Teflon Injection into the Trachea Causes Predictable Fibroblastic Response and Collagen Deposition: A Pilot Study.

BackgroundExpiratory central airway collapse is an increasingly recognized abnormality of the central airways and may be present in as many as 22% of patients evaluated for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or asthma. Many current treatment options require invasive procedures that have been shown to cause significant morbidity and mortality. To test the hypothesis that Teflon injection will induce sufficient fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition, we evaluated the time course on the effect of Teflon injection in the posterior membranous trachea on the histopathology of the tracheobronchial tree.MethodsSix Yucatan Pigs were assigned to undergo general anesthesia and injection of 0.3 to 0.5 mL of sterile Teflon paste in 50% glycerin into the posterior membranous tracheal wall. A control pig received an equivalent volume of glycerin. Animals were euthanized in predefined intervals and tracheas were excised and examined under light microscopy for identifying fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition.ResultsCompared with the control pig, the Teflon injection site showed tissue reaction of fibrohistiocytic proliferation and subsequent collagen deposition in all animals. Furthermore, the increased fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition were time dependent (P<0.01).ConclusionThis pilot study demonstrates histopathologic changes in the trachea after Teflon injection, comprised of increased fibroblast activity and collagen deposition that could be of potential use in creating greater airway rigidity in patients with sever diffuse excessive dynamic airway collapse

An Analysis of Selected Climate Action Plans in California

This project involves the research and comparison of seven cities’ climate action plans, each from its own region within California. The areas selected roughly represent major California regions, each with unique characteristics that will impact the characteristics of the climate action plan’s framework and contents. This analysis will identify similarities in framework and content among each plan, highlighting organizational differences, some generalized observations, and the consistency of topics covered and not covered within the plans. This project reviews the California Office of Planning & Research’s General Plan Guidelines Chapter 8, the California Office of Emergency Services’ California Adaptation Planning Guide, and California’s 2017 Climate Change Scoping Plan. Each climate action plan will be analyzed through the lens of state guidelines and its perceived level of effectiveness in terms of its policy, programs, implementation methods, and monitoring methods

Upacara Pembuataan Rumah Adat Suku Lamunde Kampung Wanno Lamunde Desa Karuni Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya

 Penelitian ini mengkaji Upacara Pembuatan Rumah Adat Suku Lamunde di Kampung Wanno Lamunde, Desa Karuni, Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya. Tujuan utama studi ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan secara komprehensif latar belakang, proses, fungsi, dan nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam upacara tersebut. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling, dengan informan kunci yang dipilih adalah tua adat dan tokoh masyarakat berusia 50 tahun ke atas yang dianggap kredibel, sehat jasmani dan rohani, berpengalaman, dan selalu terlibat dalam pelaksanaan upacara. Sumber data yang digunakan meliputi data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara dan observasi, serta data sekunder dari kepustakaan dan dokumen terkait. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa latar belakang upacara pembuatan rumah adat Suku Lamunde berakar pada pemahaman masyarakat bahwa rumah adat adalah bagian esensial dari budaya dan kehidupan mereka, serta merupakan bentuk penghormatan kepada leluhur. Proses pelaksanaan upacara ini sangat memperhatikan tahapan penting agar tidak menyimpang dari adat istiadat yang berlaku dan menghindari kemarahan leluhur yang diyakini dapat menimbulkan penyakit. Tahap-tahap tersebut meliputi persiapan (musyawarah, mufakat, serta pengadaan alat dan bahan), pelaksanaan (dimulai dengan Buru di mama da’mate [penurunan atau pengeluaran barang sakral], Tatara umma, pazigo geli [pembongkaran rumah adat lama dan pembersihan], Pakede pari’i tilu [pembuatan tiang tengah/rangka utama], Pakede tokona karabona karagana [pembuatan rangka menara dan pemasangan balok nok], Padua katonga, korona [pembuatan bale-bale dan pembagian ruang/kamar], Tauge ro’o na [pemasangan seng aap], Ngokotage umma, tau ge rabuka [pemasangan dan pembuatan tempat tungku/masak], dan Boti i’umma [pengembalian atau pemasukan kembali isi rumah]), dan diakhiri dengan tahap penyempurnaan (pawaana kalere) untuk mengoreksi kesalahan yang mungkin terjadi selama proses. Fungsi rumah adat ini mencakup aspek sosial dan relijius. Sementara itu, nilai-nilai yang terkandung dalam upacara pembuatan rumah adat Suku Lamunde meliputi nilai religius, persatuan, gotong royong, historis, edukasi, dan estetika

Timsko vodstvo i timski rad u Hrvatskoj ratnoj mornarici – MIO boarding timovi

This paper deals with the topic of teamwork, and application of the theory of team leadership to the example of Maritime Interdiction Operations Teams (MIT) and transfer of teams, in composition of the Croatian Navy. The paper presents the key topics and issues of the theory of team leadership: influence of the leadership process on the team’s processes and ultimately on performance, distributed leadership within the team, influence of the context on leadership and success. By researching boarding teams, their structure, leadership processes of such teams, processes performed by teams and the way in which such teams carry out their tasks in context of the military organization, the Croatian Navy and the Armed Forces of the Republic of Croatia were elaborated. Peculiarities of the team leadership and team processes from cognitive, motivational, coordination, and emotional categories were determined. Characteristic activities of the transition phase of the team as well as the action phase, and peculiarities of performance of the boarding teams, were determined. Scientific contributions of the work, and contribution to military organization, as well as a wider social contribution, are the result of the aforementioned findings.Ovaj rad bavi se temom timskog rada te primjene teorije timskog vodstva na primjer timova za presretanje plovila i prekrcaj (Maritime Interdiction Operations Teams - MIT), u sastavu Hrvatske ratne mornarice. Kroz rad su izložene ključne teme i problematika teorije timskog vodstva: utjecaj procesa vodstva na procese tima i u konačnici na performanse, raspodijeljeno vodstvo unutar tima, utjecaj konteksta na vodstvo i uspjeh. Zatim je istraživanjem boarding timova obrađen njihov ustroj, procesi vodstva ovakvih timova, procesi koje timovi izvode i način na koji ovakvi timovi provode svoje zadaće u kontekstu vojne organizacije, Hrvatske ratne mornarice i Oružanih snaga Republike Hrvatske. Utvrđene su osobitosti timskog vodstva i procesa tima iz kategorija spoznajnih, motivacijskih, koordinacijskih, emocionalnih. Utvrđene su i karakteristične aktivnosti tranzicijske faze tima kao i faze akcije, te osobitosti performansi boarding timova. Iz navedenih spoznaja slijede znanstveni doprinosi rada, te doprinos za vojno organiziranje kao i širi društveni doprinos

DO RISK MANAGEMENT DISCLOSURE AFFECT FIRM VALUE THROUGH PROFITABILITY?

Investors are parties who determine a company’s sustainability because the funds invested by investors are a source of funds for the company. Investors do not only consider financial statements but also the nonfinancial side, namely the value of a company and how the company manages risk. The company’s value can be seen from the fair market value of the share price. If the stock price of a company is high, the value of the company is also high, thereby increasing investor confidence in investing. Therefore, this study examines the effect of enterprise risk management disclosures on firm value through profitability. The design of this research is quantitative research with hypothesis testing. The population in this study are banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 – 2020. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling so that a sample of 40 companies is obtained. The research period used is three years (2018 – 2020) which has total sample data is 120. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression using the SPSS version 23 application to process the data. The test results prove that the Company’s Risk Management Disclosure positively affects Firm Value and Profitability. While profitability does not affect firm value and does not have a significant impact on mediating the influence of corporate risk management on firm value. Keywords: enterprise risk management disclosure, firm value, profitabilit

Asuhan Kebidanan Berkelanjutan Pada Ny. S.D. di Puskesmas Gaura Periode 28 April s/d 29 Juni 2019.

Latar Belakang: Angka kematian Ibu (AKI) di NTT masih tinggi. Data yang di laporkan bagian kehatan keluarga dinas kesehatan Kabupaten Kupang tercatat tahun 2016 sebesar 13 per 100.000 Kelahiran hidup (KH), terbanyak karena perdarahan dan Angka kematian bayi (AKB) sebesar 17 per 1000 KH, dengan dilakukan asuhan kebidanan secara berkelanjutan pada ibu hamil Trimester III hingga perawatan masa nifas diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam menurunkan AKI dan AKB di Indonesia serta tercapai kesehatan ibu dan anak yang optimal. Tujuan Penelitian: Menerapkan Asuhan Kebidanan Berkelanjutan pada Ny. S.D di Puskesmas Gaura Kecamatan Laboya Barat Kabupaten Sumba Barat Periode 28 April s/d 29 Juni 2019. Metode Penelitian: Jenis studi kasus yang digunakan adalah penelahan kasus, subyek studi kasus yaitu Ny. S.D di Puskesmas Gaura, teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan data primer yang meliputi pemeriksaan fisik, wawancara, dan observasi sedangkan data sekunder meliputi kepustakaan dan studi dokumentasi. Hasil: Kehamilan Ny. S.D berlangsung selama 39 minggu, telah melakukan ANC 6 kali. Masalah yang dialami adalah sering kencing pada malam hari, setelah dilakukan asuhan masalah teratasi. Simpulan: Asuhan Kebidanan secara berkelanjutan keadaan pasien baik mulai dari kehamilan sampai pada bayi baru lahi rdan KB asuhan dapat diberikan dengan bai

Heavy metals as endocrine disruptors

Broj kemijskih tvari kojima su ljudi izloženi tijekom proteklih stotinu godina dramatično se povećao. Međutim, veliki broj kemijskih tvari, prirodnih i sintetiziranih, ima svojstvo imitacije prirodnih hormona. Te kemijske tvari, koje ulaskom u organizam mogu se vezati na hormonske receptore, te na taj način remetiti normalnu funkciju hormona, nazivamo endokrini disruptori. Endokrini disruptori imaju sposobnost oponašanja aktivnosti endogenih hormona i postizanja ekvivalentnih učinaka. Endokrini disruptori također blokiraju aktivnost endogenih hormona preko mehanizma kojim se natječu za hormonske receptore ili mogu utjecati na fiziološku koncentraciju hormona. Također, endokrini disruptori pokazuju svojstvo sinergizma, međusobnim djelovanjem znatno povećavaju ukupan učinak. Narušena endokrina ravnoteža se očituje promjenama na različitim organima i sustavima organizma, uzrokujući negativne razvojne, reproduktivne, neurološke i imunološke učinke u ljudi. Za razliku od drugih toksičnih tvari, koje su otrovne u većim količinama, endokrini disruptori trenutačno djeluju na zdravlje čak i u malim količinama, budući da su kemijski vrlo slični ljudskim hormonima. Posebno je opasno njihovo djelovanje u razdoblju fetalnog rasta i razvoja, kada su i najmanje količine različitih hormona izlučenih u specifično vrijeme važne za pravilan razvoj organa, cijelog tijela i uspostavu biokemijskog sustava. U skupinu endokrinih disruptora pripadaju mnogi pesticidi (atrazin, DDT, alaklor, glifosat), aditivi u plastici (ftalati, PBDE, bisfenol A) kozmetički konzervansi (triklosan, benzofenoni, parabeni), dioksini, poliklorirani bifenili, sintetski estrogeni (DES), urbani zagađivači zraka (policiklički aromatski ugljikovodici PAH) i dr. Nalazimo ih u mnogim proizvodima koje svakodnevno koristimo poput plastičnih boca, limenki za hranu, deterdžentima, igračkama, kozmetici, lijekovima i hrani. U organizam ih unosimo hranom, vodom ili ih udišemo. Istraživanja na području reproduktivne i razvojne toksikologije pokazala su da teški metali: olovo, živa, kadmij i arsen također štetno utječu na reprodukcijske funkcije i rast i razvoj čovjeka.In the last 100 years number of chemical substances to which humans are exposed has increased dramatically. A large number of natural and chemical substances have properties of emulating natural hormones. These chemical substances entering human body can bind to hormonal receptors and interfere with hormonal function, are named endocrine disruptors. Therefore, endocrine disruptors have ability to mimic endogenous hormones and achieve equivalent effects. Endocrine disruptors also block activity of endogenous hormones through competitive mechanism of binding hormonal receptors or they can influence physiologic concentrations of hormones. Also, different endocrine disruptors can act in synergy increasing total adverse effect on human organism. Disrupted balance of endocrine system manifests itself with alterations in different organs and organ systems, causing developmental, reproductive, neurologic and immune adverse effects. Different from other toxic substances, which cause poisoning in higher doses, endocrine disruptors are a health risk already in low concentrations, considering them being very much alike human hormones. In particular, dangerous is their effect in period of fetal growth and development, when even the lowest concentrations of different hormones present in specific timing, is crucial for normal development of organs, the whole organism and biochemical system. Endocrine disruptors are numerous pesticides (athrazine, DDT, alachlor, glifosate), plastics aditives (phtalates, PBDE, Bisphenol A), conservatives in cosmetics (triclosane, benzophenons, parabens), dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, synthetic estrogen (DES), urban air pollutants (plycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAH) etc. They are found in numerous products we use daily like plastic bottles, food cans, detergents, toys, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food. They enter the body by ingesting food, water or through inhalation. Research in reproductive and developmental toxicology have shown that metaloestrogens: lead, mercury, cadmium and arsen also adversely affect reproductive functions and human growth and development

Heavy metals as endocrine disruptors

Broj kemijskih tvari kojima su ljudi izloženi tijekom proteklih stotinu godina dramatično se povećao. Međutim, veliki broj kemijskih tvari, prirodnih i sintetiziranih, ima svojstvo imitacije prirodnih hormona. Te kemijske tvari, koje ulaskom u organizam mogu se vezati na hormonske receptore, te na taj način remetiti normalnu funkciju hormona, nazivamo endokrini disruptori. Endokrini disruptori imaju sposobnost oponašanja aktivnosti endogenih hormona i postizanja ekvivalentnih učinaka. Endokrini disruptori također blokiraju aktivnost endogenih hormona preko mehanizma kojim se natječu za hormonske receptore ili mogu utjecati na fiziološku koncentraciju hormona. Također, endokrini disruptori pokazuju svojstvo sinergizma, međusobnim djelovanjem znatno povećavaju ukupan učinak. Narušena endokrina ravnoteža se očituje promjenama na različitim organima i sustavima organizma, uzrokujući negativne razvojne, reproduktivne, neurološke i imunološke učinke u ljudi. Za razliku od drugih toksičnih tvari, koje su otrovne u većim količinama, endokrini disruptori trenutačno djeluju na zdravlje čak i u malim količinama, budući da su kemijski vrlo slični ljudskim hormonima. Posebno je opasno njihovo djelovanje u razdoblju fetalnog rasta i razvoja, kada su i najmanje količine različitih hormona izlučenih u specifično vrijeme važne za pravilan razvoj organa, cijelog tijela i uspostavu biokemijskog sustava. U skupinu endokrinih disruptora pripadaju mnogi pesticidi (atrazin, DDT, alaklor, glifosat), aditivi u plastici (ftalati, PBDE, bisfenol A) kozmetički konzervansi (triklosan, benzofenoni, parabeni), dioksini, poliklorirani bifenili, sintetski estrogeni (DES), urbani zagađivači zraka (policiklički aromatski ugljikovodici PAH) i dr. Nalazimo ih u mnogim proizvodima koje svakodnevno koristimo poput plastičnih boca, limenki za hranu, deterdžentima, igračkama, kozmetici, lijekovima i hrani. U organizam ih unosimo hranom, vodom ili ih udišemo. Istraživanja na području reproduktivne i razvojne toksikologije pokazala su da teški metali: olovo, živa, kadmij i arsen također štetno utječu na reprodukcijske funkcije i rast i razvoj čovjeka.In the last 100 years number of chemical substances to which humans are exposed has increased dramatically. A large number of natural and chemical substances have properties of emulating natural hormones. These chemical substances entering human body can bind to hormonal receptors and interfere with hormonal function, are named endocrine disruptors. Therefore, endocrine disruptors have ability to mimic endogenous hormones and achieve equivalent effects. Endocrine disruptors also block activity of endogenous hormones through competitive mechanism of binding hormonal receptors or they can influence physiologic concentrations of hormones. Also, different endocrine disruptors can act in synergy increasing total adverse effect on human organism. Disrupted balance of endocrine system manifests itself with alterations in different organs and organ systems, causing developmental, reproductive, neurologic and immune adverse effects. Different from other toxic substances, which cause poisoning in higher doses, endocrine disruptors are a health risk already in low concentrations, considering them being very much alike human hormones. In particular, dangerous is their effect in period of fetal growth and development, when even the lowest concentrations of different hormones present in specific timing, is crucial for normal development of organs, the whole organism and biochemical system. Endocrine disruptors are numerous pesticides (athrazine, DDT, alachlor, glifosate), plastics aditives (phtalates, PBDE, Bisphenol A), conservatives in cosmetics (triclosane, benzophenons, parabens), dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls, synthetic estrogen (DES), urban air pollutants (plycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons PAH) etc. They are found in numerous products we use daily like plastic bottles, food cans, detergents, toys, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and food. They enter the body by ingesting food, water or through inhalation. Research in reproductive and developmental toxicology have shown that metaloestrogens: lead, mercury, cadmium and arsen also adversely affect reproductive functions and human growth and development

Representasi Lima Dimensi Religiusitas Dalam Film Le Grand Voyage

Agama merupakan unsur yang sangat penting dalam sebuah tatanan kehidupan yang secara tidak langsung mempengaruhi kondisi sekelompok masyarakat. Oleh karena itu pola keberagamaan dalam suatu masyarakat memiliki daya tarik tersendiri sebagai objek untuk menarik perhatian khalayak. Media yang banyak menggunakan agama sebagai objek dalam penyampaian pesan adalah film. Salah satu film Prancis yang mengangkat tema keberagamaan dan memiliki penerapan dimensi religiusitas di dalamnya adalah film Le Grand Voyage yang ditayangkan pada tahun 2014. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana lima dimensi religiusitas Glock dan Stark diterapkan dalam film tersebut. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan teori dimensi religiusitas Glock dan Stark yang penulis temukan dalam buku karangan Djamaludin Ancok dan Fuat Nashori Suroso yang berjudul Psikologi Islami (1994). Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dimensi-dimensi religiusitas banyak diterapkan dalam film Le Grand Voyage. Didukung oleh sifat sang ayah yang agamis dan Reda yang awam pengetahuan agama menjadikan film ini sarat dengan dimensi dan pesan moral keagamaan. Penerapan dimensi ideologi ditemukan dalam sikap sang ayah yang teguh dalam keimanannya. Dimensi eksperiental ditemukan dalam sensasi ketakutan sang ayah akan kematian. Dimensi praktik ibadah ditemukan dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan keagamaan seperti shalat dan haji. Dimensi pengetahuan agama diterapkan dalam percakapan Reda dengan Mustafa, dan dimensi etis diterapkan dalam sikap tolong-menolong sang ayah kepada wanita tua dan janda. Bagi penelitian selanjutnya yang menggunakan film ini sebagai objek material, diharapkan untuk tidak hanya menggunakan teori dimensi religiusitas Glock dan stark melainkan juga menggunakan teori dari Ninian Smart untuk memperlebar cakupan bidang kajian untuk film ini

Gambaran Tingkat Pengetahuan Ibu Tentang Pemberian Makanan Pendamping Asi Dengan Status Gizi Baduta Usia 6-24 Bulan Di Desa Tablolong

Latar Belakang : Masa bayi merupakan kelompok masyarakat rawan gizi dimana prevalensi tertinggi ditemukan pada kelompok tersebut. Hasil riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) kementrian kesehatan 2018 menunjukan kecendrungan prevalensi anak balita pendek atau stunting sebesar 30,8%. Rumusan Masalah : Bagaimana gambaran tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang pemberian makanan pendamping Asi dengan status gizi Baduta usia 6-24 bulan di Desa Tablolong?. Tujuan umum : Untuk mengetahui gambaran tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang pemberian makanan pendamping ASI dengan status gizi baduta usia 6-24 bulan di Desa Tablolong. Tujuan Khusus : Untuk mengetahui pengetahuan Ibu tentang MP-ASI,Untuk mengetahui status gizi baduta usia 6-24 bulan,untuk mengetahui pengetahuan ibu dengan status gizi. Jenis Penelitian : Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan rancangan observasional deskriptif. Penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dalam penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan utama untuk mengetahui gambaran atau deskripsi secara objektif tentang pola pemberian MP-ASI dengan status gizi anak. Hasil Penelitian : Tingkat pengetahuan ibu tentang MP-ASI dengan kategori baik ada 7 (17,9%), cukup ada 27 ( 79,2%) dan kurang ada 5 (12,8%) , status gizi berdasarkan 4 indikator didapatkan bahwa, status gizi berdasarkan indikator Berat Badan Menurut Tinggi Badan yang lebih dominan adalah status gizi normal yaitu sebanyak 30 baduta (76,9%). indikator Berat Badan Menurut umur yang lebih dominan adalah status gizi baik yaitu sebanyak 32 baduta (82,1%) .Indikator Tinggi Badan menurut Umur lebih dominan adalah status gizi normal yaitu sebanyak 34 baduta (87,2%) , dan indikator Indeks Massa Tubuh Menurut Umur lebih dominan adalah status gizi normal yaitu sebanyak 30 baduta (76,9%)