Sexual Relationships in Hispanic Countries: a Literature Review

This is a pre-print of an article published in Current Sexual Health Reports. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11930-020-00272-6Purpose of Review: Sexuality is a complex dimension for which culture seems to play an important role, particularly in countries that are more traditional. This review summarizes the knowledge about sexual relationships in Hispanic countries, considering sexual debut, attitudes, behaviors, and satisfaction. Recent Findings: In line with the literature reviewed, the sexual double standard seems to be continuing to influence sexual relationships. Some countries show more open expressions of sexuality based on the level of gender inequality or sexualized context, and within countries, variables such as religious commitment, family characteristics, and access to resources may play important roles in sexuality. Summary: Future research, policies, and interventions should consider these specific characteristics, including these forms of expression of sexuality, in the adjustment of cross-cultural and cross-national strategies

Construction and validation of clinical contents for development of learning objects

Objective: to describe the process of construction and validation of clinical contents for health learning objects, aimed at patients in the treatment of head and neck cancer. Method: descriptive, methodological study. The development of the script and the storyboard were based on scientific evidence and submitted to the appreciation of specialists for validation of content. The agreement index was checked quantitatively and the suggestions were qualitatively evaluated. Results: The items described in the roadmap were approved by 99% of expert experts. The suggestions for adjustments were inserted in their entirety in the final version. The free-marginal kappa statistical test, for multiple evaluators, presented value equal to 0.68%, granting a substantial agreement. Conclusion: The steps taken in the construction and validation of the content for the production of educational material for patients with head and neck cancer were adequate, relevant and suitable for use in other subjects.Objetivo: descrever o processo de construção e validação de conteúdos clínicos para objetos de aprendizagem em saúde, direcionados aos pacientes em tratamento do câncer de cabeça e pescoço. Método: estudo descritivo, metodológico. O desenvolvimento do roteiro e o storyboard foram fundamentados em evidências científicas e submetidos à apreciação de especialistas para validação de conteúdo. Verificou-se o índice de concordância, quantitativamente, e avaliaram-se qualitativamente as sugestões. Resultados: os itens descritos no roteiro foram aprovados por 99% dos especialistas peritos. As sugestões de ajustes foram inseridas, em sua totalidade, na versão final. O teste estatístico kappa free-marginal, para múltiplos avaliadores, apresentou valor igual a 0,68%, conferindo uma concordância substancial. Conclusão: os passos adotados no percurso de construção e validação do conteúdo para produção de material educativo destinado aos pacientes com câncer de cabeça e pescoço mostraram-se adequados, relevantes e passíveis de serem utilizados em outras temáticas.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Paulista Nursing Sch, Postgrad Program Nursing, Sao Paulo, BrazilCity Hope Comprehens Canc Ctr, Dept Med Oncol & Expt Therapeut, Duarte, CA USAUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Paulista Nursing Sch, Postgrad Program Nursing, Sao Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2015/09139-7Web of Scienc

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OBSERVED IN MAMMALS MAINTAINED IN AN AREA OF VERY HIGH NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY

Male rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were maintained for a 28-month period on the floor of a hut built at a site in southwestern France where the dose rate from natural radioactivity amounts to about 8 mrad/h. Male and female BALB/c mice (Mus musculus) were also placed in the hut during the summer period. The observations performed on those animals demonstrate that exposure to high natural radiation can increase the frequency of chromosome aberrations in somatic cells and indicate also that fertility in males and females is affected in an inverse manner. Model experiments with radon exposure of laboratory rabbits under controlled conditions have shown that the chromosome aberrations observed in somatic cells are not due to the radon exposure but essentially to gamma irradiation. </jats:p