Cardiac troponin I- och EKG- förändringar vid experimentell endotoxinemi på häst

Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka om en experimentellt inducerad endotoxinemi orsakar stegringar i plasmakoncentrationen av cardiac troponin I (cTnI) samt om det finns ett samband mellan koncentrationen av cTnI och frekvensen arytmier registrerade på EKG. Åtta friska varmblodstravare fick en kontinuerlig intravenös infusion av endotoxiner (total dos 500 ng/kg) samtidigt som EKG registrerades. Blodprover togs varje timme under infusionen samt 1, 2, 3, 6, 10 och 24 timmar efter infusionens slut och analyserades avseende koncentrationen av cTnI med hjälp av en hyperkänslig analysmetod. En häst exkluderades från försöket då denna uppvisade en förhöjd initial koncentration av cTnI. Samtliga sju hästar uppvisade signifikanta stegringar i koncentrationen av cTnI som nådde sitt högsta medelvärde (0.135 ± 0.094 !g/L) en timme efter infusionens slut. Plasmanivåerna av cTnI sjönk sedan successivt och var inte signifikant skilda från initialnivåerna vid 6, 10 och 24 timmar efter infusionens slut. Frekvensen ventrikulärt utlösta extraslag var generellt låg under infusionsperioden men antalet ökade markant under de första tre timmarna efter infusionens slut hos sex av sju hästar. Inget tydligt samband mellan koncentrationen av cTnI och atriellt utlösta extraslag kunde påvisas. Resultaten från denna studie tyder på att hästar med experimentellt orsakad endotoxinemi får en stegring i koncentrationen av cTnI, tydande på en hjärtmuskelskada. Det finns även en tidsförskjutning mellan stegring av cTnI och uppkomsten av ventrikulärt utlösta arytmier. Genom att analysera förändringar av cTnI tidigt i ett förlopp med misstänkt endotoxinemi skulle man i framtiden kunna öka chanserna för att upptäcka patienter med risk för att utveckla allvarligare rytmrubbningar

The effect of feed composition on the sensory quality of organic rainbow trout during ice storage

The aim of this work was to study whether the type of protein and lipid source in feed for organic Rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) influenced the sensory quality. The protein sources were fishmeal and a matrix of organic vegetable plant mealsproteins, while the lipid sources were fish oil and organic oils of linseed, sunflower, rapeseed and grape seed, respectively. Sensory profiling was performed after 3, 5, 7 and 14 days of storage in ice. Besides sensory analysis also lipid profiles weare measured. The resultsed showed that the lipid type in the feed aeffected the sensory characteristics after 3 days of storage. Especially the trout that had grape seed oil in the feed had a different sensory profile than the trout that had fish oil in the feed. These differences could be explained by the lipid profiles in the fillets. Also after 7 days of ice storage differences in the sensory profile wereas observed again as a result of the used lipid types used. After 7 days of ice storage ThusHere the trout that had grape seed oil orand rapeseed oil for instance had a more neutral flavor and odor profile compared to the other trout fed on linseed or sunflower oil´s. After 14 days of storage no effect of lipid type in the feed was observed, but the trout which had fish meal as protein source had higher intensity of several negative sensory descriptors compared to trout that had the vegetable protein matrix. Overall the results showed that the dietaryfeeds content of protein and lipid aeffecteds the sensory characteristics of the trout in different ways during the ice storage period

Rates of induced abortion in Denmark according to age, previous births and previous abortions

Background: Whereas the effects of various socio-demographic determinants on a woman’s risk of having an abortion are relatively well-documented, less attention has been given to the effect of previous abortions and births. Objective: To study the effect of previous abortions and births on Danish women’s risk of an abortion, in addition to a number of demographic and personal characteristics. Data and methods: From the Fertility of Women and Couples Dataset we obtained data on the number of live births and induced abortions by year (1981-2001), age (16-39), county of residence and marital status. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the influence of the explanatory variables on the probability of having an abortion in a relevant year. Main findings and conclusion: A woman’s risk of having an abortion increases with the number of previous births and previous abortions. Some interactions were was found in the way a woman’s risk of abortion varies with calendar year, age and parity. The risk of an abortion for women with no children decreases while the risk of an abortion for women with children increases over time. Furthermore, the risk of an abortion decreases with age, but relatively more so for women with children compared to childless women. Trends for teenagers are discussed in a separate section.abortion parity, abortion rates, family situation, fertility parity, urbanization

Geometric phases in open tripod systems

We first consider stimulated Raman adibatic passages (STIRAP) in a closed four-level tripod system. In this case, the adiabatic eigenstates of the system acquire real geometric phases. When the system is open and subject to decoherence they acquire complex geometric phases that we determine by a Monte Carlo wave function approach. We calculate the geometric phases and the state evolution in the closed as well as in the open system cases and describe the deviation between these in terms of the phases acquired. When the system is closed, the adiabatic evolution implements a Hadamard gate. The open system implements an imperfect gate and hence has a fidelity below unity. We express this fidelity in terms of the acquired geometric phases.Comment: 10 pages 7 figure

The effects of feed composition on the sensory quality of organic rainbow trout during ice storage

The focus of this work was to study which effects the type of protein and lipid source in the feed for organic Rainbow trout influences had on the sensory quality of final product. Two and four different protein and lipid sources were used in the experiment respectively. The protein sources were fishmeal and a mixture of protein from organic vegetable, while the lipid sources were fish oil and organic oil from linseed, sunflower, rapeseed and grape seed. Sensory analysis was performed after 3, 5, 7 and 14 days of storage in ice. The results showed that both protein and lipid source in the feed can influence sensory characteristics of the trout. After 3 and 7 days of storage in ice differences in the sensory characteristics between rainbow trout’s which have had different lipid sources in the feed were observed. While a difference between the trout fed with different protein sources were observed after 14 days of storage, indicating that vegetable protein in the feed increases the self-life of organic rainbow trout