CANADIAN MILITARY FAMILIES: SEPARATION RESILIENCE AND PEACETIME DEPLOYMENTS

Military families face a unique lifestyle that brings with it a series of stressors not experienced by the general civilian population. These include frequent moves, adjusting to the military subculture, and family separations. Family separations are especially stressful, as military spouses and parents are deployed for peacetime missions and training. However, the resilience and strengths-based literature has shown that most families are able to successfully cope with adversity. Further, structural changes to the military and family environment can increase family resilience. This is the crux of 'Occupational Social Work' in the military wherein lies the responsibility to baiance the needs of the individual, families, or other groups, with the needs of the military. In addition, policy development that is informed by research needs to form a significant part of 'Occupational Social Work' practice. This thesis is an exploratory work to further Occupational Social Work knowledge and practice and to stimulate further research on the effects of deployments on military families. This study also examines how Canadian military families cope with the deployment of their spouses by utilizing the Deployment Resilience Scale created by Major Adrian Van Breda on the South African Defence Force and by engaging in personal interviews in an attempt to explore family resilience in the Canadian military, and the usefulness of the Deployment Resilience Scale as a predictive tool. Findings show that, overall, Canadian military families have an average level of resilience. The area of lowest resilience appeared in family 'financial preparation' and military 'family-oriented management'. Military social workers need to be alert to potential difficulties with military deployments on the individual, family, and organizational levels. Historically military families relied on each other, friends and neighbours for support, usually only in dire circumstances. Currently, it appears that military families rely more on military formal and informal services, however, dissatisfaction with the gaps in service, and the military system of service delivery may be a indication that families are moving away from the 'rugged individual' ethos. It appears that military families acknowledge the mutually interdependent relationship between families and the military as an employer. Military occupational social workers need to encourage a healthy balance between employer and employees by using an ecological, strengths based resiliency model of practice, and by developing appropriate assessment tools to track progress and identify areas of both health and concern.Master of Social Work (MSW

Peanut clump virus and Polymyxa graminis interactions with pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L.] R. Br.) and Sorghum(Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench)

The susceptibility of 6 pearl millet (Ankoutess, ICMV IS 89305, ICMV IS 92222, ICMV IS 94206, Sadoré local and Zatib) and 6 sorghum (Irat 204, Mota Maradi, Nad 1, Sariaso 10, Sepon 82 and Zinder local) accessions to Peanut clump virus and its vector (Polymyxa graminis) was evaluated during the rainy season of 2002 under field conditions in Sadoré, Niger. The frequencies of infection of roots and leaves, analysed by a penicillinase-based DAS-ELISA, confirmed the differences among the pearl millet and sorghum accessions. In pearl millet, the virus was detected in roots and leaves, whereas in sorghum, infection was common in roots but rare in leaves. This was linked with the seed transmission of PCV in millet and not in sorghum. These results confirmed preliminary observations on the movement of the virus within these plant species, underlining the potential role of the viral P15 gene, a suppressor of post-transcriptional gene inactivation. Susceptibility to P. graminis f.sp. tropicalis was assessed under controlled conditions using a zoospore inoculation assay. Infection was quantified by a real-time quantitative PCR assay targeting the ribosomial DNA, and highlighting the differences between plant accessions and species. In addition to guidance on the selection of resistant cultivars, this study also sought to provide a toolbox for improving the understanding of the plant/vector/virus interaction

Inmersión en el pensamiento del mito de frankenstein

Mary Shelley develops her philosophical thinking in her literary creation. In Frankenstein she confronts us with our humanity through the complexity of her characters, which represent a critique of the author's patriarchal society, of the relationships between individuals, of the development of science, and even of our relationship with nature. These themes are explored in this work, showing how Mary Shelley, having grasped the tragic nature of myths, shapes around Víctor Frankenstein's transgression a deep reflection on knowledge, identity and difference.Mary Shelley desarrolla su pensamiento filosófico en su creación literaria. En Frankenstein nos enfrenta con nuestra humanidad a través de la complejidad de sus personajes, los cuales representan una crítica a la sociedad patriarcal de la autora, a las relaciones entre individuos, al desarrollo de la ciencia e, incluso, a la relación que mantenemos con la naturaleza. Se exploran en este trabajo estos temas, dando cuenta de cómo Mary Shelley, habiendo captado el carácter trágico de los mitos, configura en torno a la transgresión de Víctor Frankenstein una profunda reflexión sobre el conocimiento, la identidad y la diferencia

Inmersión en el problema del mito de Frankenstein

Mary Shelley develops her philosophical thinking in her literary creation. In Frankenstein she confronts us with our humanity through the complexity of her characters, which represent a critique of the author's patriarchal society, of the relationships between individuals, of the development of science, and even of our relationship with nature. These themes are explored in this work, showing how Mary Shelley, having grasped the tragic nature of myths, shapes around Victor Frankenstein's transgression a deep reflection on knowledge, identity and difference. Mary Shelley desarrolla su pensamiento filosófico en su creación literaria. En Frankenstein nos enfrenta con nuestra humanidad a través de la complejidad de sus personajes, los cuales representan una crítica a la sociedad patriarcal de la autora, a las relaciones entre individuos, al desarrollo de la ciencia e, incluso, a la relación que mantenemos con la naturaleza. Se exploran en este trabajo estos temas, dando cuenta de cómo Mary Shelley, habiendo captado el carácter trágico de los mitos, configura en torno a la transgresión de Víctor Frankenstein una profunda reflexión sobre el conocimiento, la identidad y la diferencia.&nbsp

Éloges de l'article 1209 C. jud – Le notaire-liquidateur face à la ténacité d'un indivisaire à l'issue de l'inventaire

Master [120] en droit, Université catholique de Louvain, 201

Interactions between Peanut clump virus, Polymyxa graminis and cereal species unravelled through field and zoospores transmission assays

Peanut clump disease is a damaging disease on groundnut caused by two pecluviruses, Indian peanut clump virus (IPCV) and Peanut clump virus (PCV). Both viruses are transmitted to major crops such as peanut, pearl millet, sorghum, sugarcane and wheat by Polymyxa graminis, a protist endoparasite of roots belonging to the Plasmodiophorida - Cercozoa. Although the various actors of the disease have been extensively studied separately, little information are available on the interactions between them. The main objective of this study was to investigate the host-vector-virus interactions in soil-borne transmitted virus pathosystems, using peanut clump disease. A real time RT-qPCR targeting the 3’UTR extremity of both RNA1 and RNA2 was developed, allowing all PCV isolates to be quantified and increasing the sensitivity of PCV detection. A strategy based on using viruliferous zoospores produced on PCV-infected sugarcane was used to demonstrate the acquisition and virus transmission process. This allowed differences to be shown in PCV transmission efficiency depending on the formae speciales of Polymyxa, and in the independence of the multiplication of PCV and Polymyxa within the host. The study was complemented by measurements of yield, PCV infection rate and seed transmission, using pearl millet and sorghum accessions grown on a naturally PCV-infected field. Finally, the study looked at the impact of the seed, soil and vegetative transmissions of PCV on its spread and the implications in term of management. This thesis unravels the interactions occurring in peanut clump disease and shows the major role played by pearl millet and sorghum in the epidemiological development of the disease. It proposes innovative ways for managing the disease.(AGRO 3) -- UCL, 201

Pecluviruses (Virgaviridae)

Peanut (groundnut, Arachis hypogaea) clump disease, characterized by severe stunting and clumping, was first described from India in 1927 and subsequently from West Africa in 1931. The causal agent in West Africa as well as in India was identified as a virus, Peanut clump virus (PCV) and Indian peanut clump virus (IPCV), respectively. Annual losses to the peanut crop due to PCV and IPCV were estimated to exceed US$38 million in the late 1990s. Pecluviruses also cause diseases on several dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous crops