STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF TWO SURFACTANTS ON SPRAY RETENTION BY BARLEY LEAVES

Surfactants are nowadays very useful additives to improve the effectiveness of phytosanitary treatments. They contribute to change the types of impact and thus the amount of spray retained by the leaves of the treated plant. We performed tests of retention on whole barley plants on BBCH 12 stage and small pieces of barley leaves at the same stage of growth. Spraying was done in three ways: water without surfactant, water with Break-Thru S240 and water with Li700. The three slurries of fluorescein contained in an amount of 0.2 g / l. Fluorescein retained by the leaves in both cases is then measured by a spectrofluoremeter. The retention tests on whole plants show that it is tripled by the first surfactant and doubled by the second. By cons on small pieces of barley leaves, the amount was increased by the use of surfactants but not to the same scale. This study concluded that the use of surfactants in spray pesticides may increase the amount of retention as a function of leaf area and the surfactant used

THE EFFECT OF LEAF ORIENTATION ON SPRAY RETENTION ON BLACKGRASS

Spray application efficiency depends on the pesticide application method as well as target properties. A wide range of drop impact angles exists during the spray application process because of drop trajectory and the variability of the leaf orientation. As the effect of impact angle on retention is still poorly documented, laboratory studies were conducted to highlight the effect of leaf orientation on drop impact outcomes. Measurements were performed with a high-speed camera coupled with a retro-LED lighting. Size and velocity of the drop were extracted by image analysis. Drop impact types were determined by the operator. Drops were produced with a flat-fan nozzle mounted on a movable ramp. Excised blackgrass [Alopecurus myosuroides HUDS. (ALOMY)] leaves were stretched between two parts of a U-shaped support. A surfactant (Break-Thru® S240) was sprayed to highlight the effect of mixture surface tension. The whole device was tilted from 0 to 90°. Relative volume proportions were computed within of an energy scale divided into 11 classes. These proportions have been weighted by an average volume distribution and the results were summed for all energy classes to obtain the total volume proportions for each impact outcomes and for all leaf angles. For distilled water (high surface tension) the increase of rebound proportion with the increase of drop impact angle is highlighted. For surfactant (lower surface tension), it results in an increase of drop fragmentation in Cassie-Baxter wetting regime. To be statistically representative, bigger drop samples should be used

Use of rotary atomiser to optimize retention on barley leaves while reducing driftable droplets

Controlled Droplet Application using rotary atomiser is based on an improved control of droplet size and trajectory comparatively to hydraulic nozzles. On the basis of literature, it was stated that the use of 60° forward angled spray combined with the narrow drop size distribution of a rotary atomiser could lead to low drift and high retention on monocotyledonous and superhydrophobic weeds at early stage. A Micromax120 atomiser was tuned to emit 270 µm VMD, 60° angled forward, to increase interception by the canopy structure. A spray mixture containing a superspreader adjuvant was used to avoid drop bouncing. An increase of spray retention comparatively to a Teejet 11002 at 1.4 bars was observed, although not proved statistically significant by these preliminary trials. On the drift side, the tilted spinning disc seemed to be advantageous since droplet spectra contains a low percentage of droplets under 100 µm and presents an ejection velocity of 25 m.s-1 at 5000 RPM. The spray drift was reduced about 50%. However, these setting were not found as efficient as expected. Indeed, angled spray proved to be more sensitive to advection and turbulence, as the spray was more exposed to the airflow than for the vertical position. It appears that angling the spray and choosing a drop size spectrum with a Volume Median Diameter as big as 270 µm is not sufficient to reduce significantly this issue. Some alternatives as decreasing the emission height are possible with angled sprays but require height control that seems difficult to reach in practical situations.Peer reviewe

Best Practice: Strategi “Mosir” Tingkatkan Kinerja Guru di SMK Negeri 5 Kendal Tahun Ajaran 2021/2022

Peningkatan mutu sekolah terutama untuk jenjang menengah kejuruan dengan mempunyai tingat kedisiplinan yang tinggi. Kedisiplinan merupakan salah satu indicator peningatan mutu di SMK Negeri 5 Kendal yang telah disesuaikan dengan kekuatan karakteristik lingkungan  sekolah. Karya tulis ini dimaksudkan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai: (1) peningkatan kedisiplinan memalui strategi MOSIR menigkatkan kinerja guru  sekolah menengah kejuruan, dan (2) hasil atau dampak dari pelaksanaan strategi MOSIR di SMK Negeri 5 Kendal. Karya tulis ini merupakan pengalaman pelaksanaan manajemen di SMK dalam bentuk best practice. Pengalaman melaksanakan peningkatan kedisiplinan melalui strategi MOSIR sebagai took ukur kualitas layanan pendidikan atas: (1) meningkatnya kedisiplinan dalam memberikan layanan pendidikan melalui MOSIR (2) peningkatan tanggungjawab sesuai tugas pokok dan fungsi guru, (3) adanya perubahan karakter kemandirian, kedisiplinan dan tanggungjawab yang lebih tinggi. Dampak dari pelaksanaan impementasi MOSIR untuk meningkatkan kinerja  guru adalah: (1) adanya semangat dalam meningkatkan kedisiplian  terhadap kinerja guru, (2) sebagai keteladanan atas kinerja guru kepada peserta didik (3) reward menjadi salah satu motivasi terbesar untuk melakukan perubahan dan terciptanya budaya kerja yang positip dilingkungan tempat bekerja

The Construction of Meaning and Position of Mental Disorder Character in Three Romance Films

This research discusses the representation and discourse which focused on the elements of characterization and narration which is presented by mental disorder character in Silver Linings Playbook (2012), Touched with Fire (2015), and The Other Half (2016). In this research, mental illness is not analyzed as a medical narration but also is one of signifying practices. The approaches of media representation analysis from Simon Cross (2014) and Harper (2008) are used to determine the representation of life experiences and disassemble the emerging discourses. The result indicates that when mental illness is represented in the romantic film, the stereotype about abnormality, rejection, and exclusion still becomes the main structure of the narrative. The romance story that wraps it up still refers to the stereotype. Therefore, those three films can be concluded as a part of dominant statements on abnormality discourse against mental disorder sufferers. In this case, mental disorder sufferers are subjected as a subject that must change. It is because only one choice for mental disorder sufferers to be accepted in society, that is recovery.Keywords: Mental Disorder Character, Discourse, Representation, Fil

Developing Interactive Vocabulary Learning Multimedia for the Seventh Grade Students of SMP N 15 Yogyakarta

This study aimed to develop an interactive vocabulary learning multimedia for the seventh grade students of SMP N 15 Yogyakarta. This study was a Research and Development study. The research procedure in this study was adapted from the model proposed by Lee and Owens (2004). It consisted of several steps which are analysis, design, development, evaluation, and implementation. The result of this study was an interactive vocabulary learning multimedia which consisted of three units of material namely “I Love Things Around Me”, “I Love People Around Me”, and “I Love My Town”. Each unit of material consisted of input, drills and evaluation part. Based on the result of the expert judgment and the product try-out, the interactive multimedia designed were appropriate to be used. The mean scores of the content appropriateness and media appropriateness of the interactive multimedia in Unit 1, Unit 2, and Unit 3 were all in the range of 4.2 – 5. Based on the quantitative data conversion proposed by Sudijono (2003) the mean score in the range of 4.20 – 5 was categorized as very good