Tissue culture in pearl oyster

The first work on cell culture in marine molluscs started since 1960s. Many researchers attempted to improve the culture media composition by adding vertebrate sera as growth factor. In primary cultures, the tissue dissociation methods and medium composition were frequently complemented with homologous and heterologous substanc

Studies on the growth of the marine microalga Dunaliella salina (Teodoresco)

The present paper reports on the growth pattern of Dunaliella salina cells cultured in different salinities and also in stressed conditions on exposure to mutagens (UV and PEG). The cultures were maintained in different salinities viz., 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 ppt for a period of two weeks in triplicates and the growth rate was monitored. The peak growth (14.29 lakhs) was observed in 35 ppt on eleventh day indicating the ideal salinity for the culture of this species. The cultures in mid-exponential growth phase were exposed to UV light for 30 and 60 minutes and PEG at four doses viz. 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 gm/ml. Poorest cell growth was observed for half an hour UV treated cultures (3.51 lakhs/ml). A proportionate decrease in cell count was noticed with increase in the concentration of PEG

Marine pearl production: CMFRI develops tissue culture technology

Marine pearl production: CMFRI develops tissue culture technolog

Variation in the Biomolecular Interactions of Nickel(Ii) Hydrazone Complexes Upon Tuning the Hydrazide Fragment

Three new bivalent nickel hydrazone complexes have been synthesised from the reactions of [NiCl2(PPh3)(2)] with H2L {L = dianion of the hydrazones derived from the condensation of o-hydroxynaphthaldehyde with furoic acid hydrazide (H2L1) (1)/thiophene-2-acid hydrazide (H2L2) (2)/isonicotinic acid hydrazide (H2L3) (3)} and formulated as [Ni(L-1)(PPh3)] (4), [Ni(L-2)(PPh3)] (5) and [Ni(L-3)(PPh3)] (6). Structural characterization of these compounds 4-6 were accomplished by using various physico-chemical techniques. Single crystal X-ray diffraction data of complexes 4 and 5 proved their distorted square planar geometry. In order to ascertain the potential of the above synthesised compounds towards biomolecular interactions, additional experiments involving interaction with calf thymus DNA (CT DNA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were carried out. All the ligands and corresponding nickel(II) chelates have been screened for their scavenging effect towards O-2(-), OH and NO radicals. The efficiency of complexes 4-6 to arrest the growth of HeLa, HepG-2 and A431 tumour cell lines has been studied along with the cell viability test against the non-cancerous NIH 3T3 cells under in vitro conditions.University Grants Commission, New Delhi under the UGC-SAP-DRSRobert A. Welch Foundation F-0003Chemistr

Carbon dioxide and water vapour characteristics on the west coast of Arabian Sea during Indian summer monsoon

Carbon dioxide, water vapour, air temperature and wind measurements at 10 Hz sampling rate were carried out over the coast of Arabian Sea, Goa (15°21'N, 73°51'E) in India. These observations were collected, in association with the surface layer turbulent parameters for the Arabian Sea Monsoon Experiment (ARMEX). In the summer monsoon period, concentration of CO 2 was in the range of 550-790 mg m -3 whereas the water vapour was in the range of 17.5-24.5 g m -3. The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analysis has been performed on these observations to investigate the spectral behaviour of CO 2 and water vapour. The relation between CO 2 and water vapour on various atmospheric scales has been proposed. CO 2 and water vapour observations confirmed the existence of periodicities of large (11, 8 days), meso (5 days) and micrometeorological (20 min) scales

Effect of culture media and tissue extracts in the mantle explant culture of abalone, Haliotis varia Linnaeus

The study is aimed at developing appropriate media for the mantle explant culture of abalone Haliotis varia. The effect of different media viz., L-15, Ham's F12, M199 was studied in combination with 10% Fetal Calf Serum (FCS) and 10% tissue extracts of gonad, mantle and whole body of abalone, H. varia to understand cell behaviour, cell yield and cell adherence in mantle explant culture of H. varia. Cultures with L-15 media gave better cell yield and M199 promoted better cell adherence. Addition of mantle extract to all media enhanced the cell yield to a maximum followed by whole body extract. Addition of whole body extract facilitated in cell adherence followed by the addition of mantle extract

The Indian marine pearls- A culture technique for pearl production

Even though experiments on production of cultured pearls were initiated in India in early 1930's, success was achieved only in the 70's when the free spherical pearls were produced. The Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), after successfully producing the spherical pearls, has developed a technology to produce the pearl oyster seed by the hatchery method and farming the oysters at sea. Training was imparted on these important technologies to technicians both at national and international levels

A Study on the Customers Perception About Advertisement of Organic Toddler Food

Purpose: This study assesses the impact of organic toddler food labelling on customer attitudes towards advertising, brand loyalty, and purchase intentions as well as consumer perceptions of healthiness and tastiness.   Theoretical Framework: These advertisements negative effects on the lower middle class are significantly more severe. Quite frequently, these food products develop snob appeal, and people from less affluent backgrounds are persuaded to buy them as dietary supplements and a means of ascension.   Design/methodology/approach: Researcher used Purposive sampling technique This study concentrates on the impact and awareness of advertisement in organic toddler foods. Both ancillary and principal data were used in this study. Researcher has taken 384 as a sample for research study which is greater than the minimum statistically accepted sample size. The data were analyzed using the SPSS_22. Pearson’s Coefficient of Correlation Chi-square   Findings: Study reveals that there is no association between demographic variables and legal consideration of advertisement. It depicts that unlike gender and age, qualification has association opinion about legal consideration of advertisement. There exists a high positive relation between attitude toward advertising of toddler organic foods and awareness about legal issues related to toddler organic foods.   Research, Practical and Social Implication: Customers should evaluate the value of advertisement and take buying decision. They should be given a clear picture on the myths and reality and identify the source and authenticity of advertisement. They should understand the legality related to advertisement.   Originality/value: The importance of health in customers food shopping decisions has increased as their interest in health-related problems has increased

A Study to Find Out the Effectiveness of Progressive Resisted Exercises in Improving Motor Performance and Activities of Daily Living in Idiopathic Parkinsons Disease

BACKGROUND: Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disease of the nervous system that leads to progressive disability. Idiopathic Parkinson’s disease refers to those cases where the aetiology is unknown or genetically determined Physiotherapy has an important role in PD as it focuses on transfers, posture, upper limb function, balance, gait & physical capacity & inactivity. Recent study focusing on motor performance and ADL which must be improved in IPD patients. PRE found to activate the dopaminergic system and increases dopamine availability (Sasco AJ 2010). OBJECTIVE: To find out the effectiveness of Progressive Resistance Exercise over Conventional therapy on Activities of Daily Living and Motor Performance in IPD. METHODS: Pre-Test, Post-Test Experimental design was conducted on 30 diagnosed cases of IPD. Patients were divided into two groups of 15 each. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Group A received conventional physiotherapy treatment. Group B received conventional therapy along with PRE. PRE program consists of 10 strengthening exercises. Warm up exercises was given to find RM. UPDRS 2 and UPDRS 3 was assessed before and after treatment duration was 4 weeks, 3 days per week. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The tests used for statistical analysis were Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed rank test. The results showed that, both groups showed improvement in ADL and Motor Performance. Even though both groups showed improvement, Group B showed more changes in ADL and Motor Performance than in Group A. It indicates that PRE is effective to improve ADL and Motor Performance in IPD patients. PRE found to be more effective in Parkinson’s disease, because repetitively generating large forces increases neuronal activation in basal ganglia circuits more so than small forces. The Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD) signal increases in specific basal ganglia nuclei, ventral thalamus and motor cortex with repetitive force generation. Research suggests that PRE can increase dopamine level and metabolism, which subsequently in functional independence in PD subjects (Sasco AJ, 2010). CONCLUSION: Progressive Resistance Exercise along with Conventional Therapy is effective in improving Motor Performance and Activities of Daily Living in patients with IPD

Chromatin extrusion explains key features of loop and domain formation in wild-type and engineered genomes

We recently used in situ Hi-C to create kilobase-resolution 3D maps of mammalian genomes. Here, we combine these maps with new Hi-C, microscopy, and genome-editing experiments to study the physical structure of chromatin fibers, domains, and loops. We find that the observed contact domains are inconsistent with the equilibrium state for an ordinary condensed polymer. Combining Hi-C data and novel mathematical theorems, we show that contact domains are also not consistent with a fractal globule. Instead, we use physical simulations to study two models of genome folding. In one, intermonomer attraction during polymer condensation leads to formation of an anisotropic “tension globule.” In the other, CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and cohesin act together to extrude unknotted loops during interphase. Both models are consistent with the observed contact domains and with the observation that contact domains tend to form inside loops. However, the extrusion model explains a far wider array of observations, such as why loops tend not to overlap and why the CTCF-binding motifs at pairs of loop anchors lie in the convergent orientation. Finally, we perform 13 genome-editing experiments examining the effect of altering CTCF-binding sites on chromatin folding. The convergent rule correctly predicts the affected loops in every case. Moreover, the extrusion model accurately predicts in silico the 3D maps resulting from each experiment using only the location of CTCF-binding sites in the WT. Thus, we show that it is possible to disrupt, restore, and move loops and domains using targeted mutations as small as a single base pair.National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant PHY-1427654)National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (New Innovator Award 1DP2OD008540-01)Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (Scholar Award R1304)Baylor College of Medicine (McNair Medical Institute Scholar Award)Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineer