Crónica de la comunicación en la desigualdad

En primer término, se plantearán problemas relevantes de los estudios interculturales, que se ejemplificarán con aspectos concretos. Así, durante treinta años, ya que en 2017 se commemora el trigésimo aniversario del Programa Erasmus, se han venido encontrando profesores, alumnos, artistas, ciuadadanos alemanes y españoles, en una gran variedad de eventos. No siempre se han entendido bien, por falta de conocimiento de los idiomas y por desconocimiento de la cultura ajena. Pero, en numerosas ocasiones, sí se han comprendido suficientemente, aunque faltara ese conocimiento de la cultura foránea y se diera una desiguladad de discursos ¿Porqué ? Porque se practicó una variante discursiva que podríamos llamar discurso intercultural, y que se caracteriza por su flexibilidad, por su voluntad de entenderse a pesar de las dificultades. Los interlocutores trataron de ajustar por ello el contexto de la comunicación de tal manera que las condiciones fueran ‘felices’. En la Prágmatica, como subdisciplina de la Lingüística, se habla de ‘happiness conditions’, es decir, de ‘condiciones felices’, como la garantía para que salga exitoso cualquier intento de comunicación. Sirva este ejemplo del hermanamiento entre Málaga y Passau, como introducción a lo que, en la conferencia, será descrito y analizado según el impacto de la desigualdad para la comunicación ; lo que viene sucediendo entre ‘hermanos desiguales’. Pero, a la vez, se expondrán narraciones de momentos dificiles, y hasta cómicos, en los ensayos de acercamiento cultural entre culturas no tan cercanas. De ahí que convenga someter a comentario analítico prejuicios molestos y proximidades inesperadas. Para ello ha de hacerse comprensible el hecho de que culturas distantes puedan comunicarse felizmente, de manera exitosa, aunque haya gran desigualdad de discursos identitarios.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Laser Shock Microforming of Thin Metal Sheets

Continuous and long-pulse lasers have been used for the forming of metal sheets in macroscopic mechanical applications. However, for the manufacturing of micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS), the applicability of such type of lasers is limited by the long-relaxation-time of the thermal fields responsible for the forming phenomena. As a consequence of such slow relaxation, the final sheet deformation state is attained only after a certain time, what makes the generated internal residual stress fields more dependent on ambient conditions and might make difficult the subsequent assembly process from the point of view of residual stresses due to adjustment. The use of ns laser pulses provides a suitable parameter matching for the laser forming of an important range of sheet components used in MEMS that, preserving the short interaction time scale required for the predominantly mechanic (shock) induction of deformation residual stresses, allows for the successful processing of components in a medium range of miniaturization, particularly important according to its frequent use in such systems. In the present paper, a discussion is presented on the physics of laser shock microforming and the influence of the different effects on the net bending angle. The experimental setup used for the experiments, sample fabrication and experimental results of influence of number of laser pulses on the net bending angle are also presented

The Certification of the Mass Concentrations of Aluminium, Selenium and Zinc in Human Serum, BCR-637, BCR-638, BCR-639.

Abstract not availableJRC.D-Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (Geel

The Certification of the Mass Concentrations of Lead and Cadmium in Reconstituted Human Blood. BCR-634, BCR-635, BCR-636.

Abstract not availableJRC.D-Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (Geel

Generalizing with perceptrons in case of structured phase- and pattern-spaces

We investigate the influence of different kinds of structure on the learning behaviour of a perceptron performing a classification task defined by a teacher rule. The underlying pattern distribution is permitted to have spatial correlations. The prior distribution for the teacher coupling vectors itself is assumed to be nonuniform. Thus classification tasks of quite different difficulty are included. As learning algorithms we discuss Hebbian learning, Gibbs learning, and Bayesian learning with different priors, using methods from statistics and the replica formalism. We find that the Hebb rule is quite sensitive to the structure of the actual learning problem, failing asymptotically in most cases. Contrarily, the behaviour of the more sophisticated methods of Gibbs and Bayes learning is influenced by the spatial correlations only in an intermediate regime of $\alpha$, where $\alpha$ specifies the size of the training set. Concerning the Bayesian case we show, how enhanced prior knowledge improves the performance.Comment: LaTeX, 32 pages with eps-figs, accepted by J Phys

Investigation of DC magnetron-sputtered TiO2 coatings: Effect of coating thickness, structure, and morphology on photocatalytic activity

The photocatalytic performance of magnetron-sputtered titanium dioxide (TiO2) coatings of different thickness in anatase crystalline structure deposited on aluminium 1050 alloy substrates was investigated using a combination of photo-electrochemistry, methylene blue decomposition, and microscopic and spectroscopic methods, such as high resolution scanning and transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy and ellipsometry. The reaction resistance was measured by AC impedance, while photocurrent measurements were carried out using the zero resistance ammetry (ZRA) method. The results showed that the TiO2 grains grow in dipyramidal columns having a linear increase in surface area with increased coating thickness. The refractive index values indicate also an evolutionary growth.The refractive index values obtained for the thin coatings on aluminium substrate were well below the values reported for monocrystalline anatase. The photocatalytic performance increased with increased coating thickness, though more rapidly over a range of 100 - 500 nm thickness. The dielectric constant also increased linearly with coating thickness.<br/

The worsening impacts of land reclamation assessed with Sentinel-1: The Rize (Turkey) test case

Massive amounts of land are being reclaimed to build airports, new cities, ports, and highways. Hundreds of kilometers are added each year, as coastlines are extended further out to the sea. In this paper, this urbanization approach is monitored by Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) technique with Sentinel-1 SAR data. The study aims to explore this technology in order to support local authorities to detect and evaluate subtle terrain displacements. For this purpose, a large 3-years Sentinel-1 stack composed by 92 images acquired between 07/01/2015 to 27/01/2018 is employed and stacking techniques are chosen to assess ground motion. The test site of this study, Rize, Turkey, has been declared at high risk of collapse and radical solutions such as the relocation of the entire city in another area are been taken into consideration. A media fact-checking approach, i.e. evaluating national and international press releases on the test site, is considered for the paper and this work presents many findings in different areas of the city. For instance, alerts are confirmed by inspecting several buildings reported by the press. Critical infrastructures are monitored as well. Portions of the harbor show high displacement rates, up to 1 cm/year, proving reported warnings. Rural villages belonging to the same municipality are also investigated and a mountainous village affected by landslide is considered in the study. Sentinel-1 is demonstrated to be a suitable system to detect and monitor small changes or buildings and infrastructures for these scenarios. These changes may be highly indicative of imminent damage which can lead to the loss of the structural integrity and subsequent failure of the structure in the long-term. In Rize, only a few known motion-critical structures are monitored daily with in-situ technologies. SAR interferometry can assist to save expensive inspection and monitoring services, especially in highly critical cases such as the one studied in this paper