Replica Condensation and Tree Decay

We give an intuitive method--using local, cyclic replica symmetry--to isolate exponential tree decay in truncated (connected) correlations. We give an expansion and use the symmetry to show that all terms vanish, except those displaying {\em replica condensation}. The condensation property ensures exponential tree decay. We illustrate our method in a low-temperature Ising system, but expect that one can use a similar method in other random field and quantum field problems. While considering the illustration, we prove an elementary upper bound on the entropy of random lattice surfaces

Resolving the obscuring torus in NGC 1068 with the power of infrared interferometry: Revealing the inner funnel of dust

We present new interferometric data obtained with MIDI (MID infrared Interferometric instrument) for the Seyfert II galaxy NGC 1068, with an extensive coverage of sixteen uv points. These observations resolve the nuclear mid-infrared emission from NGC 1068 in unprecedented detail with a maximum resolution of 7 mas. For the first time, sufficient uv points have been obtained, allowing us to generate an image of the source using maximum entropy image reconstruction. The features of the image are similar to those obtained by modelling. We find that the mid-infrared emission can be represented by two components, each with a Gaussian brightness distribution. The first, identified as the inner funnel of the obscuring torus, is hot (800K), 1.35 parsec long, and 0.45 parsec thick in FWHM at a PA=-42 degrees (from north to east). It has an absorption profile different than standard interstellar dust and with evidence for clumpiness. The second component is 3 by 4 pc in FWHM with T=300K, and we identify it with the cooler body of the torus. The compact component is tilted by 45 degrees with respect to the radio jet and has similar size and orientation to the observed water maser distribution. We show how the dust distribution relates to other observables within a few parsecs of the core of the galaxy such as the nuclear masers, the radio jet, and the ionization cone. We compare our findings to a similar study of the Circinus galaxy and other relevant studies. Our findings shed new light on the relation between the different parsec-scale components in NGC 1068 and the obscuring torus.Comment: Accepted to MNRA

Kaon electromagnetic production: constraints set by new data

The CLAS data on the photo-production of K+ off the proton are utilised to study reaction mechanism of the process in frame of the isobaric approach. The missing D13 resonance is shown to be important for successful description of the data in the whole kinematical region. Constructed models provide satisfactory predictions for the process.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, contribution to the VIII International Conference on Hypernuclear & Strange Particle Physics, Jefferson Lab, Virginia, U.S.A., October 14-18, 200