center B cell proliferation in response to T cell help

Germinal center (GC) B cells cycle between two states, the light zone (LZ) and the dark zone (DZ), and in the latter they proliferate and hypermutate their immunoglobulin genes. How this functional transition takes place is still controversial. In this study, we demonstrate that ablation of Foxo1 after GC development led to the loss of the DZ GC B cells and disruption of the GC architecture, which is consistent with recent studies. Mechanistically, even upon provision of adequate T cell help, Foxo1-deficient GC B cells showed less proliferative expansion than controls. Moreover, we found that the transcription factor BATF was transiently induced in LZ GC B cells in a Foxo1-dependent manner and that deletion of BATF similarly led to GC disruption. Thus, our results are consistent with a model where the switch from the LZ to the DZ is triggered after receipt of T cell help, and suggest that Foxo1-mediated BATF up-regulation is at least partly involved in this switch

Возможность прогнозирования клеточного типа увеальных меланом без использования инвазивных методов диагностики

Резюме. С помощью дискриминантного анализа установлена возможность определения клеточного типа меланомы увеального тракта в процессе проведения комбинированного (фотокоагуляция + брахитерапия) лечения. Разработана высокозначимая (l = 0,08; р = 0,002) дискриминантная модель, включающая ряд клинических (степень пигментации, пол, скорость роста меланомы) и иммунологических (количество Т- и В-лимфоцитов, процент Т-хелперов и др.) показателей. Особое место в модели занимают признаки, в наибольшей степени отражающие биологические особенности увеальных меланом различного клеточного состава, а именно — скорость изменения размера опухоли в процессе лечения и изменение показателей клеточного иммунитета. Ключевые слова: увеальная меланома, клеточный тип, клинико-морфологические, иммунологические показатели, дискриминантный анализ.Summary. Application of the discriminant analysis shows that it is possible to define the cell type of melanoma of uveal tract of the eye in the process of combined (photocoagulation + brachytherapy) treatment. A highly reliable (l= 0,08; р = 0,002) discriminant model was elaborated, involving a number of both clinical (pigmentation level, gender, melanoma growth rate) and immunological (number of T and B lymphocytes, T helper rate, etc.) indicators. In this model, especially important are those traits that most pronouncedly reflect the biological peculiarities of uveal melanomas of various cellular compositions, namely — the pace of tumor size growth in the process of treatment and changes in cell immunity indicators. Key Words: uveal melanoma, cell type, clinical and morphological, immunological indicators, discriminant analysis

The role of peroxisomes in oxidative stress

Peroxisomes are one of the main sites in the cell where oxygen free radicals are both generated and scavenged. The balance between these two processes is believed to be of great importance for proper functioning of cells and has been implicated in aging and carcinogenesis. To gain more insight in the functioning of the peroxisome, we developed a new method to measure the biophysical properties of these organelles in the living cell. To achieve this we made use of small fluorescently labelled polypeptides with a peroxisomal targeting signal of type I. Using such a probe, we determined the peroxisomal matrix is alkaline and that the peroxisomal membrane is impermeable to protons under physiological conditions. Oxidative stress deriving from peroxisomal b-oxidation is to be detoxified by a set of anti-oxidant enzymes. In this thesis I show that next to the well known enzymes catalase and MnSOD, the sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP2) plays a role in the protection against oxidative stress. We show that mice lacking this protein have higher basal levels of lipid-peroxidation in the liver and develop liver tumours. In a model I propose that this peroxisomal protein shields poly-unsaturated fatty acyl-CoA esters from free radicals that are present in the organellar matrix. The regulation of anti-oxidant activity in the cell has been a matter of study. We show that MnSOD is directly regulated by the daf-16 like Forkhead transcription factors. Forkhead transcription factors are negatively regulated by phosphatidyl-inositol-3-OH-kinase (PI-3-kinase) through phosphokinase B (PKB). Catalase and SCP2 are also increased upon activation of the Forkheads, but until now we do not know whether this reflects a direct regulation. A model is proposed for the regulation of anti-oxidant capacity of the cell in relation to metabolism

Pengaruh Kualitas Tidur Terhadap Kejadian Kejang Pada Pasien Epilepsi

Background: Epilepsy is the most common neurological disorder. In developing countries, the incidence of epilepsy is higher than in developed countries. The incidence of seizures in epilepsy can be reduced with regular treatment, but not a few who experience recurrent seizures, this can be influenced by several factors other than irregular treatment. One of the factors is the influence of sleep quality. Objective: To find out more about the effect of sleep quality on the incidence of seizures in epilepsy. Methods: Using literature studies from several national and international journals. Conclusion: There is an effect of sleep quality on the incidence of seizures in epileptic patients.Latar Belakang : Epilepsi adalah kondisi gangguan neurologik yang paling sering ditemui. Pada negara berkembang, insidensi epilepsi lebih tinggi dari negara maju. Kejadian kejang pada epilepsi dapat dikurangi dengan pengobatan yang teratur akan tetapi tidak sedikit juga yang mengalami kejadian kejang berulang, hal ini dapat dipengaruhi beberapa faktor selain pengobatan yang tidak teratur. Salah satu faktornya adalah pengaruh dari kualitas tidur. Tujuan : Mengetahui lebih lanjut pengaruh kualitas tidur terhadap kejadian kejang pada epilepsy.  Metode : Menggunakan studi literatur dari beberapa jurnal nasional dan internasional. Kesimpulan : Terdapat pengaruh kualitas tidur terhadap kejadian kejang pada pasien epilepsi

Modulating organelle distribution using light-inducible heterodimerization in C. elegans

The relative positioning of organelles underlies fundamental cellular processes, including signaling, polarization, and cellular growth. Here, we describe the usage of a light-dependent heterodimerization system, LOVpep-ePDZ, to alter organelle positioning locally and reversibly in order to study the functional consequences of organelle positioning. The protocol gives details on how to accomplish expression of fusion proteins encoding this system, describes the imaging parameters to achieve subcellular activation in C. elegans, and may be adapted for use in other model systems. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to De Henau et al. (2020)

Release of Mps1 from kinetochores is crucial for timely anaphase onset

Mps1 regulates its own turnover at kinetochores to ensure mitotic checkpoint silencing in metaphase

Cross-talk between redox signalling and protein aggregation

It is well established that both an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS: i.e. O2•−, H2O2 and OH•), as well as protein aggregation, accompany ageing and proteinopathies such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. However, it is far from clear whether there is a causal relation between the two. This review describes how protein aggregation can be affected both by redox signalling (downstream of H2O2), as well as by ROS-induced damage, and aims to give an overview of the current knowledge of how redox signalling affects protein aggregation and vice versa. Redox signalling has been shown to play roles in almost every step of protein aggregation and amyloid formation, from aggregation initiation to the rapid oligomerization of large amyloids, which tend to be less toxic than oligomeric prefibrillar aggregates. We explore the hypothesis that age-associated elevated ROS production could be part of a redox signalling-dependent-stress response in an attempt to curb protein aggregation and minimize toxicity