Comparison of phantom materials for use in quality assurance of microbeam radiation therapy

Microbeam radiation therapy (MRT) is a promising radiotherapy modality that uses arrays of spatially fractionated micrometre-sized beams of synchrotron radiation to irradiate tumours. Routine dosimetry quality assurance (QA) prior to treatment is necessary to identify any changes in beam condition from the treatment plan, and is undertaken using solid homogeneous phantoms. Solid phantoms are designed for, and routinely used in, megavoltage X-ray beam radiation therapy. These solid phantoms are not necessarily designed to be water-equivalent at low X-ray energies, and therefore may not be suitable for MRT QA. This work quantitatively determines the most appropriate solid phantom to use in dosimetric MRT QA. Simulated dose profiles of various phantom materials were compared with those calculated in water under the same conditions. The phantoms under consideration were RMI457 Solid Water (Gammex-RMI, Middleton, WI, USA), Plastic Water (CIRS, Norfolk, VA, USA), Plastic Water DT (CIRS, Norfolk, VA, USA), PAGAT (CIRS, Norfolk, VA, USA), RW3 Solid Phantom (PTW Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany), PMMA, Virtual Water (Med-Cal, Verona, WI, USA) and Perspex. RMI457 Solid Water and Virtual Water were found to be the best approximations for water in MRT dosimetry (within ±3% deviation in peak and 6% in valley). RW3 and Plastic Water DT approximate the relative dose distribution in water (within ±3% deviation in the peak and 5% in the valley). PAGAT, PMMA, Perspex and Plastic Water are not recommended to be used as phantoms for MRT QA, due to dosimetric discrepancies greater than 5%

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Surface dosimetry for breast radiotherapy in the presence of immobilization cast material

Curative breast radiotherapy typically leaves patients with varying degrees of cosmetic damage. One problem interfering with cosmetically acceptable breast radiotherapy is the external contour for large pendulous breasts which often results in high doses to skin folds. Thermoplastic casts are often employed to secure the breasts to maintain setup reproducibility and limit the presence of skin folds. This paper aims to determine changes in surface dose that can be attributed to the use of thermoplastic immobilization casts. Skin dose for a clinical hybrid conformal/IMRT breast plan was measured using radiochromic film and MOSFET detectors at a range ofwater equivalent depths representative of the different skin layers. The radiochromic film was used as an integrating dosimeter, while the MOSFETs were used for real-time dosimetry to isolate the contribution of skin dose from individual IMRT segments. Strips of film were placed at various locations on the breast and the MOSFETs were used to measure skin dose at 16 positions spaced along the film strips for comparison of data. The results showed an increase in skin dose in the presence of the immobilization cast of up to 45.7% and 62.3% of the skin dose without the immobilization cast present as measured with Gafchromic EBT film and MOSFETs, respectively. The increase in skin dose due to the immobilization cast varied with the angle of beam incidence and was greatest when the beam was normally incident on the phantom. The increase in surface dose with the immobilization cast was greater under entrance dose conditions compared to exit dose conditions

In vivo

Rectal balloons are used in external beam prostate radiotherapy to provide reproducible anatomy and rectal dose reductions. This is an investigation into the combination of a MOSFET radiation detector with a rectal balloon for realtime in vivo rectal wall dosimetry. The MOSFET used in the study is a radiation detector that provides a water equivalent depth of measurement of 70 μm. Two MOSFETs were combined in a face-to-face orientation. The reproducibility, sensitivity and angular dependence were measured for the dual MOSFET in a 6 MV photon beam. The dual MOSFET was combined with a rectal balloon and irradiated with hypothetical prostate treatments in a phantom. The anterior rectal wall dose was measured in real time and compared with the planning system calculated dose. The dual MOSFET showed angular dependence within ±2.5% in the azimuth and +2.5%/−4% in the polar axes. When compared with an ion chamber measurement in a phantom, the dual MOSFET agreed within 2.5% for a range of radiation path lengths and incident angles. The dual MOSFET had reproducible sensitivity for fraction sizes of 2–10 Gy. For the hypothetical prostate treatments the measured anterior rectal wall dose was 2.6 and 3.2% lower than the calculated dose for 3DCRT and IMRT plans. This was expected due to limitations of the dose calculation method used at the balloon cavity interface. A dual MOSFET combined with a commercial rectal balloon was shown to provide reproducible measurements of the anterior rectal wall dose in real time. The measured anterior rectal wall dose agreed with the expected dose from the treatment plan for 3DCRT and IMRT plans. The dual MOSFET could be read out in real time during the irradiation, providing the capability for real-time dose monitoring of the rectal wall dose during treatment

Measurements of jet multiplicity and differential production cross sections of Z+jets events in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)=7TeV

Measurements of differential cross sections are presented for the production of a Z boson and at least one hadronic jet in proton-proton collisions at root s = 7 TeV, recorded by the CMS detector, using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 fb(-1). The jet multiplicity distribution is measured for up to six jets. The differential cross sections are measured as a function of jet transverse momentum and pseudorapidity for the four highest transverse momentum jets. The distribution of the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta is also measured as a function of the jet multiplicity. The measurements are compared with theoretical predictions at leading and next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD.Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and EconomyAustrian Science FundBelgian Fonds de la Recherche ScientifiqueFonds voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Bulgarian Ministry of Education and ScienceCERNChinese Academy of SciencesMinistry of Science and TechnologyNational Natural ScienceFoundationofChinaColombian FundingAgency (COLCIENCIAS)Croatian Ministry of Science, Education, and SportCroatian Science FoundationResearch Promotion Foundation, CyprusMinistry of Education and Research, EstoniaEstonian Research Council, EstoniaEuropean Regional Development Fund, EstoniaAcademy of FinlandFinnish Ministry of Education and CultureHelsinki Institute of PhysicsInstitut National de Physique Nucleaire et de Physique des Particules / CNRS, FranceCommissariat a l&apos;Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives / CEA, FranceBundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, GermanyDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, GermanyHelmholtz-Gemeinschaft Deutscher Forschungs zentren, GermanyGeneral Secretariat for Research and Technology, GreeceNational Scientific Research Foundation, HungaryNational Innovation Office, HungaryDepartment of Atomic Energy, IndiaDepartment of Science and Technology, IndiaInstitute for Studies in Theoretical Physics and Mathematics, IranScience Foundation, IrelandIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, ItalyKorean Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Republic of KoreaWorld Class University program of NRF, Republic of KoreaLithuanian Academy of SciencesMinistry of Education, and University of Malaya (Malaysia)Mexican Funding Agency (CINVESTAV)Mexican Funding Agency (CONACYT)Mexican Funding Agency (SEP)Mexican Funding Agency (UASLP-FAI)Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, New ZealandPakistan Atomic Energy CommissionMinistry of Science and Higher Education, PolandNational Science Centre, PolandFundacao para a Cienciaea Tecnologia, PortugalJINR, DubnaMinistry of Education and Science of the Russian FederationFederal Agency of Atomic Energy of the Russian FederationRussian Academy of SciencesRussian Foundation for Basic ResearchMinistry of Education, Science and Technological Development of SerbiaSecretaria de Estado de Investigacion, Desarrollo e Innovacion and Programa Consolider-Ingenio, SpainSwiss Funding Agency (ETH Board)Swiss Funding Agency (ETH Zurich)Swiss Funding Agency (PSI)Swiss Funding Agency (SNF)Swiss Funding Agency (UniZH)Swiss Funding Agency (Canton Zurich)Swiss Funding Agency (SER)Ministry of Science and Technology, TaipeiThailand Center of Excellence in PhysicsInstitute for the Promotion of Teaching Science andTechnologyofThailandSpecialTaskForceforActivating ResearchNational Science and Technology Development Agency of ThailandScientific and Technical Research Council of TurkeyTurkish Atomic Energy AuthorityNational Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, UkraineState Fund for Fundamental Researches, UkraineScience and Technology Facilities Council, United KingdomU.S. Department of EnergyU.S. National Science FoundationMarie Curie programEuropean Research CouncilEPLANET (European Union)Leventis FoundationA. P. Sloan FoundationAlexander von Humboldt FoundationBelgian Federal Science Policy OfficeFonds pour la Formation a la Recherche dans l&apos;Industrie et dans l&apos;Agriculture (FRIA-Belgium)Agentschap voor Innovatie door Wetenschap en Technologie (IWT-Belgium)Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (MEYS) of the Czech RepublicCouncil ofScienceandIndustrialResearch, IndiaHOMINGPLUS program of Foundation for Polish ScienceEuropean UnionRegional Development FundCompagnia di San Paolo (Torino)Consorzio per la Fisica (Trieste)MIUR (Italy)Thalis and Aristeia programsEU-ESFGreekNSRFNationalPrioritiesResearchProgram by Qatar National Research FundYerevan Phys Inst, Yerevan 375036, ArmeniaInst Hochenergiephys OeAW, Vienna, AustriaNatl Ctr Particle &High Energy Phys, Minsk, ByelarusUniv Antwerp, Antwerp, BelgiumVrije Univ Brussel, Brussels, BelgiumUniv Libre Bruxelles, Brussels, BelgiumUniv Ghent, B-9000 Ghent, BelgiumCatholic Univ Louvain, Louvain La Neuve, BelgiumUniv Mons, B-7000 Mons, BelgiumCtr Brasileiro Pesquisas Fis, Rio De Janeiro, BrazilUniv Estado Rio de Janeiro, BR-20550011 Rio De Janeiro, BrazilUniv Estadual Paulista, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed ABC, Sao Paulo, BrazilInst Nucl Energy Res, Sofia, BulgariaUniv Sofia, BU-1126 Sofia, BulgariaInst High Energy Phys, Beijing 100039, Peoples R ChinaPeking Univ, State Key Lab Nucl Phys &Technol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R ChinaUniv Los Andes, Bogota, ColombiaUniv Split, Fac Elect Engn, Mech Engn &Naval Architecture, Split, CroatiaUniv Split, Fac Sci, Split, CroatiaRudjer Boskovic Inst, Zagreb, CroatiaUniv Cyprus, CY-1678 Nicosia, CyprusCharles Univ Prague, Prague, Czech RepublicAcad Sci Res &Technol Arab Republ Egypt, Egyptian Network High Energy Phys, Cairo, EgyptNICPB, Tallinn, EstoniaUniv Helsinki, Dept Phys, Helsinki, FinlandHelsinki Inst Phys, Helsinki, FinlandLappeenranta Univ Technol, Lappeenranta, FinlandCEA Saclay, DSM IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, FranceEcole Polytech, IN2P3 CNRS, Lab Leprince Ringuet, Palaiseau, FranceUniv Strasbourg, Univ Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Inst Puridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS IN2P3, Strasbourg, FranceCtr Calcul Inst Natl Phys Nucl &Phys Particules, CNRS IN2P3, Villeurbanne, FranceUniv Lyon 1, Univ Lyon, Inst Phys Nucl Lyon, CNRS IN2P3, F-69622 Villeurbanne, FranceTbilisi State Univ, Inst High Energy Phys &Informatizat, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of GeorgiaRWTH Aachen Univ I, Inst Phys, Aachen, GermanyRWTH Aachen Univ III, Phys Inst A, Aachen, GermanyRWTH Aachen Univ III, Phys Inst B, Aachen, GermanyDESY, Hamburg, GermanyUniv Hamburg, Hamburg, GermanyInst Expt Kernphys, Karlsruhe, GermanyNCSR Demokritos, Inst Nucl &Particle Phys, Aghia Paraskevi, GreeceUniv Athens, Athens, GreeceUniv Ioannina, GR-45110 Ioannina, GreeceWigner Res Ctr Phys, Budapest, HungaryInst Nucl Res ATOMKI, Debrecen, HungaryUniv Debrecen, Debrecen, HungaryNatl Inst Sci Educ &Res, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, IndiaPanjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, IndiaUniv Delhi, Delhi 110007, IndiaSaha Inst Nucl Phys, Kolkata, IndiaBhabha Atom Res Ctr, Mumbai 400085, Maharashtra, IndiaTata Inst Fundamental Res, Mumbai 400005, Maharashtra, IndiaInst Res Fundamental Sci IPM, Tehran, IranUniv Coll Dublin, Dublin 2, IrelandIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, ItalyUniv Bari, Bari, ItalyPolitecn Bari, Bari, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, ItalyUniv Bologna, Bologna, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, ItalyUniv Catania, Catania, ItalyCSFNSM, Catania, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Firenze, I-50125 Florence, ItalyUniv Florence, Florence, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, I-00044 Frascati, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, I-16146 Genoa, ItalyUniv Genoa, Genoa, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Milano Bicocca, I-20133 Milan, ItalyUniv Milano Bicocca, Milan, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, ItalyUniv Naples Federico II, Naples, ItalyUniv Basilicata Potenza, Naples, ItalyUniv G Marconi Roma, Naples, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Padova, Padua, ItalyUniv Padua, Padua, ItalyUniv Trento, Padua, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, ItalyUniv Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, ItalyUniv Perugia, I-06100 Perugia, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, ItalyUniv Pisa, Pisa, ItalyScuola Normale Super Pisa, Pisa, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, ItalyUniv Rome, Rome, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Torino, I-10125 Turin, ItalyUniv Turin, Turin, ItalyUniv Piemonte Orientale Novara, Turin, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Trieste, Trieste, ItalyUniv Trieste, Trieste, ItalyKangwon Natl Univ, Chunchon, South KoreaKyungpook Natl Univ, Daegu, South KoreaChonbuk Natl Univ, Jeonju 561756, South KoreaChonnam Natl Univ, Inst Univ &Elementary Particles, Kwangju, South KoreaKorea Univ, Seoul, South KoreaUniv Seoul, Seoul, South KoreaSungkyunkwan Univ, Suwon, South KoreaVilnius Univ, Vilnius, LithuaniaUniv Malaya, Natl Ctr Particle Phys, Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaCtr Invest &Estudios Avanzados, IPN, Mexico City, DF, MexicoUniv Iberoamer, Mexico City, DF, MexicoBenemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Puebla, MexicoUniv Autonoma San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi, MexicoUniv Auckland, Auckland 1, New ZealandUniv Canterbury, Christchurch 1, New ZealandQuaid I Azam Univ, Natl Ctr Phys, Islamabad, PakistanNatl Ctr Nucl Res, Otwock, PolandUniv Warsaw, Fac Phys, Inst Expt Phys, Warsaw, PolandLab Instrumentacao &Fis Expt Particulas, Lisbon, PortugalJoint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna, RussiaPetersburg Nucl Phys Inst, St Petersburg, RussiaRussian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Res, Moscow 117312, RussiaInst Theoret &Expt Phys, Moscow 117259, RussiaPN Lebedev Phys Inst, Moscow 117924, RussiaMoscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Skobeltsyn Inst Nucl Phys, Moscow, RussiaInst High Energy Phys, State Res Ctr Russian Federat, Protvino, RussiaUniv Belgrade, Fac Phys, Belgrade 11001, SerbiaVinca Inst Nucl Sci, Belgrade, SerbiaCIEMAT, E-28040 Madrid, SpainUniv Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, SpainUniv Oviedo, Oviedo, SpainUniv Cantabria, CSIC, IFCA, E-39005 Santander, SpainCERN, European Org Nucl Res, CH-1211 Geneva, SwitzerlandPaul Scherrer Inst, Villigen, SwitzerlandETH, Inst Particle Phys, Zurich, SwitzerlandUniv Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandNatl Cent Univ, Chungli 32054, TaiwanNatl Taiwan Univ, Taipei 10764, TaiwanChulalongkorn Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Phys, Bangkok, ThailandCukurova Univ, Adana, TurkeyMiddle E Tech Univ, Dept Phys, TR-06531 Ankara, TurkeyBogazici Univ, Istanbul, TurkeyIstanbul Tech Univ, TR-80626 Istanbul, TurkeyKharkov Phys &Technol Inst, Natl Sci Ctr, UA-310108 Kharkov, UkraineUniv Bristol, Bristol, Avon, EnglandRutherford Appleton Lab, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, EnglandUniv London Imperial Coll Sci Technol &Med, London, EnglandBrunel Univ, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, EnglandBaylor Univ, Waco, TX 76798 USAUniv Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USABoston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USABrown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USAUniv Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USAUniv Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USAUniv Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USAUniv Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USAUniv Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USACALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91125 USACarnegie Mellon Univ, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USAUniv Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USACornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USAFairfield Univ, Fairfield, CT 06430 USAFermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Batavia, IL 60510 USAUniv Florida, Gainesville, FL USAFlorida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USAFlorida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USAFlorida Inst Technol, Melbourne, FL 32901 USAUniv Illinois, Chicago, IL USAUniv Iowa, Iowa City, IA USAJohns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USAUniv Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 USAKansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USALawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USAUniv Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USAMIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USAUniv Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USAUniv Mississippi, Oxford, MS USAUniv Nebraska, Lincoln, NE USASUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USANortheastern Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USANorthwestern Univ, Evanston, IL USAUniv Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USAOhio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USAPrinceton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USAUniv Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USAPurdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USAPurdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USARice Univ, Houston, TX USAUniv Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627 USARockefeller Univ, New York, NY 10021 USARutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ USAUniv Tennessee, Knoxville, TN USATexas A&amp;M Univ, College Stn, TX USATexas Tech Univ, Lubbock, TX 79409 USAVanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USAUniv Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USAWayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USAUniv Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USAVienna Univ Technol, A-1040 Vienna, AustriaUniv Haute Alsace Mulhouse, Univ Strasbourg, Inst Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien, CNRS IN2P3, Strasbourg, FranceUniv Estadual Campinas, Campinas, SP, BrazilSuez Univ, Suez, EgyptCairo Univ, Cairo, EgyptFayoum Univ, Al Fayyum, EgyptBritish Univ Egypt, Cairo, EgyptAin Shams Univ, Cairo, EgyptUniv Haute Alsace, Mulhouse, FranceBrandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus, Cottbus, GermanyInst Nucl Res, ATOMKI, H-4001 Debrecen, HungaryEotvos Lorand Univ, Budapest, HungaryVisva Bharati Univ, Santini Ketan, W Bengal, IndiaKing Abdulaziz Univ, Jeddah 21413, Saudi ArabiaUniv Ruhuna, Matara, Sri LankaIsfahan Univ Technol, Esfahan, IranSharif Univ Technol, Tehran, IranIslamic Azad Univ, Plasma Phys Res Ctr, Sci &Res Branch, Tehran, IranIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro, ItalyUniv Siena, I-53100 Siena, ItalyCNRS, IN2P3, Paris, FranceUniv Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, MexicoSt Petersburg State Polytech Univ, St Petersburg, RussiaUniv Rome, Fac Ingn, Rome, ItalyIst Nazl Fis Nucl, Scuola Normale &Sez, Pisa, ItalyAlbert Einstein Ctr Fundamental Phys, Bern, SwitzerlandGaziosmanpasa Univ, Tokat, TurkeyAdiyaman Univ, Adiyaman, TurkeyCag Univ, Mersin, TurkeyMersin Univ, Mersin, TurkeyIzmir Inst Technol, Izmir, TurkeyOzyegin Univ, Istanbul, TurkeyMarmara Univ, Istanbul, TurkeyKafkas Univ, Kars, TurkeyMimar Sinan Univ, Istanbul, TurkeyUniv Southampton, Sch Phys &Astron, Southampton, Hants, EnglandArgonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USAErzincan Univ, Erzincan, TurkeyYildiz Tekn Univ, Istanbul, TurkeyTexas A&amp;M Univ, Doha, QatarUniv Estadual Paulista, Instituto de Física Teórica (IFT), Sao Paulo, BrazilEstonian Research Council, Estonia: IUT23-4Estonian Research Council, Estonia: IUT23-6MIUR (Italy): 20108T4XT

Measurement of associated W plus charm production in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV

Peer reviewe