Prevalence of Mitral Valve Prolapse and Its Adverse Sequelae in Healthy Adult Yemenis

Background: Mitral valve prolapse is a common cardiac disease with frequent complications.&#x0D; Objectives: To study the prevalence of mitral valve prolapse in healthy Yemenis associated with the prevalence of its adverse sequelae.&#x0D; Methods: We performed echocardiography for 1164 healthy Yemeni individuals: 615 women and 549 men (mean age ± SD 45.7 ± 10 years).Classical mitral valve prolapse was defined as a superior displacement of mitral valve leaflets at least 2 mm with a maximal leaflets thickness of at least 5 mm during diastasis. On the other hand, nonclassic prolapse was defined as displacement of more than 2 mm with a maximal thickness of less than 5 mm.&#x0D; Results: 74 subjects (6.3 percent) had mitral valve prolapse, 40 (3.4 percent) had classic prolapse and 34 (2.9 percent) had nonclassic prolapse. None of the patients with prolapse had a history of heart failure nor anyone had atrial fibrillation except one patient (1.3 percent) had cerebrovascular disease and two patients (2.7 percent) had syncope, as compared with unadjusted prevalence of these findings on the individuals without prolapse of 0.0, 0.0, 0.0 and 1.3 percent, respectively. Chest pain, dyspnea and electrocardiographic change frequencies were similar between two groups.&#x0D; Conclusion: The prevalence of mitral valve prolapse in adult Yemenis was 6.3 percent, which is similar to the results of other studies in different countries but with low prevalence of adverse sequelae in comparison to those studies. &#x0D; </jats:p

Coronary risk factors in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in Yemen

Background: A comparative retrospective study has made to compare the distribution of risk factors and complications in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients and other cardiac patients.&#x0D; Methods: Records of 768 patients from Sana’a city and other cardiac patients in Yemen. To assess the risk factors for acute coronary syndrome (ACS); age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, cigarette smoking and reported history and family history of coronary artery disease (CAD). To assess the complications such as heart failure, arrhythmias and cerebro-vascular accident (CVA).&#x0D; Results: The mean age of acute coronary syndrome patients was significantly lower than other cardiac disease patients 56.8 year vs. 55.3 years; p= 0.007. History of hyperlipidemia was significantly higher acute coronary syndrome patients than other cardiac patients 49.2% vs. 38.3%; p=0.002. Reported history of coronary artery disease was also significantly higher among ACS patients. Hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus, cigarette smoking and reported family history of coronary artery disease were comparable among acute coronary syndrome patients and other cardiac patients. In-hospital complications: Cerebro-vascular accident was significantly higher among ACS patients than other cardiac patients 7.8 % vs. 4.4 %; p= 0.0001. Heart failure and arrhythmias rates were comparable. Wall motion abnormalities were comparable 79.2 vs. 73.2; p=0.51. While Ejection Fraction was lower in ACS patients than other cardiac patients 49.8.8% vs. 54.8; p=0.0001.&#x0D; Conclusions: The mean age was higher among acute coronary syndrome patients. History of hyperlipidemia and history of coronary artery disease were higher among acute coronary syndrome patients. Cerebro-vascular accident rate was higher in acute coronary syndrome patients.&#x0D; </jats:p

Polycythemia and the Coronary Complications of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients in Yemen

Abstract Background: A retrospective study was performed to study the effect of polycythemia on the severity of coronary artery occlusions and echocardiographic characteristics among acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients in Yemen. Methods: Tow hundred and four (204) ACS patients in Yemen who underwent coronary angiography were reviewed from January 2014 to December 2014. Results: The mean age of Polycythemia ACS patients was significantly lower than normal hemoglobin patients (54.59 years vs. 57.08 years; p &lt; 0.000). The prevalence of hyperlipidaemia for Polycythemia ACS patients was significantly higher (55.1% and 39.9%; p &lt; 0.000). Also the prevalence of history of coronary artery disease (CAD) for Polycythemia ACS patients was significantly higher (21.3% vs.10.6%; p &lt; 0.000). The prevalence of hypertension (HTN), diabetes mellitus (DM), and tobacco smoking were comparable at both groups. Left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) for Polycythemia ACS patients was significantly lower (47.9% and 52.8%; adjust; p &lt; 0.000). Normal coronary angiography for non-Polycythemia ACS patients was non-significantly higher (9.6% vs. 7.6%). Single vessel occlusion for non-Polycythemia patients was higher (41.9% vs. 29.6%). Two vessel occlusions were comparable for patients at both groups. Three vessel occlusions for Polycythemia ACS patients were significantly higher (37.2% vs.23.6%). Conclusions: Acute coronary syndrome occurs at a younger age for Polycythemia ACS patients. Polycythemia ACS patients are also more likely to have hyperlipedaemia and history of CAD. Impaired LVEF occurs more commonly in Polycythemia ACS patients. The ACS patients who have Polycythemia were associated with more coronary arteries occlusions. Three vessel occlusion and circumflex coronary artery occlusions occur more commonly among Polycythemia ACS patients. We noted association between high percentages of hemoglobin and coronary complications. Subject Area