Le rôle des techniciens et des informaticiens dans la co-production de l’information en ligne

Cet article s’intéresse, dans une perspective compréhensive, au rôle des techniciens et des informaticiens dans les salles de rédaction. A partir d’un aperçu de la littérature, nous nous efforcerons de comprendre la place qu’occupent les techniciens dans les salles de rédaction contemporaines, mais aussi la place que leur accordent les journalistes ou même les chercheurs. Au gré de quelques rappels historiques, nous verrons que, tour à tour, les techniciens et les journalistes ont empiété sur le champ de compétence l’un de l’autre. Ce mouvement d’aller-retour suscite des inquiétudes parmi les profils professionnels les plus fragilisés. Nous passerons ensuite en revue les principaux rôles et profils des techniciens rencontrés dans les salles de rédaction belges. Enfin, nous verrons quelles sont les relations qu’ils entretiennent avec les journalistes. Et selon quelles modalités ces deux cultures professionnelles sont amenées à collaborer et à coproduire des “objets” médiatiques. Ceci nous conduit à interroger le cadre conceptuel établi par Howard Becker

A Phenomenological Multi-Case Study About Social Success Skills, Aspirations, and Related Media Experiences

The social success skills valued and ultimately acquired by youth during their formative years can be better understood by examining the social spaces, processes, and interactions that are related to their personal aspirations and related media experiences. Using a phenomenological approach, I conducted a year-long multi-case study about two Black male high school students’ thoughts on social success, their aspirations, their social experiences, and their experiences with media. The participants were selected using purposeful sampling. I collected data through semi-structured interviews, focus groups, and observations. I performed analyses by using the hermeneutic cycle which requires one to repeatedly read text, write reflections, and interpret data (Kafle, 2011; Laverty, 2008). Findings suggest that my participants’ aspirations held influence over the type of media content with which they chose to engage. Additionally, their thoughts about social success were influenced by their family members’ personal life experiences and the skills their family members valued. Moreover, their sociocultural contexts influenced their evolving thoughts on social success while their media served as resources to help them process their thoughts about social success and help them pursue their goals

Transient colonization of the airways by unusual Aspergillus species in two cystic fibrosis patients

Date du colloque&nbsp;: 06/2009</p

Geosmithia argillacea: an emerging agent of airway colonization in patients with cystic fibrosis?

Date du colloque&nbsp;: 06/2009</p

RTL implementation of the adaptive loop filter for VVC encoder

LAUREA MAGISTRALEQuesta tesi esplora la progettazione e l'implementazione RTL del Adaptive Loop Filter (ALF) all'interno dello standard Versatile Video Coding (VVC), sviluppato dal Joint Video Experts Team e dal Fraunhofer HHI. L'ALF è cruciale per ridurre gli artefatti visivi nei flussi video codificati in VVC. La ricerca è stata condotta durante uno stage presso Allegro DVT a Grenoble, in Francia. La sezione sullo Stato dell'Arte offre un'analisi approfondita delle specifiche tecniche dell'ALF come descritto nello standard VVC. Il filtro utilizza un modello a forma di diamante applicato a blocchi di 7x7 pixel per la luminanza. Calcola nuovi valori di pixel in base alla luminanza dei pixel vicini, utilizzando coefficienti influenzati da parametri come l'indice di classe, il set di filtri e l'indice di trasposizione. Questo processo di filtraggio è ottimizzato tramite calcoli basati su gradienti su blocchi di 4x4 pixel, consentendo all'encoder di selezionare il filtro più adatto per ciascun blocco al fine di ridurre al minimo la distorsione, bilanciando al contempo le richieste computazionali. La tesi descrive la traduzione dalla specifica dell'ALF e dell'encoder software all'implementazione RTL, comprese le scelte tecniche di ottimizzazione. Vengono trattati i concetti fondamentali della progettazione RTL come i processi flip-flop, la logica combinatoria, i registri, il pipelining, le interfacce valid/ready, FIFO, FSM e RAM, che sono cruciali per sviluppare una comprensione approfondita dei meccanismi coinvolti. La sezione sull'implementazione descrive la decomposizione dell'ALF e la realizzazione blocco per blocco delle sue funzioni, sottolineando le decisioni tecniche e le ottimizzazioni per soddisfare i requisiti di progettazione e ridurre l'area di sintesi. Viene inoltre delineato un metodo di validazione e test. In conclusione, la tesi conferma il successo della progettazione RTL dell'ALF, evidenzia i benefici personali e professionali acquisiti durante lo stage e riflette sul soggetto e il contesto del progetto.This thesis explores the design and RTL implementation of the Adaptive Loop Filter (ALF) within the Versatile Video Coding (VVC) standard, developed by the Joint Video Experts Team and Fraunhofer HHI. The ALF is crucial for reducing visual artifacts in VVC-encoded video streams. The research was conducted during an internship at Allegro DVT in Grenoble, France. The State of the Art section offers a comprehensive analysis of the ALF’s technical specifications as outlined in the VVC standard. The filter employs a diamond-shaped pattern applied to 7x7 pixel blocks for luminance. It computes new pixel values based on neighboring pixel luminance, using coefficients influenced by parameters such as class index, filter set, and transposition index. This filtering process is optimized through gradient-based calculations on 4x4 pixel blocks, enabling the encoder to select the most suitable filter for each block to minimize distortion while balancing computational demands. The thesis details the translation from the ALF specification and the software encoder into RTL implementation, including technical optimization choices. It covers fundamental RTL design concepts such as flip-flop processes, combinatorial logic, registers, pipelining, valid/ready interfaces, FIFO, FSM, and RAM, which are crucial for developing a thorough understanding of the mechanisms involved. The implementation section describes the ALF's decomposition and block-by-block realization of its functions, emphasizing technical decisions and optimizations to meet design requirements and reduce synthesis area. A validation and testing method is also outlined. In conclusion, the thesis confirms the successful RTL design of the ALF, highlights the personal and professional benefits gained from the internship, and reflects on the subject and context of the project

Three-dimensional CFD simulations with large displacement of the geometries using a connectivity-change moving mesh approach

This paper deals with three-dimensional (3D) numerical simulations involving 3D moving geometries with large displacements on unstructured meshes. Such simulations are of great value to industry, but remain very time-consuming. A robust moving mesh algorithm coupling an elasticity-like mesh deformation solution and mesh optimizations was proposed in previous works, which removes the need for global remeshing when performing large displacements. The optimizations, and in particular generalized edge/face swapping, preserve the initial quality of the mesh throughout the simulation. We propose to integrate an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian compressible flow solver into this process to demonstrate its capabilities in a full CFD computation context. This solver relies on a local enforcement of the discrete geometric conservation law to preserve the order of accuracy of the time integration. The displacement of the geometries is either imposed, or driven by fluid–structure interaction (FSI). In the latter case, the six degrees of freedom approach for rigid bodies is considered. Finally, several 3D imposed-motion and FSI examples are given to validate the proposed approach, both in academic and industrial configurations

Just because: In search of objective criteria of subjectivity expressed by causal connectives

The connective&nbsp;because&nbsp;can express both highly objective and highly subjective causal relations. In this, it differs from its counterparts in other languages, e.g. Dutch, where two conjunctions&nbsp;omdat&nbsp;and&nbsp;want express more objective and more subjective causal relations, respectively. The present study investigates whether it is possible to anchor the different uses of because&nbsp;in context, examining a large number of syntactic, morphological and semantic cues with a minimal cost of manual annotation. We propose an innovative method of distinguishing between subjective and objective uses of&nbsp;because&nbsp;with the help of information available from an English/Dutch segment of a parallel corpus, which is accompanied by a distributional analysis of contextual features. On the basis of automatic syntactic and morphological annotation of approximately 1500 examples of&nbsp;because, every English sentence is coded semi-automatically for more than twenty contextual variables, such as the part of speech, number, person, semantic class of the subject, modality, etc. We employ logistic regression to determine whether these contextual variables help predict which of the two causal connectives is used in the corresponding Dutch sentences. Our results indicate that a set of semantic and syntactic features that include modality, semantics of referents (subjects), semantic class of the verbal predicate, tense (past vs. non-past) and the presence of evaluative adjectives, are reliable predictors of the more subjective and objective uses of&nbsp;because, demonstrating that this distinction can indeed be anchored in the immediate linguistic context. The proposed method and relevant contextual cues can be used for identification of objective and subjective relationships in discourse