Redbook: 1997

Advice compiled by Boston University School of Medicine students for incoming first year students and third or fourth year students preparing for clinical rotations

Exploring Neuromodulatory Systems for Dynamic Learning

In a continual learning system, the network has to dynamically learn new tasks from few samples throughout its lifetime. It is observed that neuromodulation acts as a key factor in continual and dynamic learning in the central nervous system. In this work, the neuromodulatory plasticity is embedded with dynamic learning architectures. The network has an inbuilt modulatory unit that regulates learning depending on the context and the internal state of the system, thus rendering the networks with the ability to self modify their weights. In one of the proposed architectures, ModNet, a modulatory layer is introduced in a random projection framework. This layer modulates the weights of the output layer neurons in tandem with hebbian learning. Moreover, to explore modulatory mechanisms in conjunction with backpropagation in deeper networks, a modulatory trace learning rule is introduced. The proposed learning rule, uses a time dependent trace to automatically modify the synaptic connections as a function of ongoing states and activations. The trace itself is updated via simple plasticity rules thus reducing the demand on resources. A digital architecture is proposed for ModNet, with on-device learning and resource sharing, to facilitate the efficacy of dynamic learning on the edge. The proposed modulatory learning architecture and learning rules demonstrate the ability to learn from few samples, train quickly, and perform one shot image classification in a computationally efficient manner. The ModNet architecture achieves an accuracy of ∼91% for image classification on the MNIST dataset while training for just 2 epochs. The deeper network with modulatory trace achieves an average accuracy of 98.8%±1.16 on the omniglot dataset for five-way one-shot image classification task. In general, incorporating neuromodulation in deep neural networks shows promise for energy and resource efficient lifelong learning systems

Drug-related mutational patterns in hepatitis B virus (HBV) reverse transcriptase proteins from Iranian treatment-Naïve chronic HBV patients

Background: Immunomodulators and Nucleotide analogues have been used globally for the dealing of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, the development of drug resistance is a major limitation to their long-term effectiveness. Objectives: The aim of this study was to characterize the hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase (RT) protein variations among Iranian chronic HBV carriers who did not receive any antiviral treatments. Materials and Methods: Hepatitis B virus partial RT genes from 325 chronic in active carrier patients were amplified and directly sequenced. Nucleotide/amino acid substitutions were identified compared to the sequences obtained from the database. Results: All strains belonging to genotype D.365 amino-acid substitutions were found. Mutations related to lamivudine, adefovir, telbivudine, and entecavir occurred in (YMDD) 4% (n = 13), (SVQ) 17.23% (n = 56), (M204I/V + L180M) 2.45% (n = 8) and (M204I) 2.76% (n = 9) of patients, respectively. Conclusions: RT mutants do occur naturally and could be found in HBV carriers who have never received antiviral therapy. However, mutations related to drug resistance in Iranian treatment-naïve chronic HBV patients were found to be higher than other studies published formerly. Chronic HBV patients should be monitored closely prior the commencement of therapy to achieve the best regimen option. © 2013, KOWSAR Corp

Femininity in Jose Saramago’s Blindness and Seeing

This study analyzes the varieties of femininity represented in Jose Saramago's sequel, Blindness and Seeing. Femininity and its different types have been introduced by Richard Howson in his Challenging Hegemonic Masculinity. Howson believes there are three major types of femininity: emphasized femininity, ambivalent femininity and protest femininity. For Howson, emphasized femininity means a femininity that does what the hegemony of a society wants. A femininity that never says no to what is thrown its way by the masculine hegemony. Ambivalent femininity is neither with or against the power structure of the time, sometimes it does what it is told and sometimes not. However, protest femininity tries its best to stand in the face of the set hegemony, it resists, it subverts, it fights, hoping to be able to make some changes. In what follows these three models of femininity are being looked at closely to show that although Saramgo's women grow to join the protest femininity in Blindness, nonetheless they get repressed by their contemporary hegemony in Seeing. A masculine hegemony does not bear to sit aside while a woman or a group of women try to subvert it. Rather it uses whatever tool it may find – from media to violence – to hush these women and put them in their place.Keywords: hegemonic masculinity, emphasized femininity, ambivalent femininity, protest femininity, performative subversio

DETERMINAN KUALITAS AUDIT DI KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK JAKARTA TIMUR

 The purpose of This study is to study the effect of accounting knowledge, auditor experience, auditor independence, and auditor integrity on audit quality in East Jakarta public accounting firms. The method used in this research is quantitative method, where the variables studied are accounting knowledge, auditor experience, auditor independence and auditor integrity as independent variables and Audit Quality as the dependent variable. The population used in this study were all public accounting firms registered in the East Jakarta area. The sample selection technique used purposive sampling and the data were collected using a questionnaire and processed using SPSS software. Data processing and analysis techniques used in this study are accounting analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, data quality test, multiple linear regression analysis, classical assumption test, hypothesis testing and coefficient of determination. The results of the study show that Accounting Knowledge, Auditor Experience, Auditor Independence, and Auditor Integrity have an influence on the dependent variable (Audit Quality)

Microstructural evolution and nanoindentation of NiCrMoAl alloy coating deposited by arc spraying

Arc spraying is a flexible thermal spray coating that can be used in on-site applications. In this study, a NiCrMoAl alloy was coated onto a mild steel substrate by arc spraying. The cored wire feedstock and the deposited coating were extensively characterized by a combination of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, focused ion beam microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Vickers microhardness and nanoindentation were used to investigate the mechanical properties of individual phases in the coating. The results showed that the NiCrMoAl alloy cored wire feedstock primarily consisted of material in elemental form including Ni, Cr, Mo, Al, Si, and Ti, whilst the arc sprayed coating contained a solute-lean γ-Ni phase, a (Mo, Si)-rich γ-Ni phase, elemental Mo splat as well as Cr2O3, Al2O3, and SiO2 at intersplat regions, together with ≤100 nm spherical Al2O3 particles within the splats. Partitioning of Mo and Si into the γ-Ni phase was observed following the rapid solidification of the splat on deposition. The Vickers hardness analysis showed that the average overall hardness of the coating was about 3.65 ± 0.56 GPa. However, nanoindentation indicated that the highest hardness was in the γ-Ni splat regions, especially those containing a high concentration of solute. The microstructural evolution, as well as the structure and chemistry of the phases that affect mechanical properties in the coating are discussed in detail

Social networking practices among fourth year high school students of Huasiong College of Iloilo Ledesco Campus

Abstract only.This study investigated the social networking practices among fourth year high school students of Huasiong College of Iloilo, Ledesco Campus. The non-probability sampling was utilized. From a total of 81 students, a sample of 49 was obtained through accidental sampling, where the researcher selected the sample unit based on their availability. A self-administered, researcher-made questionnaire served as the main tool for data collection. Results of the study showed that the majority of the respondents are 16-year old Filipino males. More participate in social networking sites. Three sites have been mentioned, namely: Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. Among the three sites, Facebook is the most popular. A large number of students sometimes spend more or less than 4 hours a day. Generally, students sometimes post in Facebook, never tweet and post in both Twitter and Instagram. In Facebook, more sometimes post photos rather than status and videos. In Twitter, students usually do not tweet tweets and photos. In Instagram, most do not post photos and videos, as well. Almost everyone sometimes participate in the said sites in English language. Overall, majority of the students belong to the no-participation level. Based on the results of this study, the researcher recommends to the fourth year students to maintain the “no participation” level on these social networking sites so they can give more time in studying since it is their pre-college year.Includes bibliographical referencesBachelor of Arts major in Englis

AI-Enabled Predictive Maintenance Framework For Connected Vehicles Using Cloud-Based Web Interfaces

A predictive maintenance framework based on arti- ficial intelligence (AI) is presented. Connected vehicles transmit vehicle-generated data to a cloud server from multiple vehicles. The data is processed with the AI model to forecast vehicle main- tenance requirements and issues and for scheduling maintenance operations in advance. The results—displayed on an easy-to-use, cloud-based web interface—consist of multiple-choice dropdowns to select the desired query for the AI model for processing and forecasting. The web interface facilitates smooth access to the AI process results and allows users to analyze data and identify the maintenance needs of individual connected vehicles

Pengaruh Return On Asset, Net Profit Margin, Debt To Equity Ratio, Current Ratio, dan Price To Book Value Terhadap Harga Saham Perusahaan Manufaktur Sub Sektor Otomotif Dan Komponen Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh return on asset, net profit margin, debt to equity ratio, dan prixe book value terhadap harga saham pada perusahaan manufaktur sub sektor otomotif dan komponen di BEI. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah menggunakan metode eksplanasi dan telaah dokumen di mana data yang digunakan data sekunder dan data kuantitatif. Sampel yang didapat 10 dari 13 sampel yang terdaftar di BEI dengan menggunakan purpose sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan regresi linier berganda dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan parsial menunjukkan bahwa price book value berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham sedangkan return on asset, net profit margin, debt to equity ratio, dan current ratio tidak berpengaruh terhadap harga saham secara parsial. Berdasarkan hasil uji F atau secara simultan menunjukkan bahwa return on asset, net profit margin, debt to equity ratio, current ratio, dan price book value berpengaruh signifikan terhadap harga saham secara bersama-sama