Soliton Interactions in Perturbed Nonlinear Schroedinger Equations

We use multiscale perturbation theory in conjunction with the inverse scattering transform to study the interaction of a number of solitons of the cubic nonlinear Schroedinger equation under the influence of a small correction to the nonlinear potential. We assume that the solitons are all moving with the same velocity at the initial instant; this maximizes the effect each soliton has on the others as a consequence of the perturbation. Over the long time scales that we consider, the amplitudes of the solitons remain fixed, while their center of mass coordinates obey Newton's equations with a force law for which we present an integral formula. For the interaction of two solitons with a quintic perturbation term we present more details since symmetries -- one related to the form of the perturbation and one related to the small number of particles involved -- allow the problem to be reduced to a one-dimensional one with a single parameter, an effective mass. The main results include calculations of the binding energy and oscillation frequency of nearby solitons in the stable case when the perturbation is an attractive correction to the potential and of the asymptotic "ejection" velocity in the unstable case. Numerical experiments illustrate the accuracy of the perturbative calculations and indicate their range of validity.Comment: 28 pages, 7 figures, Submitted to Phys Rev E Revised: 21 pages, 6 figures, To appear in Phys Rev E (many displayed equations moved inline to shorten manuscript

CERITA RAKYAT BUSANG MAYUN DARI SUKU DAYAK KENYAH DI LONG LEJUH

Containing the value of culture folklore, education and moral values are beneficial. The dyaks of folklore Kenyah Lebu’ Kulit is a form of long literary. This one comes with oral literary order of value and the contents of high quality and very useful to the development of regional literature. Folklore titled Busang Mayun the dyaks of Kenyah Lebu’ Kulit in the village long Lejuh need to be identified because the stories so there have not been many locations the community, plus the influence of the development of technology advancement which gradually and quickly so that forgotten folklore. Folklore rarely never even told that masyarakaat dyaks Kenyah Lebu’Kulit in the long Lejuh called Busang Mayun no longer know and have known story their area. In this research writer will use the qualitative study, researchers collected data as usually by means of direct face to face and interacting with people in the research. In this research as a source of primary data were informants. Important data or information collected and examined in this research in the form of qualitative. The data more of words. In this research data obtained through oral information of the next speakers transcription into the story in writing. Folklore called Busang Mayun of dyaks Kenyah Lebu’Kulit containing culture elements. Cultural values or customs show anciently the community in the long lejuh obstinate in holding fast custom and culture. The community customs cultures or the dyaks of kenyah that existed in the village long lejuh still exist until now, Be seen from the inheritance to future generations, as forms of household appliances, a boat, machete, chopsticks, a spear, a shield, and others. The equipment that meant until now is still used by a community the dyaks of Kenyah Lebu’Kulit in the village long lejuh as supports the needs of the lives of the community.

Stability of stationary states in the cubic nonlinear Schroedinger equation: applications to the Bose-Einstein condensate

The stability properties and perturbation-induced dynamics of the full set of stationary states of the nonlinear Schroedinger equation are investigated numerically in two physical contexts: periodic solutions on a ring and confinement by a harmonic potential. Our comprehensive studies emphasize physical interpretations useful to experimentalists. Perturbation by stochastic white noise, phase engineering, and higher order nonlinearity are considered. We treat both attractive and repulsive nonlinearity and illustrate the soliton-train nature of the stationary states.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figure

Experimental feasibility of measuring the gravitational redshift of light using dispersion in optical fibers

This paper describes a new class of experiments that use dispersion in optical fibers to convert the gravitational frequency shift of light into a measurable phase shift or time delay. Two conceptual models are explored. In the first model, long counter-propagating pulses are used in a vertical fiber optic Sagnac interferometer. The second model uses optical solitons in vertically separated fiber optic storage rings. We discuss the feasibility of using such an instrument to make a high precision measurement of the gravitational frequency shift of light.Comment: 11 pages, 12 figure

Bibliotherapeutic Literature Appropriate for Gifted Children: Examination of Three Books

Gifted students may experience psychosocial difficulties. One of the therapeutic tools that, can be used by counselors in supporting them by taking their interest and skill in reading book into consideration, is bibliotherapy. It reflects using literature for helping children to overcome their problems. Choosing the appropriate book for bibliotherapy is crucial point to make the process productive. Research on the books that can be used through bibliotherapy with gifted students seems to be limited; led this study. This study examined three books in terms of the content regarding psychosocial difficulties experienced by gifted students and their appropriateness for bibliotherapy applications for gifted children at primary school level. The outstanding contents in the books were relationship problems, labeling and loneliness, difficulties with self / identity development, and perfectionism. According to results, the books included contents regarding the difficulties that gifted students might experience; hence could be used with gifted students by counselors

EVALUATION OF SULFURIC ACID, BARIUM CHLORIDE, AND SEED GERMINATION ASSAY METHODS AS EARLY PREGNANCY DETECTION INSTRUMENTS IN CATTLE

This study aims to validate and re-evaluate the use of H2SO4, BaCl2, and seed germination assay (SGA) methods to detect early pregnancy in cattle. Validation was carried out in order to find out the actual test performance value, which include accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity.Validation test was done by reacting the urine of pregnant and non-pregnant cattle populations with H2SO4 solution diluted at a ratio of 1 : 4, with 1% BaCl2 solution or through germination of mung bean seeds in Petri dishes. The results of this study indicated that the H2SO4 and BaCl2 methods have poor accuracy (21.88% and 28.13%) with the sensitivity of 81.82% and 100% and specificity of 9.43% and 13.21%, respectively. Meanwhile, the SGA method had a fairly good accuracy (74.55%) with sensitivity and specificity of 45.46% and 81.82%, respectively. Based on these results, the H2SO4, BaCl2, and SGA methods are not recommended for detection of early pregnancy in the field

Deteksi Antibodi terhadap Mycoplasma gallisepticum pada Serum Ayam dengan Pengujian Serologi Rapid Serum Agglutination (RSA), Kit ELISA Komersil dan inhouseELISA

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) adalah bakteri penyebab penyakit pernapasan kronis pada ayam yang sering disebut sebagai chronic respiratory disease (CRD) dan infectious sinusitis pada kalkun. Kerugian akibat infeksi MG pada industri perunggasan di dunia mencapai lebih dari US $ 780 juta setiap tahun. Deteksi dini dan monitoring secara berkelanjutan sangat dibutuhkan dari hulu yakni hatchery sampai ke hilir di peternakan komersil. Di Indonesia kasus CRD maupun CRD kompleks sampai saat ini masih menjadi permasalahan di peternakan-peternakan ayam. Keberadaan MG dapat dideteksi dengan cara isolasi organisme atau deteksi DNA dari jaringan yang terinfeksi atau sampel swab atau dengan menggunakan pengujian serologi untuk diagnosis penyakit ini. Jenis pengujian serologi yang sudah umum dilakukan adalah dengan Rapid Serum Agglutination (RSA), Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) dan Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status antibodi ayam dari beragam kondisi di lapangan dengan uji RSA, ELISA komersil dan inhouseELISA (iELISA). Pengujian serologi dengan menggunakan 3 jenis pengujian memberikan hasil yang berbeda dalam mendeteksi antibodi terhadap MG pada sampel serum ayam dengan status yang bervariasi. Kit ELISA komersil lebih sensitif dalam mendeteksi antibodi terhadap MG, sehingga pengujian ini memberikan hasil positif paling banyak