സാമ്പിൾ ശേഖരണം ശാസ്ത്രീയ മണ്ണുപരിശോധനയ്ക്ക്

സാമ്പിൾ ശേഖരണം ശാസ്ത്രീയ മണ്ണുപരിശോധനയ്ക്ക് Sample collection for scientific soil analysi

North Pacific Decadal Variability in the GEOS-5 Atmosphere-Ocean Model

This study examines the mechanisms of the Pacific decadal oscillation (PDO) in the GEOS-5 general circulation model. The model simulates a realistic PDO pattern that is resolved as the first empirical orthogonal function (EOF) of winter sea surface temperature (SST). The simulated PDO is primarily forced by Aleutian low through Ekman transport and surface fluxes, and shows a red spectrum without any preferred periodicity. This differs from the observations, which indicate a greater role of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) forcing, and likely reflects the too short time scale of the simulated ENSO. The geostrophic transport in response to the Aleutian low is limited to the Kuroshio-Oyashio Extension, and is unlikely the main controlling factor in this model, although it reinforces the Ekman-induced SST anomalies. The delay between the Aleutian low and the PDO is relatively short (1 year) suggesting that the fast Ekman response (rather than Rossby wave propagation) sets the SST pattern immediately following an Aleutian low fluctuation. The atmospheric feedback (response to the SST) is only about 25 of the forcing and never evolves into an Aleutian low completely, instead projecting onto the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO), a meridional dipole in sea level pressure (SLP). The lack of preferred periodicity and weak atmospheric response bothindicate a coupled oscillation is an unlikely mechanism for the PDO in this model. In agreement with recent studies, the NPO is correlated with the North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO), which is another leading EOF of the North Pacific SST. A possible connection between the PDO and the NPGO is discussed

Comparison of the Adherence to the American Diabetes Association Guidelines of Diabetes Care in Primary Care and Subspecialty Clinics

Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem with significant morbidity and mortality. Evidence based guidelines have been proposed to reduce the micro and macrovascular complications, but studies have shown that these goals are not being met. We sought to compare the adherence to the American Diabetes Association guidelines for measurement and control of glycohemoglobin (A1c), blood pressure (BP), lipids (LDL) and microalbuminuria (MA) by subspecialty and primary care clinics in an academic medical center. Methods 390 random charts of patients with diabetes from Family Practice (FP), Internal Medicine (IM) and Diabetes (DM) clinics at Michigan State University were reviewed. Results We reviewed 131, 134 and 125 charts from the FP, IM and DM clinics, respectively. DM clinic had a higher percentage of patients with type 1 diabetes 43/125 (34.4%) compared with 7/131 (5.3%) in FP and 7/134 (5.2%) in IM clinics. A1c was measured in 99%, 97.8% and 100% subjects in FP, IM and DM clinics respectively. B.P. was measured in all subjects in all three clinics. Lipids were checked in 97.7%, 95.5% and 92% patients in FP, IM and DM clinics respectively. MA was measured at least once during the year preceding the office visit in 85.5%, 82.8% and 76.8% patients in FP, IM and DM clinics respectively. A1C was controlled (<7%) in 38.9, 43.3, 28.8% of patients in the FP, IM and DM clinics, respectively (p = 0.034). LDL was controlled (<100 mg/dl or 2.586 mmol/l) in 71.8, 64.9, 64% of patients in the FP, IM and DM clinics, respectively. MA was controlled (<30 mg/gm creatinine) in 60.3%, 51.5% and 60% patients in FP, IM and DM clinics respectively (P = 0.032). BP was controlled (<130/80) in 59.5, 67.2 and 52.8% patients in the FP, IM and DM clinics, respectively. Conclusion Testing rates for A1C, LDL, and MA were high, in both subspecialty and primary care clinics. However, the degree of control was not optimal. Significantly fewer patients in the DM clinic had A1c <7%, the cause of which may be multifactorial.http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/111055/1/40200_2015_Article_158.pd

Impact of Self Help Groups in Gender Mainstreaming: A Case Study on Fish Amino Enterprise in Vypin, Kerala

A study for assessing the impact of SHGs in gender mainstreaming was undertaken on the fish amino acid producing units operating at Vypin located at Ernakulam District of Kerala. The analysis included specific aspects such as performance assessment of the SHGs, gender analysis, empowerment analysis and economic feasibility analysis which were carried out based on socio-economic surveys and personal interviews using pre-tested and structured data gathering protocols with standardized scales and indices involving the members of the SHGs. The male and female counterparts of the families were separately interviewed to assess the gender mainstreaming aspects in terms of equity and equality to access to resources, participation profile, decision making aspects, gender need analysis etc. Though majority of activities are female dominated, the male counterparts of the households also have definite role in decision making, purchase of accessories, sales, marketing etc. The indicative economics worked out for the economic feasibility analysis of the SHGs suggests that, the unit takes just one year to break even. A success case study was elucidated and documented as a documentary movie which can be used as a case model for promoting group action for mobilizing SHGs on a sustainable basis

Gender Mainstreaming and Impact of Self-Help Groups: A Study on Social Entrepreneurship through Fish Aggregating Devices in Mannancheri of Alappuzha, Kerala

A research study for assessing the impact of fisher folk Self Help Groups in gender mainstreaming was undertaken on social entrepreneurship venture on fish aggregating devices at Mannancheri gramapanchayath, located at Alappuzha district of Kerala. The analysis included specific aspects such as performance assessment of the SHGs, gender analysis and empowerment analysis which were carried out based on socio-economic surveys and personal interviews using pre-tested and structured data gathering protocols with standardized scales and indices involving the members of the SHGs. The male and female counterparts of the families were separately interviewed to assess the gender mainstreaming aspects in terms of equity and equality to access to resources, participation profile, decision making aspects, gender need analysis etc. Though majority of activities are male dominated, the female counterparts of the households also have definite role in decision making, purchase of accessories etc. A success case study was elucidated and documented as a documentary which can be used as a case model for promoting group action for mobilizing SHGs on a sustainable basis

Using post-measurement information in state discrimination

We consider a special form of state discrimination in which after the measurement we are given additional information that may help us identify the state. This task plays a central role in the analysis of quantum cryptographic protocols in the noisy-storage model, where the identity of the state corresponds to a certain bit string, and the additional information is typically a choice of encoding that is initially unknown to the cheating party. We first provide simple optimality conditions for measurements for any such problem, and show upper and lower bounds on the success probability. For a certain class of problems, we furthermore provide tight bounds on how useful post-measurement information can be. In particular, we show that for this class finding the optimal measurement for the task of state discrimination with post-measurement information does in fact reduce to solving a different problem of state discrimination without such information. However, we show that for the corresponding classical state discrimination problems with post-measurement information such a reduction is impossible, by relating the success probability to the violation of Bell inequalities. This suggests the usefulness of post-measurement information as another feature that distinguishes the classical from a quantum world.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, revtex, v2: published version, minor change

“Impact of service quality on tourists’ satisfaction in Agri tourism destinations in Kerala”

Abstract This study identified key determinants of agri tourism for the assessment of perceived service quality, regression analysis used to examine the impact of service quality dimensions on customer satisfaction. Utilizing a self-administered questionnaire and judgemental sampling technique, 100 responses from both domestic and foreign tourists were collected and analysed. The factor analysis identified seven indicators of quality of services, those are products and services, price (price worthiness), place (accessibility), promotion, people (service personnel), physical evidence (ambience) and process (customer services). The results of regression study showed that these variables have favourable effect on customer satisfaction, and that perceived service quality

A study on bacterial vaginosis in pregnancy and its effect on pregnancy outcome

Background: Bacterial vaginosis is an extremely prevalent vaginal condition and one of the causes of vaginitis among both pregnant and non pregnant women and associated with severe sequelae. Fifty percent of the women are asymptomatic. Current studies have found that the prevalence of BV ranges from 15% to 30% among non-pregnant women and 10% to 41% among pregnant women.Methods: This is a prospective study conducted among 150 pregnant women who attended the antenatal outpatient and inpatient clinic in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Nellore over a period of two years from Oct 2016 to Oct 2018. Obstetric cases fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study by convenient sampling technique. They were followed till the outcome of pregnancy. The data was subjected to usual statistical analysis by employing the chi-square tests.Results: Prevalence of the bacterial vaginosis was 20% in the present study. BV was significantly (p0.05) between BV positive and negative women.Conclusions: Considering the vast spectrum of maternal and fetal morbidity associated with this infection, and the availability of rapid inexpensive diagnostic tests it may be prudent to screen BV in pregnancy, so that it may be treated early and hence prevent the adverse pregnancy outcomes

Antifungal potential of Azotobacter species and its metabolites against Fusarium verticillioides and biodegradation of fumonisin

Abstract Aims In the study, seven Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Azotobacter species were screened against three strains of Fusarium verticillioides to test its antifungal activity. Azotobacter strains were tested for the degradation of fumonisin produced by F. verticillioides. Secondary metabolites were isolated and characterized from the Azotobacter strains for the first time. Methods and Results Potential seven Azotobacter species antifungal activity was tested following the dual culture assay against three strains of Fusarium verticillioides namely FVM-42, FVM-86 and MTCC156 estimating the substantial zone of inhibition. Azotobacter species AZT-31 and AZT-50 strains significantly inhibited the growth of F. verticillioides recording drastic growth enhancement of maize under in-vitro conditions by calculating the infection incidence, vigour index and germination percentage. As confirmation, dereplication studies were conducted for the reconfirmation of Azotobacter strains by isolating from rhizoplane. Azotobacter strains played a key role in the degradation of fumonisin produced by F. verticillioides reporting 98% degradation at 2Â h of incubation with the pathogen. Furthermore, in the study first time, we have tried to isolate and characterize the secondary metabolites from the Azotobacter strains exhibiting six compounds from the species AZT-31 (2) and AZT-50 (4). Preliminary in-vitro experiments were carried out using the compounds extracted to check the reduction of infection incidence (90%) and increase in germination percentage upto 50 to 70% when compared to the test pathogen. Conclusion Azotobacter strains referred as PGPR on influencing the growth of plant by producing certain substances that act as stimulators on inhibiting the growth of the pathogen. Significance and Impact of the study The future perspective would be the production of an active combination of carboxamide compound and Azotobacter species for preventively controlling the phytopathogenic fungi of plants and crops and also towards the treatment of seeds

Power Generalized KM-Transformation for Non-Monotone Failure Rate Distribution

Lifetime models with a non-monotone hazard rate $\hspace{0.12cm}$ function have a wide range of applications in engineering and lifetime data analysis. There are different bathtub shaped failure rate models that are available in reliability literature. Kavya and Manoharan (2021) introduced a new transformation called KM-transformation which was found to be more useful in reliability and lifetime data analysis. Power generalization technique would be the best approach to deal with a system whose components are connected in series, in which the distribution of the component is KM-transformation of any lifetime model. In this article, we introduce a new lifetime model, Power Generalized KM-Transformation (PGKM) for Non-Monotone Failure Rate Distribution, which shows monotone and non-monotone behavior for the hazard rate function for different choices of values of parameters. We derive the moments, moment generating function, characteristic function, quantiles, entropy etc of the proposed distribution. Distributions of minimum and maximum are obtained. Estimation of parameters of the distribution is performed via maximum likelihood method. A simulation study is performed to validate the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE). Analysis of three sets of real data are given